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THE ROLE OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN NATIONAL INNOVATION SYSTEM
Abstract
The article is devoted to innovation culture and its main factors, such as innovativeness and creativity. The authors determine innovation culture as a social phenomenon of society's readiness to implement different types of innovations and to use new ideas in production, marketing, management and education. It is justified that innovation culture manifests in creativity and innovativeness. Authors define creativity as the ability to transcend traditional ways of thinking or acting, and to develop new and original ideas, methods or objects. It was revealed that the development of creativity mostly depends on the educational system that should facilitate people's creative (productive) and critical (evaluative) thinking. In the article, innovativeness is defined as susceptibility to innovation that means the ability to accept, introduce and disseminate innovations. Thus, authors suppose that innovativeness is a type of mind-set that manifests in the abilities to draw ideas from the outside, bring them into some system and use them effectively. Moreover authors revealed the main elements of innovativeness that include susceptibility to original ideas and solutions, striving for novelty, risk acceptance and risk appetite, large amount of expertise in the sphere of interests, openness to experience that includes skills of overcoming obstacles. In addition, the main internal factors that influence the innovation culture of organizations were studied. These determinants include flexible organizational structure based on collaboration of project teams, management that supports innovative ideas in different spheres and quality management system focused on permanent improvements of consumer properties of products.
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