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SUSTAINABLE USE OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND RECREATIONAL FISHERY IN THE EXCLAVE KALININGRAD REGION: PROBLEMS AND CONFLICTS
Abstract
The article deals with a set of regional problems that require early adoption of political, environmental, institutional and scientific solutions to ensure sustainable development of the Kaliningrad region. The main problems are the imperfection of the legislative system, in which watercourses and lakes have different ownership forms to make it difficult to determine legal liability for the condition of water object. The imperfection of local management systems and the irrational separation of powers between authorities at various levels also impede the development of a sustainable water management system. Ecological problems that associate with anthropogenic pollution of rivers and lakes, obsolete land-improvement technologies, violations in the development of floodplain lands contribute to the eutrophication of fishing reservoirs and watercourses and, as a result, to a decrease in biodiversity. According to official statistics, in 2017, 111 million cubic meters of wastewater entered the surface waters of the Kaliningrad region. At the same time, it was previously shown that unauthorized discharges account for an additional to 25% of the volume of discharged effluents. In addition, the article summarizes and analyzes the available data on the state of recreational fishing in the Kaliningrad region and its possible inclusion in the tourism product. A rather small territory of the exclave Kaliningrad region is rich in natural resources, including numerous water bodies and various fish resources. Recreational fisheries can become one of the important factors in the sustainable development of the region.
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