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A STUDY OF DEGRADATION RATE AND STRENGTH OF BIODEGRADABLE COMPOSITES
Abstract
Samples of biodegradable composite material obtained by mixing a biodegradable polymer (PLA) as a matrix and chopped fine wood as a filler were developed. The filler in the samples was preliminary thermally modified at various temperatures. Composites were studied for biodegradation in alkaline solutions of NaOH and KOH. It was found that the biodegradability of pure PLA was significantly lower than that of composites based on PLA and a wood filler. In addition, the experiments revealed that by adjusting the degree of heat treatment of the filler, we could control the rate of the composite biodegradation, which can be applied in biodegradable packaging production. After analyzing the data obtained, it is proved that the rate of degradation of polylactide in alkali solutions also depends on the temperature of the alkali solution. Therefore, when creating a process for recycling PLA-based composites and materials by degradation in alkaline solutions, first of all, it is necessary to take into account the temperature of the process, and consequently, the external factors affecting the destruction rate will include the environment temperature. In the paper, besides biodegradation, the samples were tested for tensile strength. As the tests have shown, samples with a filler content over 70% had a significant drop in the strength limit. Thus, focusing on the obtained experimental results, we can say that by pre-regulating the qualitative and quantitative composition of the composite, it is possible to obtain a material with the necessary biodegradable and strength properties. In addition, the results of this study will expand the opportunities for active disposal of biodegradable packaging materials due to their cheap and technologically easy degradation in alkaline solutions, which in turn will reduce the environmental impact.
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