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DEVELOPMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL GEOTECHNOLOGIES IN THE CONDITIONS OF CRYOLITZONE
Abstract
The analysis of development systems used in mining in coal pits of the permafrost zone is carried out. The intensive development of deposits over the past decades has led to large-scale landscape disturbances, the reasons for which are a significant increase in the scale of open pit mining, surface disruption by mining, dumps, technological sites, hydraulic structures, as well as environmental pollution for a long period. Attempts to reduce landscape disturbances using land-saving technologies, systematizing transport and non-transport technologies with partial transfer of overburden rocks to an internal dump, and developing and implementing deeply continuous transverse development systems did not lead to the desired results. A mining geometric analysis of the volume of overburden operations in small sections of Yakutia was performed: Chulmakansky, Nadezhdinsky, Harbalakhsky, Kirovsky, Kangalassky, sections of the Belogorskoye and Denisovskoye deposits. The dynamics of overburden coefficients of small sections in Yakutia with a forecast up to 2025 shows that they grow for all quarries and reach 8-10 for some of them, which is critical for open pit mining. At the same time, volumes of overburden rocks located in internal and external dumps are growing. As practice shows, the area of external dumps for some sections reaches up to 30% of the land allotment. The proposed methods of open-pit mining of deposits in the conditions of permafrost with internal dumping can increase the land intensity of internal dumps, reduce land use areas and increase mountain efficiency.
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References10
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