Scholarly record
FROM CAMERAS TO CONFLICTS: A REVIEW OF MODERN TECHNOLOGIES FOR TRAFFIC SURVEYS, VEHICLE TRACKING AND NEAR-MISS DETECTION AT INTERSECTIONS
Abstract
This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of contemporary traffic survey approaches, focusing on advanced data acquisition platforms and AI-based video analytics. The study highlights a significant transformation in traffic engineering, where traditional data collection methods are being complemented by modern solutions to provide detailed behavioral and safety-related insights. Central to this shift is the use of surrogate safety measures (SSMs) based on traffic conflicts and near-miss events, such as Time-to-Collision (TTC) and Post-Encroachment Time (PET). These indicators serve as sensitive indicators of safety deficiencies compared to traditional accident data. The paper evaluates several key technologies: traditional sensors remain effective for long-term monitoring but are limited in capturing safety-critical interactions. In contrast, fixed and mobile camera systems enable continuous monitoring and trajectory extraction through AI-based processing. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) offer an unobstructed top-down perspective that minimizes occlusion and allows for precise identification of vehicle, pedestrian, and cyclist interactions.
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