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The buried soils of kurgans that have been constructed during the arid (2200-1800 years BC) and humid periods (1300-1400 years AD) in the Volga upland and the Caspian lowlands were studied. The paleosols buried 2200-1800 years BC are characterized by significant salinity and the accumulation of easily soluble salts and gypsum in the middle part of the soil profile and the formation of characteristic salt peaks at the depth of 80-120 cm. The chemical properties of medieval paleosols buried (1300-1400 years AD) indi...

Modern society receives 93% of food products owing to the fertile soils. Today, the areas of fertile soils decreases gradually, while the world population increases. Soil degradation is a global process, the problem, which worries all countries of the world more or less. Soil degradation in Georgia is the result of the climate-relief peculiarities, activity of geodynamic processes, uncontrolled forest felling and inappropriate agricultural practice (incorrect irrigation, melioration, excess use of pesticides and m...