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Rare Earth Elements (REE) are crucial for modern technologies and renewable energy application, while there is a high risk of supply. REEs have been identified as critical raw materials for the development and the European Union economy competitiveness. Currently, China dominates the market of REEs production and refining. However, there are several REE containing materials not being properly addressed. The ENVIREE project, funded by the ERA-MIN programme, is focused on REE supply for Europe, by addressing the exp...

The ENVIREE project is focused on the working-out of efficient and environmentally-friendly rare earth elements (REE) recovery technologies from selected industrial waste disposal sites. Compared secondary sources from metal production processes are characterized by the highest REE content among the European objects assessed under the project. The paper presents the environmental aspects of REE recovery from New Kankberg (Sweden) and Covas (Portugal) tailings. Based on the results from stage II of the study, i.e. ...

Rare earth elements (REE) are strategic resources, with an elevated risk of supply instability. Significant price fluctuations related to monopoly in REE mining and production increase interest in alternative sources of acquisition. Substantial growth in demand for REE in the next decade is projected. As a potential alternative sources of REE is considered recycling of electronic waste and the processing of ashes from the incineration of municipal waste. Also the reprocessing of mining waste, both from current pro...

Rare earth elements (REEs) are a group of 17 elements including scandium, yttrium and 15 lanthanides. There are a number of applications for the REE in different industries, e.g. super magnets in electrical engines in vehicles and generators in wind turbines, fluorescent lights, catalysts for the automotive end petroleum industry. REEs are crucial concerning the rapidly developing clean energy applications and with the highest risk of supply. To meet the future demand, it is necessary to develop efficient, economi...

The study of the structure and formation of shores is now modern issue, both in the assessment of their morphology and the ecological conditions of the steppe zone of Kazakhstan. The article reflects a structure of abrupt bank of Northern Kazakhstan rivers in conjunction with the soil adjacent to it. The authors believe that the intrasoil runoff has not been taken into account so far due to the presence of both soil genetic cracks and high permeability of humidified moisture to "puffy" fouling. Therefore, there sh...

Extraction of rare earth elements (REE) from mining wastes may change their physical and chemical properties thus affecting their usefulness for reclamation. The aim of this work was to assess the usefulness for reclamation of mine wastes used for REE production. Samples of mine wastes after an experimental benefication process (n=6) were delivered from Kankberg mine, Sweden. The samples were measured for organic matter (OM) content, specific gravity, maximum water holding capacity (WHC), texture, pH and electric ...

Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC) is a new information technology that brings Cloud capabilities into the Radio Access Network (RAN). The vicinity to end users allows applications with requirements for wide bandwidth and low latency. MEC services provide direct access to real-time radio network information which enables offering of context-related applications. The communication between MEC services and applications is based on Service Oriented Architecture (SOA). In this paper, an approach to definition of Applic...

It is known that the movement of the liquid core creates electric currents, inducing a main magnetic field of the planet. The liquid core of the high temperature becomes ionized plasma (plasma), which It is quasi-neutral (not neutral) - by definition. One of the major geodynamo questions: what is the source of strength, causing fluid movement in the core of the planet? Many authors have investigated geodynamo: planetary rotation around its axis, the temperature difference and pressure as well as the Coriolis force...

The aim of the paper is created the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)/Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) under uncertainty of the production of rare earth elements (REEs), from the European sources, mainly neodymium, cerium and lanthanum obtained from secondary sources, considered now as waste. The European sources with the highest content in REE, were identified to be New Kankberg (Sweden), and data from the flotation and magnetic separation processes of the tailings were used in presented case study. Uncertainty assessment in...

Currently the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology is more and more frequently used as a tool for evaluating the environmental performance of products or services. Conducting the LCA is particularly important and valuable for a new product, process or technology. That is also applied for research on the innovative solutions or process proposals. The ENVIREE project funded from the ERA-MIN programme within the 2nd Joint Call aims at complete recovery process proposal of REE (rare earths elements) from tailings a...