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In 2015 in Latvia, the total value of agricultural output in constant prices (including subsidies on products) reached EUR 1.25 billion, and the value of crop products accounted for 63% of the total. The world population will increase by 35% by 2050; therefore, the Latvian Agricultural Sector Analysis Model (LASAM) has been developed for making projections for agricultural industries. The overall objective of the research is to develop a dynamic simulation model for various crop sectors. The present research analy...

The research aim is to identify a financial gain a forest owner can make from the management of a deciduous forest stand in Latvia provided that the stand is logged at the final (clear) felling age and the revenue is earned selling the wood as roundwood assortments and residue biomass or only as biomass (BM). The present research analysed the situation with forests owned by natural persons of the Republic of Latvia and identified the amounts of revenue a forest owner can earn growing deciduous ? birch, black alder...

The aim of this article is to study astronomical refraction anomalies. Back in 1925 Grachev and Banahevich found systematic errors in meridian observations depending on zenithal distance. Grachev suggested that these refraction anomalies arise from the inclination of the Earth's surface to the South. The airstratas of the same density were considered as parallel to the Earth's surface. But the analysis of latitude observations from the Bamberg and ZTL-180 telescopes showed there were significant systematic errors ...

The theme of this article is analysis of the reinforced concrete arc bridge structure. This article is especially focused on Monier arc bridge. A typical load applied on bridges is moving load, but this type of structure is mainly loaded with surrounding ground mass. It is fact, that for thicker layer of soil mass upper the arc decreases influence of moving load and conversely. Information in the article are based on experience gained during completely reconstruction of particular structures. Span of the bridge is...

The research aim is to estimate the profit a forest owner can earn per full forest rotation cycle from forest stands of dominant coniferous species in Latvia, selling both the assortment of logs and biomass (BM) from final felling. The research analysed the situation in privately managed forests, composed of the coniferous species ? Norway spruce (Picea abies L.) and Scots pine (Pinus syllvestris L.) ? in different forest types in Latvia. The calculation of revenue from forest product sales took into account both ...

Forest plays a multifaceted role, which is determined by its economic, ecological and social values; therefore, sustainable forestry development has to ensure a balanced use of all the values. For the first time in Latvia, the situation in hunting management was analysed, assessing the level of safety and traumatism. The research aim is to assess safety in the process of hunting and the real situation in Latvia. The research found that the most dangerous kinds of hunting were hound hunting and waterbird hunting du...