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CRISPR-Cas adaptive immunity systems of prokaryotes have been identified in 42% of bacteria and 85% of archaea [1] and are actively used in genetic engineering. However, in nitrogen-fixing nodule bacteria required for agriculture, these systems are very poorly characterized. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the diversity of CRISPR-Cas systems in the genomes of 39 isolates of alfalfa nodule bacteria Sinorhizobium meliloti recovered from soil samples from Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan, which belong to the Centra...

Nodule bacteria increase the resistance of host plants to abiotic stress factors; however, the role of the genetic potential of rhizobia in the formation of productive salt-tolerant plant-microbial symbiosis remains underestimated. The aim of the study was to evaluate the pool of genes responsible for the salt tolerance of the alfalfa microsymbiont, Sinorhizobium meliloti, using the DNA microarray technique, phenotype microarray (PM), NGS and NNGS-technologies and genome mining (antismash 5.0). As a result of the ...

Prevention and reduction of food waste production, food waste conversion into energy and products as well as the proper disposal are sequential processes in the food system. Technological standards and a legal framework for food waste recycling, as well as amendments to the relevant legal acts - both national- and municipal-level ones - have been made in Latvia. In addition, the compliance with the European Waste Classification for Statistics have been verified and the participation of nongovernmental organization...

Composite materials are widely used in high-tech fields of industry, especially in the aeronautical and aerospace industry, land and water transport. Weight reduction, high creep resistance, very good damping deformations compared to traditional materials, represent some of the advantages for these materials- usage. The studies carried out aim to determine the evolution of the physical-mechanical characteristics of a composite material with a thickness of less than 1 mm, using descriptive statistics techniques. In...

The aim of the study was to characterize the gelling effect of candelilla wax (DW) using different types of cold-pressed vegetable oil (sunflower oil, olive oil, walnut oil, grape seed oil and hemp seed oil). The structuring of the oleogels was achieved by hot incorporation of oil with different percentages of carnauba wax, as follows: 3%, 5% and 11%. Characterization of the oleogels was done by determining the chemical and physical properties of the oleogels, the oil binding capacity and the texture of the oleoge...

Water and sediments in coastal areas interact at different scales, thus shaping the marine environment and providing physical habitat for ecosystems. Hence, the hydromorphological conditions represent a key aspect of aquatic ecosystems considered in the Water Framework Directive as supporting quality elements (alongside the physicochemical), which are expected to provide the boundary conditions for the biological quality elements. Any alteration in those can reshape the corresponding biological conditions at vario...

Since putting in operation of Chernomorets fishing port (Sozopol municipality, southern Bulgarian Black Sea coast) in January 2016, a number of negative effects have been observed in the area. The disturbance in the existing hydrodynamic balance led to intense coastal erosion and unwanted sand accumulation in the wave shadow area. Additionally, the coastal water quality has deteriorated in the port area. In order to undertake measures to mitigate the observed adverse effects, it is necessary to assess in detail th...

The use of natural products for healing purposes has gained great attention worldwide. Increased interest in certain plant products has been achieved mainly due to their ability to limit antibiotic resistance. Also, as the hypothesis that all biological processes at the cellular level are severely affected by the formation of free radicals has been confirmed, it is attempted to highlight some active principles in plants and their use as agents to counteract the oxidative process [1, 2]. This paper aims to demonstr...

Composting municipal organic waste is important for several reasons, including greenhouse gas emissions reduction, soil health improvement, nutrients recycle, waste reduction, costs reduction (by reducing the waste volumes, the handling costs are decreased). Information on the practices of municipal organic waste composting in Romania is limited, thus a comprehensive evaluation of the limiting factors and current solution was carried out. According to the European Environment Agency, Romania has made progress in o...

The study presents results and discuss statistical properties of wind-generated sea waves measured in transitional waters of the Burgas Bay at the Bulgarian Black Sea. Wave measurements were acquired by Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler at two locations offshore Kraymorie and Chernomorets at water depths of approx. 15 m and 18 m, respectively. At each location, data were recorded for about three and a half months in winter seasons of 2021-2022 in front of Chernomorets and in 2022-2023 offshore Kraymorie, when stor...

Echinacea purpurea is a herbaceous plant that is 80-150 cm tall. [1] The roots of the plant penetrate deep into the soil, they have fibrous ramifications, the rhizome is short. Its leaves are wide, lanceolate or elliptic-oblong, and the flowers are conical, have a violet color. Echinacea species are native to North America and in Europe they are cultivated as medicinal or ornamental plants. [17] The research focused on determining the photosynthetic rate in this species, using variants cultivated both in vivo and ...

Knowledge of the coastal hydrodynamics, in particular the storm induced waves, is essential for management of the extremely vulnerable coastal environment. There, wave processes dominate surge, coastal currents, sediment transport and species distribution. Therefore, it is important to have a detailed insight into the exposure of different coastal areas to wave action. The study proposes a wave exposure classification of the Bulgarian Black Sea coast according to wave climate conditions as required by the Water Fr...

Compliance with EU environmental regulations and directives regarding effluent water quality discharged is seen as the main driver for the development of wastewater treatment technologies. The Water Framework Directive, the UWWT Directive, and the Nitrates Directive require the reduction of eutrophication caused by nitrogen and phosphorus emissions. In Romania, only approx. 54% of the population is connected to centralized sewage and wastewater treatment systems, meaning that approximately 8 million inhabitants ar...