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The coal mining waste dump of Petrila in the Jiu Valley, Romania, represents a significant source of environmental hazards due to spontaneous combustion of coal residues. This study investigates the generation of nitrogen oxides (NO, NO2, and NOX), carbon dioxide (CO2), and methane (CH4) from the Petrila dump, focusing on their correlation with self-heating phenomena and internal temperature variations. Field observations were conducted on the dump, recording signs of surface smoke, elevated temperatures, and othe...

With the growing interest in using hydrogen as a clean and sustainable energy source, the processes of obtaining, transporting and storing it are becoming increasingly relevant. In the event of industrial technological breakdowns, rapid and efficient intervention in hazardous environments requires the selection of specialized personnel, capable of operating in extreme conditions. Interventions in potentially explosive atmospheres require not only rigorous technical training, but also optimal physical and psycholog...

In light of the current challenges faced by rescuers during intervention operations, it is essential to place special emphasis on modernizing training infrastructure. Rescuers are often exposed to difficult and unpredictable conditions, whether operating in surface industries or underground environments. Adequate training and constant updates of training equipment are fundamental to ensuring both efficiency and safety in emergency interventions. The use of modern equipment and advanced technologies not only enhanc...

In the case of dangerous incidents produced in industrial technological processes, where hydrogen is used, their mastery requires, in addition to a personnel servicing the facilities properly trained for such situations, the participation of professional staff for interventions in dangerous environments. The activity of intervention and rescue in special conditions, in potentially explosive areas due to the appearance of hydrogen can be carried out exclusively by specialized personnel trained and authorized in thi...

It is essential to adopt appropriate prevention measures to protect workers operating in confined spaces. Working in confined spaces poses a risk factor for accidents or unwanted events with an impact on human health. Implementation of good practice rules in these situations is a mandatory preventive measure. A confined space is any location not intended for regular work, has entry or exit restrictions, is under atmospheric pressure, has inadequate ventilation, a risk of drowning or suffocation, a contaminated atm...

Since ancient times, chromium oxide was used 2000 years ago by the Chinese to cover the tips of weapons and later, as late as 1988, hexavalent chromium was discovered to be dangerous to humans. Currently, many companies carry out chrome plating of plastic parts, which consists in creating a superficial layer of diffusion, of an iron-chromium alloy with up to 10 - 20% chromium. Coating by electrolytic deposition is the most widely used method for creating protective layers for plastic materials and consists in elec...

Resilience is an essential psychological trait for rescuers, as their work involves responding to emergencies and disasters in challenging and often dangerous environments. In the case of rescuers, resilience enables them to remain calm and focused under pressure, cope with the physical and emotional demands of their job, and recover from the traumatic experiences they may encounter in the course of their work. Rescuers often face a range of stressful and challenging situations, such as working in confined spaces,...

Managing emergencies is a complex task, which involves precise coordination of many activities and people, as well as fast decision-making in environments in which critical, vital information can often be lacking. From a technical and technological point of view, in spite of all advances encountered in most industrial branches, accidents with human casualties and material damage can still occur. For this reason, the presence of special intervention and rescue teams within certain industrial/ economic units is esse...

In recent years, virtual reality developers have managed to create an artificial environment that can simulate reality so that the user has the impression of an almost real physical presence in the virtual world. By overlapping and synchronizing projected images with spatial sounds and even with forces that interact with the user, the user is detached from the real environment and an all-encompassing involvement in the virtual world occurs. Virtual reality is frequently present in aviation, medicine, military trai...

Usually, only a part of the work capacity is spent in the professional activity, being materialized as products and services made/accomplished within the work process. However, there are also instances, in extreme cases, when total work capacity needs to be engaged, thus an important body reserve being used. Work capacity is represented by the totality of an individual’s (physical, mental, intellectual) possibilities to perform a useful activity at an optimal level of intensity and efficiency. One of the most impo...

Stress agents are only potentially stressful, generating psychological stress only under certain conditions, even if some of them are able of generating stress reactions in most individuals. Therefore, effects of stressors depend not only on their own characteristics but also on attributes of the subject receiving their action such as quality and breadth of emotional responses, adaptive strategies available and mobilized in the created interaction etc. Specific responses to a situation that potentially endangers l...

Both surface but especially underground rescue activities in industrial environments presenting risk of explosive / flammable or toxic gases, are difficult because of major risk of fires or explosions in a very short time. Dense smoke can make rescue work even more difficult and time becomes an extremely important factor, especially when workers are caught in the affected area and it is assumed that they could be alive. The technological development of last years has allowed the miniaturization of equipment and oc...

The decisive factor in the process of under pressure networks inspection is determined by the correct choice of the control method in order to observe with great attention the possible faults caused by the physical wear and tear resulting from the long use. Emphasis is placed on safety conditions of under pressure equipment, which include mandatory minimum technical requirements for periodic checking of under pressure networks for pressurized, liquefied or dissolved gas. Defectoscopy is a set of procedures used to...

In our century and especially in recent decades the noise level reached an increasing width, becoming a polluting source of the same severity as chemical pollution. Increasing power and work speed of equipments has contributed to diversifying and increasing the number of noise sources and thus increased number of people exposed. Noise generating sources in technological procedures of processing may be of continuous nature (pneumatic energy production, water transport) or intermittent (systems for transporting mine...