
Publication
ISTANBUL (BOSPORUS) IMMERSED TUBE TUNNEL AND SURVEY WORKS
(Stef92 Technology, 2011-06-20, Erol Yavuz)
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The railway lines in both sides of Istanbul have been connected to each other by an underwater tunnel passing through the Bosphorus . This type of tunnel is known as immersed tube tunnel. Immersed tube tunne l is a part of MARMARAY project that is continued nowadays. MARMARAY is a rail transport project in Istanbul. It consists of the construction of an undersea rail tunnel under the Bosphorus strait. Suburban rail lines along the Sea of Marmara from Halkal Д± on the European side to Gebze on the Asian side will b...
Geodesy and Mine Surveying2011
