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Prediction of the effects of underground mining on the surface is connected with the necessity to verify the coefficients of the theoretical calculation of movements and deformations of the slope of a subsidence trough. One of the methods used to verify the coefficients of the theoretical calculation is the reverse evaluation of theoretical drops verified from the results of direct measurements of movements of surface points. The resulting movement of the surface point is resolved into a horizontal component (shif...

With the advance of mining to greater depths, the fully protecting safety pillar of shafts is progressively diminishing. Thus a certain part of the mineshaft and of the protected area on the surface is influenced by undermining. In such a case, it is necessary to assess the expected effect of mining on the mineshaft and the surface objects in relation to the preservation of their stability. Subsequently, it is necessary to carry out direct measurements of movements, and, if the case may be, deformations both in th...