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The main purpose of the publication was to show the differences in revenues, costs and profits when using manure directly as a fertilizer (after storage) or as a substrate for a biogas plant equipped with a cogeneration unit, and then using the digestate for fertilization purposes. The comparison includes cost, revenue and profit streams throughout the year. It also takes into account the introduction of additional co-substrates in order to increase the yield of biogas (biomethane), and thus the profits from the f...

The article presents standard and alternative methods of managing sewage sludge and the biodegradable fraction of municipal waste. The work focuses on sewage sludge and bio-waste not contaminated with heavy metals. The absence of the abovementioned impurities enables their processing that they can become a valuable product with high fertilizer value. In the work, special emphasis was placed on techniques similar to natural, i.e. composting and vermicomposting. These two methods are most widely described because th...

This article presents the potential of biochar used in wastewater treatment processes and sludge management in small installations - for the maximum maintained number of users equal to 50. The possibilities of two substances used in sewage management processes, such as char and biochar will be presented. These substances, produced from pyrolysis, are stable carbon-rich compounds which have various beneficial applications like soil conditioning, remediation and wastewater treatment. In particular, biochar originati...