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Due to the continuously growing of industrialization and businesses in this new era of globalization the interaction with society and the environment put unknown marks on both sides. Human development through industrialization, especially in the twentieth century, represents an intrusion into the overall balance that maintains the earth as a habitable place. Interaction between industry and the environment tends to become increasingly complex. Efforts improving human standard living, through the control of nature ...

In the past decades, cities have become the engines of national economic growth. Globalization has a significant effect on urban areas, forcing them to compete for international business with other cities around the world and their countries. It is estimated that by 2050, more than 80% of the worldпїЅs population will live in urban areas. In order to meet the environmental challenges posed by this changes, cities will need to reduce pollution levels and use resources more efficiently. It will need reliable tools t...

Cities are facing to a new environmental threat, namely the growing quantity and the complexity of waste. Waste generation rates have increased rapidly due to urbanization and industrialization. Per capita waste generation rates in many developing countries have nowadays exceeded one kilogram per day. In most OECD (The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development) countries, municipal solid waste generation rates are slightly above one-kilogram per capita. Moreover, the population growth and urbanization...