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When infrastructural routes pass through sites with a long-term natural balance, landslide processes may be instigated. The reason is the human intervention. The scale of this intervention is usually sufficient to break the balance border between the admissible human intervention and nature. Crossing this frontier is followed by increased expenditures and termination of construction activities. The subject of this paper covers not only the measures for the ecological balance to be efficiently restored. Attention i...

The mineral springs are deep but they cause spills near to the ground surface. In ancient times, buildings have been erected at the level of the spills, and water has been used for heating. Nowadays, the ground surface is some 12 m over the mineral water spills. The structures of the new metropolitan railway are 15-20 m under the ground surface which means that they have to pass through Pliocene clays soften by the mineral water. These specific geological conditions require a specific approach of underground const...

Building of double bridges with doubling of railways in Bulgaria may generate conflicts at the points where they cross rivers. The conflict is arising usually by the approach of investors and designers to subordinate the river to the functions of the facility, without enough studies and preventive measures. The lack of solution of the conflict leads to more expenditures for correction, strengthening and maintaining of the river bed. The aim of the paper is to propose recommendations how bridges shall not create wa...

The subject of the paper is a landslide process near Sofia, which endangers the international railway traffic to Greece. Sliding arises out of a lack of measures for drainage. The intensive landslide process should be overcome in three stages: 1/ prompt measures for the active slide prevention combined with earthfill abutment with a retaining wall; 2/ building of drainage structures, and 3/ reinforcement of the earth bed under the railroad. The approach for getting the landslide processes under control is demonstr...

The noise is an essential ecological problem for ventilation shafts. For the time being, mine administrations have reacted to the complaints of the population with palliative measures. These measures usually included a noise barrier (timber-metal structure) positioned in front of the ventilator or air vent. A radical structural intervention taking into account all components of the ventilation block is necessary for the solution of the problem. The structural solution should meet a number of criteria for adequate ...

The construction boom along the Black Sea coast in Bulgaria made the contractors to seek sites near to precipices and landslide areas. Under these extreme geotechnical conditions, the construction has three basic aspects: 1/ Stability of slopes should be durably guaranteed; 2/ The connection between the leisure zone and the sea should be optimally designed, and 3/ The safety of people at the beach should be secured. A complex structural approach is necessary in order for the problems to be solved. It should includ...

The fast pace of global warming is the reason why housing is not sufficiently adapted to climate change. It is mainly expressed as hurricanes, flash floods, high solar radiation. The inclination of Earth’s axis combined with the Earth’s core overheating brings about strong earthquakes and tzunami waves. In order to adapt residential buildings to the dynamics of disasters, their design criteria should be updated. The criteria are related to the spatial planning, construction, heating, drainage and ground streng...

The fast pace of global warming is the reason why geotechnical structures are not sufficiently adapted to climate change. The storm winds, flash floods and sea level rise accelerate the landslide and erosion processes. This is the reason why the protective structures will be mostly of two kinds – landslide protection and coast-protection structures. In order for the geotechnical structures to better adapt to the dynamics of landslide and erosion processes, the criteria for their design should be updated. Criteri...

The intensified landslide activity in the last decade is due to two factors –lagging behind of the legislation for strengthening, and the reduced control on design and construction. In the paper, this subject is supported by investigations and examples from practice. In result, specific changes are suggested in the legislation for geo-protective construction in landslide areas, as well as measures for strengthening of the technological control in the design and realization of the strengthening activities.