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Biodiversity can be defined as the diversity of ecosystems, expressed as symbioses, habitats, landscapes, species diversity and genetic diversity within species, i.e. the totality of the gene pool that constitutes nature at the global level. In the current period, but especially in the last half century, there has been a steady loss of biodiversity with major consequences for the living world and severe impacts on human society. Biodiversity is a fundamental basis for human existence and humanity is itself a part ...