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The area under study is located in east Azerbaijan and southwest of Ardabil. In this area the volcanic rocks are placed over the Oligocene and lower Miocene clastic sedimentary rocks and under lower Pliocene epiclastic sedi ments. Therefore, their age is middle and upper Miocene. These volcanic rocks have been extruded in dome shape from the fissures of an eruptive caldera. These domes are rich in silica. From the boundary to the center of caldera, these domes are categorized into three types with regard to their ...