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Climate change is affecting forests both directly ? via increased frequency and/or severity of meteorological conditions, impacting tree growth and/or survival (e.g. wind storms, drought spells etc.) ? and indirectly ? via improved conditions for diseases and pests. Also interaction between the biotic and abiotic factors plays an important role. It is important to consider these circumstances in forest management policies to ensure that forest owners remain interested (financially motivated) in forest management. ...

A major factor which affects the structure, function, and dynamics of forest ecosystems can be beyond climate, the use of the land, respectively land-cover change and pollution loading. The forest ecosystems can be affected by pollution, by alteration of biotic and abiotic properties even if they are at a great distance from the urban area. Human socio-demographic changes are the primary drivers of urbanization, and pollution and in turn, these patterns are influenced by the climate change and geography. Also, hum...

The paper deals with applying of the GIS tools to assessment of the historical changes and future predictions of landscape structure in cultural landscape ? study area Olomouc Archdiocese region (east part of the Czech Republic). European cultural landscapes have been significantly influenced by human activities in the past. Despite of it cultural landscapes in Europe are important as a part of European cultural heritage. This is a reason that cultural landscapes are in the focus of multidisciplinary research, joi...

The main subject of the paper is the spatial and temporal variability of biometeorological conditions in the north-western part of Poland during the period from 1951 to 2015. Bioclimate constitutes an important element of human life. Extreme phenomena are of importance. The occurrence of unfavourable biometeorological conditions according to Apparent Temperature (AT) was analysed. AT is expressed as the temperature which, under reference humidity conditions, determined by the dew point temperature equal to 14?, pr...

Snow blizzards and snow drifts have recently proven as major winter threat for the road traffic, communications and social life in northeast Bulgaria. The geographical location of these regions with respect to the tracks of the winter Mediterranean cyclones and cold advections from north and northeast makes them indeed prone to this risk, but one would like to know if there is a significant rise in their number and severity. The main goal of the current study is exactly the investigation of the contemporary tenden...

The paper presents the results of the research on contemporary permafrost dynamics associated with climate changes in Eastern Chukotka region (Chukotsky peninsula) and its impact on indigenous peoples? communities. The studies are based on the field monitoring works and geodetic measurements within several settlements as well as remote sensing data analysis and statistical results processing. The reasons of permafrost exogenous processes dynamics were indicated. The research was shown that the main threats for the...

Every year, the environment suffers from flooding, droughts, storm surges and other natural hazards, causing major damages and costs to society. Climate change will drastically increase the impact of these disasters and their consequences in the next few decades. Governments and project developers try to cope with these new conditions by implementing technocratic and landscape-led measures in their new urban development projects. However, it is often unclear if these efforts will lead to the desired effects and wi...

The snow cover is a climatic element, which exerts significant influence on the energy balance and the water circle of the Earth. The exact description of its characteristics is important in each meteorological, climate, hydrological and surface models and especially when assessing the snow water equivalent (SWE) and the threats which it poses. Snow accumulated in the mountain regions from early autumn to late spring is an important water resource, feeding lakes, rivers, reservoirs, groundwater and hydro-electric ...

Environmental Citizenship is a key factor in EU's growth strategy (Europe 2020) and its vision for Sustainable Development and Green and Circular economy. Significant behavior change amongst both individuals and organizations is required in order to meet Europe?s sustainability objectives and climate change targets. At a general level, policies aimed at changing behavior have tended to rely on two aspects: the introduction of fiscal measures and statutory legislation or market-based measures. Unfortunately, relati...

The main problems faced by any city at present are: reduction of natural resources, environmental degradation, increased carbon dioxide, demographic and social changes associated with the urbanization and population growth phenomenon as well as increased frequency and size of floods urban.Stormwater collection is a strategy for adapting to climate change. This strategy has been applied by many civilizations in the history of mankind, pluvial water collection systems have met, for the first time, in areas with long...

Climate change is one of the greatest threats to the environment, the social and economic framework. In this paper we analyzed the phenomenon of climate change in the Danube Delta, Romania. In the first part of the study, we analyzed the causes and effects of climate change in this area and finally proposed some solutions to limit the effects of this phenomenon. As a research methodology we used the quantitative and qualitative analysis of the statistical data included in the Romanian Statistical Yearbooks and the...

The global influence of environmental problems has led to an increasing role of international environmental non-governmental organizations, which has become active actors on the global arena. Climate change as the serious challenge led to consolidation of efforts of states and non-governmental organizations. ?Green diplomacy? or ?environmental diplomacy? has become a part of international relations. At the first stage of our study the characteristics of the leading international environmental organizations were co...

Soils can be defined as four dimensional natural bodies, where the lithosphere, the atmosphere, the hydrosphere and the biosphere are soil ? forming factors which operate in geological time. The soil profile reflects the climate change passed during soil ? forming process. The majority actual soils are the result of a polyphasic soil development, therefore they involve in their age the climate existing in the Tertiary, especially in the Quaternary, period. Climate change is expected to have several effects on soil...

The impact of climate changes on rural areas will take place in the context of many and dynamic political, economic, social, and land-use trends, the focus being on water supply, food security, agricultural incomes and rural infrastructure. Adapting rural areas to climate changes challenges is not an easy task and involves complex and multi-dimensional processes which are developed at different scales. Adopting and implementing adaptation measures for a climate smart and resilient rural space is only a stage (whic...

In the eastern area of Romania, a hill area and a plateau, there is a very large number of small dams. These were an average age of about 40 years and were made from local materials. In the period between their implementation and 1989, these accumulations were centrally managed by local governments. Generally, these accumulations were used for irrigation, fish farming, and in secondary, they had the role of mitigating the flood waves. The fact that the accumulations were exploited by the local administrations allo...

Climate change is one of the most important issues of the 21st century. Climate change affects states ecological, economic and social aspects of sustainable development. Consequences of the climate change also depends on geographical location of countries. In this respect, the most characteristic feature of Kazakhstan is its intra-continental location in the western part of Central Asia. According to scenarios of climatologists, absence of tangible changes in amount of precipitation as well as increase in average ...

Phenology is a study of timing of event taking place in nature. In a functional ecosystem phenological phases for mutually dependent are synchronized. In a rapidly changing climate there is a risk of decoupling, that is spring development of interdependent could species proceed at different peace. We are investigating the likely timing of spring phenological phases during the last and upcoming centuries for two tree species common in northern and central Europe: bird cherry (Prunus padus known also as Padus racemo...

World is changing rapidly. We are facing new reality and challenges. New global and complex solutions are needed to adapt to future reality. Tasks about landscape are coming to the forward more and more. It is necessary to speak about role of landscape in our life. Many points of view need to take into account when we want to speak about landscape and changes which are waiting for us in next decades. Question for researchers is how to obtain the best data for the best suggestions and recommendations for policy mak...

The international conventions regarding the climate change, namely the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement, include the recommendations for international organisations that are responsible for the supervision over the transportation other than land transport. The recommendations refer to the efforts of these branches of the economy to reduce global CO2 emissions. It has been assessed that the maritime transport is the source of around 800 Mt of CO2 per year emitted to the atmosphere. Given the forecast regardin...

According to the Aridity Index (R), at the level of the Eastern Romanian Plain have been identified certain areas of aridity intensity, differentiated from the West to the East as a result of the degree of continentalism increasing, which also led to a specific geobotanic zoning (the forest area, the interference between the forest-steppe, ante-steppe and steppe). The degree of vegetation coverage is an objective indicator of susceptibility of soil and/or land to degradation processes, which are manifested on larg...

In the study it was assumed that it is possible to identify a set of geoinformation that has a mitigating or enhancing effect on financial losses caused by the occurrence of extreme weather phenomena. Among the wide group of factors of spatial, environmental, agroclimatic and economic natures, a ten-element set of geoinformation which affects the vulnerability of the area used for agricultural purposes to the resulting financial losses was identified. Thanks to the selected group of characteristics it was possible...