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In the polluted area with emissions from Zlatna metallurgical plant, more than 50,000 ha of agricultural and forestry land has been affected by pollution over a time period of 200 years. Approximately 5,000 ha from these lands were severe and extremely polluted. The vegetation was completely destroyed on more than 2,000 ha, leading to intense erosion processes. The forest vegetal cover was completely destroyed, and the trees had some dry branches, spots on leaves, bark burns and even completely destroyed, the oak ...

Organic biopolymers represent a source of raw material for agriculture, because the composition of protean wastes provides enough elements to improve composition and rehabilitation of degraded soils. The main target of this scientific paper is investigating the development possibilities for various multicompound systems of biodegradable polymers and studying the effects of these complex products on the structure and chemical and physical characteristics of degraded or contaminated soils (having a poor level of org...

Romania has realized that potential risks arising from anthropogenic activities with a possible significant impact on human health, soil quality, groundwater and surface water. Therefore concerns for soil protection, sustainable use of its conservation and restoration capacity where possible / necessary to its fulfillment as many functions show a significant upward trend. In the process of harmonizing national policies with the European Union policies and transposing and implementing EU rules and regulations, the ...

Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are found almost in all components of the environment, where they originate from the production of energy, waste combustion, road transport, metallurgical processes, etc. The most serious impact of PAHs is their carcinogenicity, the main cause of lung gastrointestinal tract cancer, and in the event of a skin contact, they may cause skin cancer. The paper presents the results of the 2002 and 2013 soil monitoring in urban areas. The samples were taken from the layer under the permane...

This study aimed to establish if the dried shredded leaves of Acer platanoides could represent an adequate food for earthworm Eisenia fetida (Savigny 1826) (red wiggler worm). The study was carried out in laboratory conditions and its aims were to determine the influence of this food on three biological parameters of earthworm Eisenia fetida (survival, weight, and prolificacy), and to reveal the changes appearing into the soil in the presence of this earthworm species, fed or not with shredded leaves of Acer plata...

The importance of developing educational activities in a clean environment is a major requirement and necessity from the perspective of providing optimal conditions for stimulating creativity and personal development. Thus, the need for a clean area in terms of urban pollution requires a profound understanding of environmental factors (soil, noise) with significant impact on both the population and the environment. As such, we have proposed to carry out specific pollution analyzes that could be found in the ?tiin?...

The aim of the work is to study the levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in a 20-cm layer of soils in the Novocherkassk energy plant (NEP) emission zone, based on the results of monitoring studies conducted in 2017. In order to study the PAHs levels in the soils of the anthropogenic emission zone an annual sampling of soil samples of 10 monitoring sites located at a distance of 1-20 km from the NEP was carried out. Samples of soils were selected from a depth of 0-5 and 5-20 cm. In the selected soil sa...

Forest fires have an impact on forest stands, atmosphere and soils in forested areas. Many authors have established that the thermal effect on the near-surface layer of soil can have a negative impact both on the soil itself and the further development of grass stands and forest stands. It is necessary to develop systems for geoinformation monitoring, taking into account the thermophysical processes in the soil layer at the level of mathematical models. It is necessary to conduct experiments to verify such models....

The high level of environmental ?ontamination is a stress factor for plants, which causes an integrated nonspecific response aimed at the survival of biosystems due to the formation of protecting mechanisms. The effect of long-term chemical contamination of soils on the growth and structure of reed (Phragmites australis Cav.) roots and stems has been investigated. Soils and plants on monitoring plots in the zone of sediment ponds of chemical plants were studied. The area under study is located in the Severskii Don...

The influence of fertilization with nitrogen (N) at doses of 40, 80, 120, 160 kg/ha and phosphorus (P) at doses of 40, 80, 120, 160 kg/ha was studied in a long-term experiment on a Haplic Phaeozems. The results obtained showed the following: the applied nitrogen doses did not significantly influence the humus content in the soil; simultaneous application of 80-160 kg/ha P and 40-160 kg/ha N generated distinctly and very significant increases in the hummus and total nitrogen content of the soil. Ammonium nitrate ca...

The soil is one of the most complex natural systems of Earth. By its features, the soil reflects the impact of clime, flora, fauna, human activity and topography on bedrock from which the soil was formed during various periods of time, being considered an indicator of environment evolution. The soil degradation means the quantitative and qualitative diminishing of the current potential yielding capacity of soil that contributes to the production of goods and services as a result of some unfavorable evolution, by d...

Recent studies emphasized rather skeptical views shared by the Romanian stakeholders with regard to the public recognition of the central role of soil resources for assuring food security as well as the fundamental role that soils play in climate change adaptation. As stakeholder views are particularly important for understanding their values and needs, the paper aims to explore the perceptions with regard to soil quality, soil threats as well as the existence and effectives of the national and European policies o...

The aim of the study is to determine the distribution of iron, manganese, zinc and copper, essential microelements in the soil - fruit system, in an unpolluted area from the west of Romania. The studied area soil is described by coarse texture, a moderately acidic reaction, low humus supply, moderate with phosphorus and potassium (mobile forms), and a low saturation degree. Theoretically, on such soil the mobility of the microelements is quite high, and they can be easily translocated into the plant. Iron, mangane...

Arid ecosystems occupy large areas in the world and perform important ecological functions to maintain the biodiversity and stability of natural ecosystems. In this article, we present the results of the research on the change in the activity of catalase and dehydrogenases when the soils of the arid ecosystems of the Southern Russia are polluted by zinc: dark chestnut, chestnut, light chestnut, brown semidesert and sandy soil. Zinc was added to the soil in the amount of 300, 3,000 and 30,000 mg/kg (1, 10 and 100 m...

The article aims at analysing the content of heavy metals in plants in two rural administrative units of Psary and P?oki which are located in the western part of the Ma?opolska province in Poland. These areas have been heavily transformed by the mining and processing industries. It was found that the content of cadmium in the plant material slightly exceeded the permissible standard of the element for animal feed in accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development [1], therefore ...

The industrial activity of the last century has led to the severe environment pollution, especially in the areas where mining and smelting processes were involved. The impact of atmospheric emissions from the metallurgical plants was detected at great distances from the emission source. The main units for the processing of non-ferrous ores (in Romania) were located in Baia Mare (Maramures county ? MM), Copsa Mica (Sibiu county ? SB) and Zlatna (Alba county ? AB). In the Alba and Maramures counties there was and st...

The uncertainty of methods for determining the heavy metal compounds, as well as problems in the comparison of the methods used, require further studies in this field. The aim of research is to study the fractional composition of Cu and Zn compounds in soil under model contamination conditions using different fractional methods. Chernozem Haplic was artificially contaminated with Cu and Zn acetates at rate of 300 mg kg ?1. Distribution of Cu forms in soil at the use of sequential fractionation by the Miller method...

The aim of his research finds its origins in today?s increasingly scientific and practical preocupation regarding regarding the accumulation of knowledge regarding the characteristics of the natural frame and its local peculiarities, as elements that define Land Fund structure and quality of soils to determine the specifics of the ecological productivity of land and the possible pressure on them. The importance of the subject derives from the fact the theme tackled between the factors and environmental conditions ...

Chernozem soil-type forms 11% of the agricultural land fund in the Czech Republic. It is located in the driest and warmest regions of the Czech Republic. It occurs up to an altitude of 300 m a. s. l. with an average annual temperature of 8 °C and an annual precipitation of 450 - 650 mm. The very thick humus horizon was formed by the accumulation of humus under the steppe or forest-steppe vegetation. In the Czech Republic, such land is exclusively used for agricultural purposes. Therefore, its character of steppe s...

Mountainous Dagestan (Eastern Caucasus, Russia) is one of the world centers of terraced arable farming. Long history of agricultural development of the region led to significant changes in the soil forming conditions and resulted to increase in the volumes of the soil layer. As an example of the effects of terraced farming on the soils ballance, we investigated a set of agricultural terraces near the Jaba village (41.423614, 47.776390) in the Dagestan Republic of Russian Federation (Eastern Caucasus). The terraced...

The aim of this article is assessment biochar bioremediation potential in the benzo[a]pyrene artificially contaminated Haplic Chernozem with various doses of benzo[a]pyrene (200, 400 and 800 ?g/kg) equivalent to 10, 20 and 40 levels of maximal permissible concentrations (MPC) and 1-5% biochar amendment. The main subject of this study is to research the most effective dose of biochar amendment in benzo[a]pyrene contaminated soil in a model experiment with chernozem. The content of benzo[a]pyrene in soil was determi...

The article presents scientific researches for level of soil contamination by deicing agents at the roadside close to the railway in the city of Arkhangelsk (Russia). The selected sections of the motor road are located above and below the railway embankment. The paper describes the procedure for sampling and determining content of the chemical elements in the roadside soil. We have estimated the content of the chemical elements in the composition of deicing agents in the roadside soil. We have examined and determi...

The estuarine region of the Don River is a unique area occupied by a complex natural-technogenic system of interacting natural, urbanized, and agrarian ecosystems. The aim of this work was to study the level and degree of mobility of heavy metals (HMs) in the soil-plant system and to perform bioindication observations in the Don River estuarine region and the Russian sector of the Taganrog Bay coast. The soil cover is represented by following soils types: Fluvisols, Haplic Chernozem, Arenosol, Solonchak. The follo...

The exploitation of petroleum deposits in Romania within the ?icleni Petroleum Structure is based on the technological process consisting of drilling for exploration (exploration wells) or for extraction (extraction wells) in three phases. As a consequence of the direct or indirect discharge of crude oil and salted water, the quality of the soil and of the groundwater is affected by petroleum hydrocarbons, chlorides, gases and other organic compounds. Biodegradation is an effective method for decontamination of so...

The aim of this article is assessment of the PAHs bioavailability and phytotoxicity on benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) example in model experiment with Haplic Chernozem and that spiked with various doses of BaP (20, 200, 400 and 800 ?g/kg) equivalent to 1, 10, 20 and 40 levels of maximal permissible concentrations (MPC) planted with spring barley (Hordeum sativum distichum). The main subject of this study is to research the bioindication of BaP contaminated soil in a model experiment to quantify the main features of BaP accu...

Soil pollution with heavy metals is a major global environmental problem for many ecosystems. The exploitation and processing of non-ferrous ores are one of the most important anthropogenic sources of soils contamination with heavy metals. Romania is a rich country in mineral resources, therefore it has a long history of their exploitation. In this regard, there are several areas for the non-ferrous ores extraction, and one of them is located in the Metaliferi Mountains, where the tradition in gold, silver and oth...