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On the territory of Romania, there are large salt deposits grouped on either side of the Carpathian mountains. Made up of over 300 large salt deposits covering an area of about 30,000 km2. The Trotus mine within the Targu Ocna Saltworks Branch was opened and put into operation in 1971, with the objective of dry salt exploitation, using the mining method with small chambers and abandoned square pillars, with a vaulted ceiling. Currently, Salina Trotu? has 14 horizons: 2 at the level of the Pilot mine and 12 at the ...

Because the occupational risk expressed the possibility of ending up in a (possible) danger of injury and/or occupational illness, it can represent a criterion of qualitative appreciation of the accomplishment of a human action, indicating how it may produce undesirable effects, materialized by human and material damage. The risk associated with a human action is determined by a multitude of risk factors, both of internal nature (manifested by human error) and of an external nature (technical equipment and related...

The main role of ventilation systems and especially air conditioning systems is to create indoor conditions and air quality inside the rooms that are independent of external atmospheric influences. The sizing of ventilation systems and especially of air conditioning systems is done, in most cases, by considering the climatic elements as a basis for calculation. The real limit to air quality insurance it consists in maintaining in the air certain concentrations of harmful substances which do not endanger human heal...

The analysis of development systems used in mining in coal pits of the permafrost zone is carried out. The intensive development of deposits over the past decades has led to large-scale landscape disturbances, the reasons for which are a significant increase in the scale of open pit mining, surface disruption by mining, dumps, technological sites, hydraulic structures, as well as environmental pollution for a long period. Attempts to reduce landscape disturbances using land-saving technologies, systematizing trans...

The need to take into account the temperature regime as one of the main factors determining the stability of natural and artificial slopes in the permafrost zone is caused by the dependence of the strength properties of rocks on their temperature. In the frozen state, almost all rocks have a high bearing capacity, providing the ability to select effective open-cast mining parameters based on technological requirements. Mining operations violate the thermal regime of rocks in the instrument part of the quarries. As...

The pre-Caspian basin has been formed from Paleozoic to Cenozoic time and the Kashagan field is situated in the southern part of Pre-Caspian depression in the Southern flung of Astrakhan-Aktyubinsk elevation system of basal complex and associated with Tengiz- Kashagan interbasin carbonate platform. The platform is composed of separate carbonate early Carboniferous blocks resting on the common Devonian (late Fransian-Fammenian) carbonate base. Four of them are: Kashagan, Kashagan South-West, Aktote and Kairan are l...

The main goal of core analysis is to reduce uncertainty in reservoir evaluation by providing data representative of the reservoir at in-situ conditions. Core analysis has to be integrated with field and production data to minimize reservoir uncertainties that cannot be addressed with other data sources such as well logging, well testing or seismic. These requirements define the coring objectives, core handling and core analysis scheme. These objectives cannot be achieved by coring a single well. Coring program is ...

The completion string is the most important component in petroleum production system and should be designed and installed precisely, and maintained properly. If the well suffers scale production problem the importance is multiplied. In this study the four major completion techniques commonly used for non-organic depositions is introduced. The subject has been case studied for one of southern Iranian oil wells with inorganic material production problem. The simulations were run using the Prosper software, and were ...

Determining the optimal location of wells with the aid of an automated search method can significantly increase a project’s net present value as modeled in a reservoir simulator. This work addresses the efficient solution of this problem by using advanced techniques for coupling two important components of autonomic optimization: Dynamic model using Eclipse simulator software (E100), an optimization technique based on the genetic algorithm (GA). Profits and costs during the time period of the project were taken ...

Reservoir fracturing or fissuring is a natural phenomenon and a major factor in many Oil engineering studies. The factors that cause the Reservoir to fracture were analyzed in Tabnak Anticline, in Fars province of Iran using the borehole images information (EMI). A nonlinear simulation and assessment model of reservoir fracturing was established using the artificial neural network (ANN) technology to simulate the structure and function of the neural network (NN) of the human brain with engineering technology. The ...

Currently, continuous gas lift has a significant contribution for the purpose of petroleum production from those wells that have low production rates or those that have ceased their production. Therefore, production engineers are constantly finding the ways for optimizing this type of system. Superior designs are achieved when important parameters are optimized prior to system implementation. Optimization of gas injection into the annulus and also the tubing size are of the most important parameters. The functiona...

Bubble-point pressure, gas solubility and viscosity of oils are of the most important parameters in use for petroleum and chemical engineers. In this study a simple-to-use; straight-forward mathematical model is correlated on a set of 94 crude oil data. The correlation is achieved based on an exponential regression. The results are compared with variety of conventional empirical correlations and have also been evaluated by comparison with 12 laboratory data other than those used for the regression. It has been con...

In this study, the water content of the base sediments and rocks under an abandoned small waste water dam in Selcuk University campus in Konya was monitored. This small dam was planned to construct for the beneficiation of the waste water of Selcuk University main campus. After usage of a few mouths, the dam was demolished by campus authorities due to its water leakage through its base sediments. The study presented here contains the work done to determine water localization in the base rocks in front of the dam. ...