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The average pattern of weather, called climate, usually stays pretty much the same for centuries if it is left to itself. However, the earth is not being left alone. There is now very strong evidence that significant global warming can’t be explained by natural causes alone. Humans are changing the climate by their actions, especially through emissions of greenhouse gases, like carbon dioxide, which artificially warm the atmosphere of the earth. Scientific studies showed that climate change is fact not a myth or...

Many hydrological models have been developed by researchers to simulate watersheds’ hydrologic behavior. In the aspect of robustness and suitability of models to a certain watershed depends on the watershed’s conditions which are flatness, storage capacity of surface, climate, precipitation distribution and water table level. The success of model predictions related with the selection of the model which will be used for certain watershed. This comparative study investigates various hydrological models’ stren...

There are 25 main river basins in Turkey. Konya Closed Basin (KCB) is 4th biggest basin according to its precipitation area which is about 53 850 km2. The area consists of two closed sub-basins those are referred to as Salt Lake Basin and Konya Basin. Disruption of the natural hydrological regimes and over-consumption of freshwater resources pose the principal threats to the wetlands, salt lakes and freshwater bodies. Irrigation schemes have diverted water from the streams that feed scattered freshwater resources ...

In this study leachate from solid waste landfill in Konya Municipal area was used. Landfill occupies 24 ha area with an average height of 8 m in the total area of 350 ha at the present time. The amount of solid waste generated is about 800-850 tons/day in summer and 950-1,000 tons/day in winter months yielding the average leachate flow rates of about 100 m3/day. The main characteristics of the leachate are chemical oxygen demand in the range of 7,500-55,000 mg/L, biological oxygen demand after 5 days of 4,000-36,5...

Collection, transport, transfer, recycling and proper disposal of solid waste is an essential issue for the local authorities of large metropolitan areas. Turkey, especially in the metropolitan cities like Konya, has been combatting with the same problem, changing the institutional structure of the national policy and the necessary legislation about the solid waste management and the implementation of the recyling-recovery programs to reduce the amount of the solid waste to be disposed of at the sanitary landfills...