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The present study investigates water consumption patterns in 11 secondary and high school buildings in Sofia, Bulgaria, and evaluates the adequacy of the current regulatory requirements for this category of public buildings. Water consumption and pressure were monitored at one-minute intervals during two annual two-week measurement campaigns for each facility, resulting in a database covering 368 days. Water losses were identified through minimum night flow analysis and excluded from the assessment of effective wa...

The retention of rainwater runoff through green roofs provides a number of positive effects in achieving resilient urban infrastructure. The most significant benefits include adaptation to climate changes, such as alternating between intense rainfall and droughts, as well as reduced capital and operational expenditures for sewer systems. The primary objective of this research is to analyze the mitigation effect on the run-off from an extensive green roof in the Sofia (Bulgaria) area for the first time. To accompli...

At present moment, Bulgarian regulatory documents lack rainfall hyetographs that can be used in computer models of sewer networks. In the conditions of climate change and the occurrence of extreme precipitation phenomena, this leads to difficulties in the application of sewer network modeling in solving engineering problems. It is not possible to perform a normatively defined determination of hydraulically overloaded sections of the sewer network, as well as to determine the expected frequency of flooding and floo...

The design of urban drainage systems in the European Union generally follows the requirements of the EN 752 standard. Nevertheless, it uses a classical approach that aims only to convey stormwater runoff away from the settlement boundaries, thus preventing local problems. On the other hand, global tendencies are oriented towards a more sustainable approach for climate-adaptive metropolitan infrastructure. To address problems like urban expansion, expected future heavy rainfall events, sewer overloading, flooding, ...