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Here we show how a lattice Boltzmann based approach accurately model acoustic wave propagation in strongly heterogeneous media. Rather than solving a partial-differential wave equation in a continuous medium, the lattice-Boltzmann based method directly simulates the physical processes of wave propagation: transportation, reflection and transmission. It can accurately handle sharp interfaces at any locations along lattice links, and total reflections from free surfaces or empty bubbles. I used empty and nonempty bu...

Mineral Resource management (MRM) is defined as a holistic view on mining activities at firm levels to optimise the use of these non-renewable resources. In this paper, after reviewing of related terms about MRM such as sustainable development, we combined MRM objectives at firm with government responsibilities on mine sector management, and a new applicable cause and effect framework was proposed. This framework which is based on sustainable development satisfies both of firm objectives and the governmental respo...

In this article we investigated a practical case history to define and show the differences of sand and gravel in side scan sonar images. The images were obtained by the Yellow- Fin side scan sonar instrument and processed with related software. The sound transmitted by the DSL-120 kHz instrument travels to the seafloor, bounces off of the seafloor, returns to the instrument, and is recorded. The strength of the sound recorded by the side-scan sonar instrument converted to shades of gray. A very strong return is w...

Classification of information and data of mining in every relevant mining industry plays an important, sensitive, and undeniable role in progressive decision making procedures. Collecting this data in the form of a software collection package can be useful in providing service and information for the future mining activities and industries. Organizing of mining information on base the type of major minerals, geological setting, origin of the forming , and situation of the active and abandoned mines basically leads...

Horizontal location and interpretation of gravity anomalies plays an important role in the detection of anomalous bodies and determination of explorative boreholes location. There are various methods for interpreting of gravity anomalies, which commonly use high-pass filters. Among these, Normalized Full Gradient (NFG) method represents the full gradient of the gravity anomaly at a point divided by the average of the full gradient at the datum. This method uses Fourier series to remove deficiencies and eliminate t...

The Normalized Full Gradient (NFG) method was introduced in the mid of 1960s. This method generally uses for interpretation potential field data in order to detect gravity and magnetic anomalies. The NFG value represents the full gradient of the magnetic anomaly at a point divided by the average of the full gradient at the datum. The closed maxima on a NFG map indicate the occurrence and the horizontal locations of the centers of magnetic anomalies related to iron deposits. By means of this map, we can select bore...