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Every day, human activities generate large amounts of solid waste. To ensure the quality of the environment, waste must be further treated to prevent it from accumulation in landfills. In the case of materials that cannot be recycled or reused, such as municipal solid waste, burning in waste incineration plants to generate heat or electricity appears to be the appropriate solution of such waste disposal. However, combustion processes generate residues, such as bottom or fly ash, which must be stored. Fly ash gener...

This manuscript presents the comprehensive chemical and physical analysis of two types of biomass ashes derived from power and heat generation in order to highlight their positive parameters and properties and to propose the way for their safe reuse in the production of building materials. The analysis of biomass ashes included the assessment of chemical composition, dry matter content, loss on ignition, particle size distribution, Blaine fineness, dry powder density, specific density, pozzolanic activity, SEM mor...

With the rapid growth of the population and urbanization, the demand for industrial production has continued to increase, and industrial solid waste has become more and more abundant. Industrial solid waste mainly includes fly ashes, slags, tailings, red mud, bottom ashes and other wastes, which account for approximately 80% of the total waste produced on Earth. Industrial wastes generally contain various heavy metal components such as Pb, Zn, Cu, Cd, Cr, As, Ba and Mn. The low recycling rate of solid waste result...

A novel composite matrix composed of Portland cement (PC) and municipal solid waste incineration ash (MSWIA) was developed for the simultaneous immobilization of three heavy metals - Ba, Pb and Zn. The main motivation for the research was to exploit and reuse MSWIA to design alternative composite matrix with the ability to immobilize hazardous pollutants, such as heavy metals, which might be used as filler for the cement-based construction materials. In composition of prepared composite matrix, MSWIA was used as a...