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The increase of private car share in travels causes significant difficulties in functioning of transport systems especially in large urban agglomerations. Excessive use of cars is associated with: energy consumption, traffic congestion, negative influence on the environment (increase in noise level, increase in emission of fumes), cutting up of the neighborly bonds, road accidents, destruction of urban landscape, which in turn leads to general deterioration of the quality of urban life. The main real countermeasur...

This research work describes cost-optimal calculations for existing buildings of different categories and main building elements, as well as comparison with the existing energy requirements. Calculations are based on Directive 2010/31/EU and on the Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 244/2012 with the associated Guidelines. Those documents are used both ? for the calculation of cost-optimal energy performance for a whole building (MWh or kWh/m2 per year) and for the assessment of optimal U-value for different ...

There is salty water, such as the salt mine water of the Ostrava-Karvina detrity, in the Czech Republic, characterized by their high mineralization. Detrity water negatively affects most organisms and influence their growth processes. After long-term research, general phytoremediation ability has been found in reed. The phytoremediation ability has also been tested in laboratory conditions, by building hydroponic systems. For 8 months, hydroponics was being watered with saline and nutrient solutions "Hydroponex" a...

The growing tasks of architectural and construction activity differentiation in the Russian Federation and the world require improvement of architectural education based on the change of training technology. Creative competitions held at the Institute of Architecture, Civil Engineering and Transport of Tambov State Technical University show the relationship of the educational process of training architects (bachelors and masters), regional administration experts, students, stakeholders and the public. Examples of ...

The aim of this paper is to analyse the structural, physical and biochemical features of Prunus spinosa fruits harvested from different locations in the N-E region of Romania. Fruits samples have been analysed through specific techniques and methods of the light microscopy. For the comparative description of the epi- and mesocarp from harvested fruits, measurements for specific parameters were made using the Minitab 18 software. Physical and biochemical parameters analysed were: the height of the fruit; the diamet...

Recycling of spoil and demolition wastes is in general complicated process, that require quality processing technology connected with equipment designed for those purposes. During recycling is important factor perfect separation of spoil and demolition waste. Mainly separation of individual components of such waste as glass, plastics, metal parts, wood etc. From concrete, bricks, asphalt and similar construction material. Separated components are utilized by their type. It is necessary to not have dangerous admixt...

In this paper, a pipeline implementing a multi-scale approach that can be used for modelling different steps of aerogel production is presented. Closely integrated modules for aerogel structures generation, properties prediction and adsorption, diffusion and chromatography processes modelling provide various options for systematic and comprehensive study of aerogels by performing computational experiments, which allows to reduce number of laboratory experiments. The results of pipeline validation are presented for...

The economic development of organizations in the modern business space is characterized by high environmental risks, caused both by the expansion of eco-standards, and by the increase in resource consumption associated with the development of industry and the tightening of requirements for the quality of life. In this regard, the role of resource taxes in the formation of budgets and financial results of organizations (enterprises) is growing. Taxes, like built-in regulators, are used by the state to stimulate the...

Organic biopolymers represent a source of raw material for agriculture, because the composition of protean wastes provides enough elements to improve composition and rehabilitation of degraded soils. The main target of this scientific paper is investigating the development possibilities for various multicompound systems of biodegradable polymers and studying the effects of these complex products on the structure and chemical and physical characteristics of degraded or contaminated soils (having a poor level of org...

Romanian forest and vinicultural ecosystems were strongly affected by climatic changes, especially during the last two decades. The main changes manifested in the health state of these ecosystems were analysed based on data from national monitoring, forest management plans, as well as from national forest statistics (in the case of forests). Furthermore, harmful insects were inventoried and captured with adhesive yellow traps and analysed together with moths captured with traps containing Atrabot synthetical sexua...

Originally, walls were of structural or defensive nature and that typology hasn?t changed for millennia. It can be traced back to the evolution of the human species and the shift from nomadic to sedentary societies. Along with technological progress, society development, urban growth and other factors, new challenges were placed on walls. Today, walls are used for protection against environmental risk rather than robberies or military troops. In the paper the basic typology of walls ? the one of territorial protec...

The paper describes technology of monitoring a joist slab used in a single-family residential building constructed in the Polytech system. Prefabricated units made from a modified mortar based on expanded polystyrene derived from recycling were used to manufacture building walls. The joist slab is based on prefabricated walls, by means of a reinforced concrete tie beam. In order to control the tie beam under realistic conditions, a monitoring technology was suggested that involved introducing fiber Bragg gratings ...

The necessity and opportunity of research by fast and efficient remote sensing methods and means derives from the fact that pratological investigation involves a great deal of time and resources, repeated missions on the ground and the involvement of a larger number of specialists. With the advanced technique (remote sensing methods and means), the main purpose of this study is to monitor grassland in the analyzed area and quantify the chlorophyll concentration of plants on the basis of the Normalized Difference V...

Lignin as a by-product of chemical or biochemical processing of wood is usually burned to generate energy. However, its use as a source of chemicals and materials is considered more promising. Treatment of lignin with nitric acid is used in practice for its depolymerization. In our study, we investigated the treatment of Klason lignin with mixtures of concentrated nitric acid with dimethyl sulfoxide of various compositions. The effect of such treatments was evaluated by UV-Visible spectrophotometry of alkaline sol...

In the last years, due to its benefits, the syrup has gained a valuable place on the market, can be extracted from many flowers and medicinal plants, and from all kinds of fruits that can be squeezed out. Many studies have highlighted the beneficial therapeutic effect of fruit and herbal syrups as a cure for various diseases. Due to their curative properties, being good detoxifiers, general tonic and immunostimulating, the syrups have a major importance in modern food, having a dual functionality, namely that of f...

The purpose of this paper is to study some mix design on different mortar mixtures whose results aim at obtaining high mechanical strengths, especially for flexural strength, with low water absorption, to prevent material degradation due to the action of various environmental factors and also to ensure their durability. From the category of cement additions widely used in the current practice due to their pozzolanic and hydraulic activity in latent condition, we refer to silica fume (SF) which is a mineral additio...

In this study, biosorptive characteristics of mustard waste functionalized with METALSORB (which is a precipitation agent used on an industrial scale) were examined for the removal of Cu(II) ions from galvanizing industrial wastewater. Batch experiments were performed in order to study the influence of initial Cu(II) ions concentration and contact time under optimal experimental conditions, and the results were compared with those obtained on mustard waste biomass (before functionalizing treatment). Equilibrium da...

In this study we did complex investigations sediments of lake Maloe Miassovo (Chelyabinsk region, Russia). Seismic explorations allowed characterized the sedimentation mass and find the best sites for core samples collection. Four core samples collection were taken with the use of hydraulical core extractor. The maximum core length was 5.08 m. For investigations in laboratory all cores divided into samples, step of cutting is 2 cm. The magnetic properties of lake sediments were studied on the basis of magneto-mine...

The complex valorization of marine algae biomass is an important resource for many industries like pharmaceuticals and cosmeceuticals, as raw material for the extraction of bioactive principles (vitamins, pigments, sterols and collagen), cosmetics, biofertilizers and wastewater treatment. In the last years a special attention has been given to the use of macroalgae in the pharmaceuticals and dermato-cosmetics field. Algal growth is due to the amount of nutrients available in the marine environment. The aim of this...

This article is focused on the issue of lightweighted plasters. Lightweighted plaster can contribute to the contemporary tendencies of higher thermal insulating abilities of all structural materials with sufficient mechanical characteristics. Two mixtures were designed with the lightweight expanded perlite aggregate. The first one contained only expanded perlite as aggregate, whereas in the second one, the plaster silica sand was used instead of one-half of the lightweight aggregate. Lime-based components with adm...

This paper examines comfort and cohesion in outdoor and semi out door spaces of historical environment with a hot and dry climate using the example of the traditional streets, courtyards and recesses of Sanliurfa, Turkey. The goal of this research is to investigate the design principles for achieving comfort and social cohesion in the historical environment of Sanliurfa traditional architecture. In Sanliurfa historical settlement, where traditions and customs have an important role in the social structure, has cre...

This paper presents recent information (period 2015-2017 evaluation) about the species with the most abundant development in the past years along the Romanian Black Sea coast, namely the green algae Ulva rigida and Cladophora sp. These two species are considered opportunistic, with a high reproductive capacity and a frequent distribution at the Romanian shore, with an abundant development between 0-3 meters depth, so it is considered accessible and easy to collect the algal material. In the present study the bioch...

Tailings are the waste product of mining industry which is usually deposited in the form of slurry. In the present study, laboratory experiments were performed to investigate the permeability properties of coal mine tailings. The investigation includes the compressibility and consolidation behavior of tailings material of different gradations upon application of incremental loads in large size hydraulic consolidometer. The samples were collected from open pit Tur?w Coal Mine in Poland. Remolded samples were manufa...

The purpose of this article is to analyse the development of green economy and the construction industry in Russia, to study the impact of environmental factors on the real estate market and the assessment of the prospects for Russian eco-development. Study methods based on the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, where each of the 17 Goals has specific targets to be achieved over the next 15 year. In the UN document one of the important is Goals N11 named as "Sustainable Cities and Communities". In the proces...

In southern Algeria, energy consumption is inevitable due to the hot climate and the summer period, which extends for more than half a year, it is necessary to take a strategic approach to ensure the sustainability and maximum comfort while reducing energy through passive and active architectural. Forthis reason, to reduce this consumption, it is necessary to improve the performance of the building. As a result, windows and ventilation become key points to improve in terms of Losses. These two elements may be at t...

The bioconversion of plant raw materials into highly added value products, as well as the development of new products with advanced characteristics has a high priority for modern biotechnology in the Russian Federation. Deproteinized sunflower meal has been used as a source of carbohydrates and organic nitrogen for the yeast S. cerevisiae fermentation after subsequent acidic and enzymatic treatment. As a result a protein-rich yeast biomass was formed, as well as a liquid fraction, containing non-metabolized pentos...

The work summarizes the results of research into fundamentals of design and application of slow-release and ecologically safe forms of agrochemicals used for protecting plants from pathogens and weeds. The potential of degradable polyester poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB)] for designing long-term formulations of fungicides (tebuconazole) and herbicides (metribuzin) is described. Experimental forms of agricultural preparations were compared with the commercial fungicide Raxil Ultra containing tebuconazole and Sencor...

Groundwater filtration is a very complicated process determined by natural environmental factors and anthropogenic impacts. Credible predictions of impact of extortions on the groundwater environment require application of appropriate research methods which will enable detailed representation of the groundwater circulation. Such methods include numerical modeling of filtration processes and application of mathematical description of groundwater flow, based on assumed hydrogeological parameters and boundary conditi...

In recent years, numerous works have been devoted to sturgeon breeding. One of the reproduction problems of sturgeon fishes is the low survival rate of larvae and fry, which is associated with the impact of various negative factors on the growth and viability of the young in the early stages of its development. One of the ways to increase the viability of sturgeon larvae is to introduce components into the starting compound feed that regulate metabolic processes, including the resistance of early juveniles to unfa...

Bisphenol A (C15H16O2) 2,2-(4,4?-dihydroxydiphenyl) propane (BPA) is known for its endocrine disrupting properties in human body in addition to various other harmful effects. BPA has been detected in the aquatic environment at concentration levels varying from nanograms to micrograms per litre of water in many countries and regions. Due to the inefficiency of BPA removal using the common water treatment methods (physicochemical, biological, and electrochemical), advanced oxidation process was applied. UV-VIS photo...

In the recent years, sustainable construction is increasingly popular, especially in terms of ecology and the inner climate. This predominantly concerns commercial office buildings in which the achievement of an adequate standard and inner climate of rooms is often the most important criterion for the customer renting the premises. The analyzed professional literature indicates that the costs borne by potential tenants, the owners of the buildings and the society as a whole, caused by adverse inner environment con...

Concrete production is closely connected with large energy costs and even larger emission of greenhouse gases. An ecologically sustainable and responsible approach is being adopted with respect to waste minimization and application of alternative materials in building construction, to improve sustainability through energy efficiency, reducing CO2 emissions, the cost of building and life-cycle maintenance. This paper is aimed at evaluation of relation between deleterious processes caused by bacteria influence on co...

The article discusses issues related climate change and its influence on development strategies, as well as the resultant need to implement energy efficient solutions in the process of shaping architectural space. New rules regarding planning and developing architectural spaces require the implementation of environmental protection solutions and strategies that involve the use of construction materials, technologies and concepts that comply with the requirements of sustainable architecture. The article discusses t...

Microspheres, in other words aluminosilicate grains, are spherical particles of a small size classified as volatile ash fraction, so-called by-products of combustion, produced in the energy sector. In their construction, two phases can be distinguished - gas and solid. They are characterized, among others, by high mechanical strength, excellent thermal insulation properties and the ability to damp vibrations. It is estimated that the content of microspheres in fly ash is about 1-3%. There are two methods for recov...

The aim of the article is to map the possibilities of investment activities financing for the development of technical infrastructure in the municipality. Generally this is one of the most frequent investment activities in municipalities. The article introduces the insight in the sewerage system and wastewater treatment plant construction. These investments are most often carried out due to the need of development the services for the municipality residents and changes in the legislation in the field of waste wate...

Physical-chemical and microbiological parameters of waters of rivers are determined seasonally in the waters of small and big rivers of Adjara Black Sea coastline (Georgia). The object of research was the following rivers flowing to The Black Sea: Chorokhi and Acharistskali (length-438 and 95 km), from small rivers?Kubastskali, Bartskhana, Korolistskali, Chakvistskali and Kintrishi (length<75 km). The strong smell was found on the Kubastskali river (5 points) and the Bartskhana (4 points) river. Their color was ye...

Geopolymers are green and eco-friendly alternative to commonly used resins. Geopolymer are derived from the naturally occurring recyclable geological materials and combine low temperature, polymer-like processing with high temperature stability and fire resistibility without toxic smoke generation. The aim of this work is to manufacture geopolymer blades for an experimental axial fan, which is the first step on the way to produce full-fledged geopolymer blades. These blades could be then used for ventilators in ro...

The article examines the process and features of the development of legislation on environmental safety in the States members of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). According to the authors, this process is an example of the formation of a unified political and legal system for ensuring environmental safety at the regional level. The long law-making process has allowed the Commonwealth states to provide themselves with the necessary legal framework enabling them to coordinate their actions in the field o...

Large reserves of forest resources (according to UN estimates, the area of forests in the Russian Federation, is 8.5 million km?) have provided a significant development of the forest industry. Together with large investments in the timber industry complex, it became possible to optimize the technological processes, machines and equipment of enterprises. At the same time, it is also necessary to solve the issues of the most rational forest management. Sustainable forest management assumes limiting of the volume of...

Recent developments in the existing molecular genetic tools have augmented our current understanding towards the deleterious effects of nanoparticles on human health. During building construction, the rapid generation of nanoparticles has greatly affected to human with severe toxicity by generating free radicals inside their body as potential health hazards. However, there is still need of analyzing nanoparticle toxicity based on the type of microbial diversity present on surface and its potential impacts on human...

Raft-assembling unit composed of four small volume bundles (up to 5 cubic meters) linked by the means of the fastening logs and flexible couplings has been proposed for the shallow rivers. As the results of experimental researches the mathematical model of hydrodynamics resistance was obtained. The timber transport units (TTU) were formed from 1?6 raft sections. The study was performed at 1:20 model-prototype relationship. The ?length/beam? ratio of the TTU varied from 1 to 6. Modeling during uniform motion of the...

The continuous increase emissions of greenhouse gas and the necessity to feel energetic security have caused the whole world increase the use of energy sources that are not based on crude oil and hard coal. Alternative to obtaining energy from fossil fuels is the production of biogas. One of the most commonly used raw materials for biogas production are maize silage. Therefore corn silage makes up 35-40% of the total cost of biogas production, which means that their use for biogas production does not bring big ben...

In the fire statistics, electrical appliances are one of the main sources of fire. In such fires, the first ignited component is the insulation around wires and cables. The aim of this paper is to determine the impact of isoperibolic heating (in the range of 200 ? 400 °C and with a heat gradient of 10 K in 10 min) on fire resistance of electrical cable (which was modified by a fire-retardant) using a safety calorimeter SEDEX. The individual insulation layers of the sample were pre-ground and each layer was subsequ...

The growing global population, along with economic considerations, has put the food industry under an increasingly pressing demand for innovative approaches, materials and sources. As a result, the industry has to look into the sources that has been disregarded earlier. In this study, we focused on developing a technological process, which aims to ensure the processing of Baltic sprat (Sprattus sprattus) and Baltic herring (Clupea harengus membras) with minimal losses of valuable raw materials. In this investigati...

At present, the monitoring of forest areas is a national requirement. The importance of protecting forests in mitigating climate change is well known. On the other hand, the economic aspects involving the efficiency of forest management imply correlation with the growing demand for wood on the market. From this point of view, the inventory and the evaluation of the rate of growth and yield of forest areas is extremely important. Estimating the growth rate per unit of hectare and the level of production of wooded a...

According to State Forest service data in 2018 Norway spruce occupies 19% (0.533 milj. ha) from total forest area in Latvia. Disease and pest intense spread and damage in different forest ecosystems is result of climate change creating a risk to forest management. Spruce bus scale (Physokermes picea Shrnk.) in Baltics including in Latvia up to 2009 were detected only in parks growing trees but after 2009 also in different age P. abies stands especially on drained soils including Myrtillosa mel. Research aim is to ...

In the last years, due to its benefits, the syrup has gained a valuable place on the market, can be extracted from many flowers and medicinal plants, and from all kinds of fruits that can be squeezed out. Many studies have highlighted the beneficial therapeutic effect of fruit and herbal syrups as a cure for various diseases. Due to their curative properties, being good detoxifiers, general tonic and immunostimulating, the syrups have a major importance in modern food, having a dual functionality, namely that of f...

The complex valorization of marine algae biomass is an important resource for many industries like pharmaceuticals and cosmeceuticals, as raw material for the extraction of bioactive principles (vitamins, pigments, sterols and collagen), cosmetics, biofertilizers and wastewater treatment. In the last years a special attention has been given to the use of macroalgae in the pharmaceuticals and dermato-cosmetics field. Algal growth is due to the amount of nutrients available in the marine environment. The aim of this...

Snow cover is of greatest interest for geoecological studies due to the fact that it accumulates a complex of pollutants from natural and anthropogenic sources over a long period. Control and modeling of marker compounds in the snow cover are particularly interesting because marker compounds are toxic on the one hand, and on the other hand they allow to identify anthropogenic pollution pathways and ways of transformation. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) belong to such compounds. The article presents the re...

Cellulose is one of the most important biopolymers and belongs to crystalline polymers. At the same time, it can exist in several crystalline modifications, giving a completely different diffraction pattern, or in an amorphous state. The crystallinity degree of cellulose significantly varies with different chemical and enzymatic treatments. A new method for crystallinity degree determining from X-ray diffraction data has been applied to cellulose samples. A calculation is based on estimating the rate of change in ...