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Currently, a big problem is increasing the production of residual oil, for which so-called tertiary recovery methods are used. One common tertiary recovery method is the use of surfactants. The use of biological surfactants instead of synthetic ones can solve the problem of increasing oil production and reducing the toxic impact on the environment. To obtain biosurfactants, two strains of Bacillus mojavensis and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens were used. These strains are characterized by the ability to produce biosurf...

Biorefineries offer an advantageous and sustainable solution for managing by-products from the agro-industry while enabling the recovery of valuable molecules and biogas production from residual biomass. This study applied this approach to the beer industry's main by-products: Brewery-s Spent Grain (BSG). BSG is typically used as animal feed but shows potential for biorefinery applications due to its high protein content and favorable C/N ratio. By treating this biomass with an ionic liquid consisting of triethyla...

Within the current framework of approaching different directions of carbon emissions reduction policy, wood fits as an environmentally friendly building material with low production in terms of energy consumption. In this manner, timber combines its qualities such as high strength/weight ratio and rigidity/weight, low specific gravity, recovery/recycling that make it competitive with classic building materials with the demands of climate change green deal. One specific attention has to be given to the design and e...

Environmental monitoring in specially protected areas is a vital problem, especially in places subject to anthropogenic impacts. The Tunkinskaya Valley (190 km long) is the western extension of the Baikal rift zone. On the territory of the valley there is a national park of federal significance. At the same time, the territory is subject to intensive anthropogenic load. The Tunkinskaya Valley is an attractive place for tourists. The local population (20,000 people) is engaged in cattle breeding. Industrialized are...

Coal mine spoil heaps are subject to reclamation processes in order to restore their environmental, social and economic functions. The reclamation may consist of placing soil layers (topsoil, TS) on the surface of the bare rock (carboniferous rock accompanying the coal seam) and then planting vegetation. However, waste rock (bare rock, BR) is usually left in place without overburden due to high costs. In both cases, there is a spontaneous succession of consisting vegetation of native and alien species. In this stu...

In recent decades, the interest of researchers has focused on the development of methods for obtaining alternative energy sources. Fischer-Tropsch synthesis is one of the methods for obtaining a wide range of hydrocarbons and their derivatives. Ru, Ni, Fe and Co are the widely used catalytically active metals in FTS. To increase the activity of the catalyst, as well as increase the yield of target products, promoters are introduced into catalytic systems. In FTS, oxides of alkaline and rare earth metals, oxides of...

The study addresses a challenge in planetary exploration, focusing on landslide susceptibility on the Lunar South Pole Region (LSPR), fundamental for future lunar missions. Features like permanently shadowed regions and water ice deposits attract scientific attention but issues related to rugged terrain and dynamic geological processes must also to be considered. The photointerpretation of data from Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) mission, allowed to create a landslides inventory map. The Frequency Ratio (FR) m...

Presence of coastal structures usually causes significant impacts to adjacent shores, especially when they are composed of sand. Many times, these impacts are associated with inappropriate design due to inadequate consideration of hydromorphological processes and system interactions. As a result, excessive erosion and/or deposition of sediment is observed, which implies costly, and in some cases, continuous maintenance. The study presents an assessment and gives explanation of significant changes in the morphology...

In an increasingly competitive economy, we are facing fierce competition in the construction materials industry, where the use of recyclable waste from demolitions has become more than a necessity. The compensation for the loss of certain properties, which could otherwise lead to a reduction in mechanical characteristics, has been achieved through the addition of nanoparticles with superior qualities. This paper will present the main nanoparticles introduced as subtle additives (ranging from 0.01 percent to a maxi...

Hydrogen-based energy production involves the use of fuel cells or the direct combustion of hydrogen (a particular case being hydrogen combustion in internal combustion engines). Direct hydrogen combustion is still in the testing phase, with challenges arising from its energetic properties, which continue to be a difficult factor. For instance, hydrogen has a low calorific value (about three times lower than methane) in its gaseous phase, which is the phase where combustion occurs, a very high combustion speed (ab...

Biochar can be used as an alternative and efficient adsorbent for organic and inorganic pollutants. Therefore, based on previous study in which, a biochar loaded with mixed metal oxides of iron, tin or titanium catalysts results as a by-product of levulinic esters synthesis from biomass carbohydrates, this paper aim was to test this residue as biochar for the retention of phosphate from water samples. The obtained adsorbents based on Fe2O3-SnO2 and Fe2O3-La2O3-TiO2 were characterized by FT-IR and TGA analyses. The...

Geographic information systems (GIS) are based on the approach of displaying data from individual layers, where a manageable number of geospatial objects are displayed within a single layer. The entire content of a hydrogeological model (HM) can only be partially included within this framework. HM input data and modeling results as layer surface maps are a way to easily, clearly, and simply publish the model content and simulation experiment results. However, this approach is not sufficient for regional HMs. Regio...

The deep processing of lignocellulose feedstock (including waste from the woodworking industry, agriculture, and agro-industry) allowing the high-added value products to be obtained is one of the key scientific problems. Lignocellulose biomass is a potential feedstock for the production of heat, electricity, fuel, chemicals, and other bioderived products. The liquefaction is considered to be one of the most promising ways to convert lignocellulose biomass into liquid fuels. During the liquefaction, lignocellulose ...

On the territory of Romania, there are large salt deposits grouped on either side of the Carpathian mountains. Made up of over 300 large salt deposits covering an area of about 30,000 km2. The Trotus mine within the Targu Ocna Saltworks Branch was opened and put into operation in 1971, with the objective of dry salt exploitation, using the mining method with small chambers and abandoned square pillars, with a vaulted ceiling. Currently, Salina Trotu? has 14 horizons: 2 at the level of the Pilot mine and 12 at the ...

One of the objectives of the research is to identify the factors influencing the implementation of environmental economics and green governance principles in Latvia. The study focuses on the strategic allocation, implementation and impact of investments, including EU structural funds, on environmental sustainability initiatives in Latvia. The research methodology includes theoretical concepts and research on the development of the environmental economics in the regions of Latvia. In order to achieve the objectives...

The paper presents the procedures of introducing the unsteady state numerical analysis domain for simulating the mechanical behavior of glue laminated timber (glulam) elements when subjected to high temperatures. For any analysis applied to characterize the fire resistance of wood, glue laminated timber implicitly, the unsteady state numerical analysis domain must be applied, considering the heat propagation, humidity percentage loss and the overall change of the mechanical characteristics of the components throug...