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Pillars are key structural columns in underground mining. They are usually made of in situ intact ores and do not have additional reinforcements. Their main function is temporary or permanent support of ore ceiling of rooms during excavation and mining. Coal pillar strength is usually estimated according to empirical formulae obtained from field observations. Todays, numerical models have found increasing use in pillar design. The FLAC3D Software based Mohr-Coulomb Strain Softening (MCSS) failure criterion was use...

The estimation of important parameters at Choghart mine stockpile is accomplished by sampling specific parameters that allow detection of useful parts of the Low Grade stockpile. Huge amount of low grade broken rocks near the open pit can causes some environmental problem. Therefore, determination of dump parameters became important in this mine. In this research the estimation of Fe and P was fulfilled in low grade stockpile of Choghart. The Estimation of these two parameters (Fe \& P) can be used for mapping the...