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Concrete constructions are normally reinforced with steel, which is protected by high alkalinity of the concrete against the effects of corrosion. The steel reinforcement corrosion is causing by the reducing the alkalinity of the concrete or by the presence of chlorides in such an aggressive environment which make reduction the cross-sectional area of the reinforcement and a loss of cohesion. Underground constructions are often found in an aggressive rock environment and the protection of steel reinforcement is mo...

Several tunnels are currently under construction in Slovakia and others are in process of preparation to be constructed. The most commonly used technology in Slovakia is NATM. One of them is the Milochov railway tunnel, which together with the bridge and another tunnel of works, will be located on the reconstructed part of the railway line between Puchov and Povazska Bystrica. The tunnel is designed for rail transport as a single-tube, double-track, with a track spacing of 4,200 m for a design speed of 160 km/h, w...

In Slovakia, there are two technologies NRTM and ADECO ? RS which are currently used for a tunnel excavation. During the tunnel excavation, a disruption of primary balance tension state occurs in a tunnel face followed by spatial redistribution stress, which results in creating a new equilibrium state of tension in the around rock mass. Changes in tension are connected with deformation of the excavation face, or the primary lining and round rock mass respectively. Practical experience and results of spatial numeri...

International Seismological Centre (ISC, Newbury, UK) annually locates about 30,000 earthquakes that may occur with macro-seismic effects (effects on people, objects, nature and buildings). Catalog of the earthquakes, observed since 1034, contains informationпїЅs about more than 650 earthquakes that have macro-seismic effects in the SlovakпїЅs territory. The strongest earthquake was recorded 28.06.1763 with the epicenter near of KomпїЅrno and only in the town itself completely destroyed the seven churches and 279 ...