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Anthropogenic activities involve extracting the transformation and use of natural resources. During the process of extraction of useful mineral substances on the surface or underground, particles or gases appear in the working environment resulting from the removal or natural release from the rock mass. The process of transformation of useful mineral substances is carried out on the surface in closed enclosures, and involves the use of complex technological processes. During these technological processes, gases, m...

The working environment specific to underground activity under normal operating conditions refers to the type and concentration of gases specific to the underground atmosphere (O2, CO2, CH4, CO, N2, CnHn), the humidity present in the underground atmosphere, the type and concentration of suspended dust, barometric pressure, air temperature, air speed, flow rates, etc. In order to know the normal environmental conditions specific to an underground workplace, specialized measurements and laboratory determinations are...

Reducing the risk of occurrence of phenomena such as poisoning, as a result of the untimely penetration of a certain amount of toxic gases, inside a ventilation installation, is a priority, regarding the health and safety of workers, material assets and the negative influence on the environment, due to the possible problems caused by the occurrence of toxic atmospheres, formed by mixing air with toxic gases and vapors. In closed or semi-closed industrial and non-industrial buildings, effective ventilation is the p...

On the territory of Romania, there are large salt deposits grouped on either side of the Carpathian mountains. Made up of over 300 large salt deposits covering an area of about 30,000 km2. The Trotus mine within the Targu Ocna Saltworks Branch was opened and put into operation in 1971, with the objective of dry salt exploitation, using the mining method with small chambers and abandoned square pillars, with a vaulted ceiling. Currently, Salina Trotu? has 14 horizons: 2 at the level of the Pilot mine and 12 at the ...

The ventilation network related to a mining unit for the exploitation of the useful mineral substance aims to ensure optimal microclimate conditions in underground. An ventilation network is made up of nodes and branches in order to establish its structure. In this sense, the mine ventilation must be seen as a source of life, in which the ramifications represent at the same time the arteries that transport the air to the working fronts and the evacuation of the poluted air to the surface. In order to establish the...

Certain studies have determined specific conifers, which can be found in urban and industrial areas can be used to monitor the degree of air pollution being used for passive biomonitoring processes. The needles and bark of conifers taken from the industrial and urban areas of the Jiu Valley, mercury, chromium) and arsenic, after acid mineralization of the samples of pine bark (Pinus sp.), spruce (Picea Abies) and thuja (Thuja Occidentalis) and those taken from these conifers in the urban area and in the vicinity o...

The carrying out of human activities of an industrial nature involves the use, handling or accidental presence of substances of a toxic nature such as carbon oxide. The presence of this gas in closed or semi-closed spaces can seriously affect the human body and when concentrations are high it can lead to death. Knowing how carbon oxide affects the human body and how it disperses into the air is very important for establishing preventive measures. Also, in order to establish the escape routes and the refuge areas, ...

Taking into account the Regulation (EU) No 98/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 January 2013 on the marketing and use of explosives precursors, which establishes harmonized rules concerning the making available, introduction, possession and use of substances or mixtures that could be misused for the illicit manufacture of explosives, with a view to limiting their availability to the general public, and ensuring the appropriate reporting of suspicious transactions throughout the supply chain,...

Considering that the underground mining of coal is used mining systems that have a high degree of complexity, and can reach cumulative lengths of tens of kilometers, associated with them we have the ventilation networks with the role of transporting important air flows with the help of special ventilation systems. The aeration networks are made up of all the mining works on which air flows are carried. Structurally, they comprise nodes and branches. The nodes of an aeration network are generated by the intersectio...

The activity of evaluation and verification of industrial ventilation installations has a strong preventive role in terms of explosion risk mainly due to the fact that of the three determining elements that can lead to an explosion phenomenon, ventilation installations can determine the presence of two elements namely the presence of fuel (gases, vapors, dusts, mists) and the source of initiation (hot surface, flame, sparks of mechanical origin, electrical sparks, static electricity, etc.). The development of expe...

Under the effect of strong heat, chemical fertilizers tend to decompose. These decompositions can be followed by burns or explosions. The tendency to suffer self-sustaining decomposition is determined by the test method described in Test S.1 of the United Nation Manual of Tests and Criteria for the classification of ammonium nitrate fertilizers. The purpose of this work is to present the tests, experiments and interpretation of the experimental data necessary for the classification of chemical fertilizers based on...

In Romania, the production of coal and lignite depends on the national demand for primary energy resources in the electricity production sector and on the available resources / reserves. Although it still plays an important role in the mix of electricity production and the safety of the National Energy System, especially in the winter, coal-fired electricity production is decreasing even this season. The considerations for which this situation was reached are: the programs for extractive industry reorganization an...

Healthy and safe working conditions underground, especially in areas with potentially explosive atmospheres depend mainly on the method of operation and management of the ventilation system. For underground extraction of coal are running a complex network mining vertical, horizontal and inclined role extraction, transportation and evacuation the surface. Associated system of mining works has the air network to ensure the oxygen necessary for workers, diluting explosive gases and toxic substances and preparations t...