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This paper presents an extended multi-sensor geoinformation framework for monitoring forest ecosystems in Ukraine under conditions restricted field access. Building upon previously validated hexagonal GIS and NDVI-based remote sensing methodology applied to Zhytomyr Oblast (2021–2024), the current study incorporates an expanded Sentinel-2 time series through 2025 and introduces a theoretical framework for integrating Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data to overcome the critical limitation of optical cl...

This study presents a hexagonal-based geoinformation approach for monitoring forest ecosystems and detecting anomalous changes in Ukraine, where forest resources are under severe anthropogenic and military pressure. Using Sentinel-2 satellite imagery, vegetation indices were processed to classify vegetation dynamics and identify areas of significant degradation. A hexagonal spatial partitioning method was applied to improve spatial accuracy, reduce edge effects, and support the quantitative assessment of forest co...

To enable effective operational decisions and combat mission execution on the battlefield during war, access to reliable, accurate, and timely data is essential. We propose utilizing Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to analyze extensive datasets, as modern military operations rely on accurate spatial terrain mapping for command, control, communication, and coordination. This study introduces a terrain analysis approach tailored to military vehicle movement, focusing on assessing ground resilience to vehicle tr...

The article presents the results of satellite remote sensing to assess the consequences of hostilities in nature protected areas. Since February 24, 2022, 20% of the nature reserve fund of Ukraine has suffered from the war. The real level of damage to the objects of the nature reserve fund as a result of the war cannot be estimated. After all, active hostilities continue, and restrictions are created for environmental activities in the temporarily occupied territories. Therefore, remote monitoring is the only tool...

The results of the study of the dynamics of changes in the territory of the Kakhovka reservoir before and after the explosion of the dam on June 6, 2023 are presented. This led to the destruction of the Kakhovka reservoir and the sharp flooding of significant areas downstream of the Dnieper River, including the delta. The analysis was carried out on two indicators: the water surface area and the water level. As a result of the analysis of space images, it was found that the area of the Kakhovka reservoir decreased...

The special regime of nature reserve complexes allows for the protection and reproduction of local flora and fauna, local Red Data Book species, and the implementation of preventive measures against their extinction from the region. Military operations on the territory of these complexes have an irreversible impact on the further development of the region's natural complexes. The authors of the publication have studied the territory of one of the protected areas affected by military actions in the Kherson and Myko...

Wildfires are a problem all over the world. Plant and animal life are under threat of destruction. But this issue is especially relevant for Ukraine, where fires appear en masse throughout the country not only from weather factors but also from enemy shelling by the Russian army. In addition, there is the uncontrolled spread of fire to large areas of Ukraine due to limited access to emergency services. Because of hostilities, landmines, and the occupation of Ukrainian territory, Ukrainian rescuers and foresters ar...

The article presents the results of remote monitoring of the consequences of armed aggression, namely the occurrence of fires on the territory of protected areas in the combat zone. In combination with "traditional" data, satellite imagery can play a crucial role in protecting protected areas and providing evidence of environmental violations. Plant and animal life are under threat of destruction from enemy shelling by the Russian army. In addition, there is the uncontrolled spread of fire in the combat zone of Uk...

One of the most important components of monitoring any object is to determine the degree of its pollution. Current and accurate information on the quality of water bodies and soils is the basis for regulating the activities of water users and land users, ensuring measures for the rational use of natural resources, informing the relevant authorities and the population about possible dangerous situations. Surface waters, like agricultural households, are strategic renewable natural resources of Ukraine. A characteri...

To preserve and increase the biological and landscape diversity, it is necessary to have comprehensive information about the conditions and dynamics of changes in the study object, a specific local ecosystem. Nature reserves are created to restore habitats, to protect endangered species of flora and fauna, vulnerable or complex species. Particular attention should be paid to the study of wetlands, a stabilizer of the hydrological regime of ecosystems, and a shaping element of the regional climate. It is proposed t...

The article presents methodological approaches to the improvement of the environmental monitoring system. To increase the objectivity and to improve the visual aspects of data presentation during ecological monitoring, the authors proposed to involve remote sensing methods of the Earth and geoinformation technologies. The presented set of methods is effectively used for general, operational and background monitoring. The authors have developed an algorithm for monitoring the state of ecosystem components by remote...

The article describes an information-analytical system for assessing the impact of solid waste landfills on the environmental. The proposed system can be an informational basis for creating a national register of municipal solid waste, both authorized, acting in accordance with the requirements of current legislation, and unauthorized dumps. This basis will provide a scientific and economic justification for making decisions on the prospects for the management of municipal solid waste at the regional and local lev...

The paper presents the results of scientific research in the field of environmental protection, proposed an approach to monitoring the ecological status of soils and surface waters, and considers the assimilation potential. The purpose of the work is to determine the dynamics of the growing impact of natural and man-made loads on the environment and increase the efficiency of environmental organizations. ArcGIS GIS software and ERDAS remote sensing software were used to translate data into thematic maps. ArcGIS's ...