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Computer simulation has a significant application in the field of metallurgy. It is primarily an issue that deals with the issue of casting. The simulation of casting and solidification makes visible the foundry phenomena that take place in the gating system and the casting when the mold is filled with liquid metal and during its solidification. The article deals with the design of the gating system and the simulation of the filling and solidification of a real casting made of ductile iron. In the next production ...

Geothermal energy sources in Albania are estimated as warm water sources of the underground layers of the earth, which have a sufficient temperature to be used as a source of energy. The area of Elbasan is a special area because it has a significant number of sources with geothermal potential. This area, as part of the Kruja geothermal area, has a length of 180 km and a width of 4-5 km. The current average flow of thermal water is about 15-18 l/s and temperatures vary from 55-65oC. It is estimated that the resourc...

In order to study and analyze the state of the State Gravimetric Network for the territory of the Republic of Bulgaria, relative gravimetric measurements were carried out for part of the country. The studied territory covers 9 points of the reference gravimetric network. The gravimetric measurements were designed and implemented according to the realized gravimetric lines between them and gravity differences along the gravimetric lines were calculated. The obtained gravity differences are compared with the same fr...

The article considers the intensity of the subsidence process of the given surface of the territory of the Central coal-mining district of Donbas from 2015 to 2021, according to radar data from the Sentinel-1 satellite. There are 26 mines on this territory, most liquidated by completely uncontrolled flooding of mining operations without further control of the hydrodynamic regime. This study aims to determine the dangerous zones formed due to soil subsidence to rank the territory, particularly minefields, according...

In recent decades, we have witnessed an extraordinary progress in tasks related to the problems of the interaction of building structures with the subsoil. The transition from low-rise buildings to high-ones, the design of more subtle structures hand in hand with the full use of building materials, places increasing demands on the methods of foundation of building objects. These tendencies might result in some problems when the issues of the interaction between the upper structure and the subsoil assume a dominant...

Chemical flooding allows for the improvement of oilfield performance after standard waterflooding processes. Chemical EOR methods modify different properties of fluids and/or rock to mobilize the remaining oil. It is expected that the residual oil will be different in properties than conventional. A new technology is presented to study a surfactant-polymer flooding, based on a periodic sampling and measuring properties of oil and water during 15 months. At each sampling date, 2D reservoir model was built to track ...

The MiFiRE (Microgravity Fine Regolith Experiment) experiment, which will be launched this year on a suborbital space flight, currently scheduled for August 2023, was designed with the aim of better understanding the initial stages of planetary formation. The fundamental and embryonic question is to contribute to the study of how the mineral and rock particles, which do not have enough mass for the gravitational force to be influential, can then aggregate through electrostatic forces. In order to recreate the envi...

The significance of analog studies using lava tubes on Earth to inform on the design of future lunar and Martian missions is aimed at exploring and utilising those structures as potential habitats on those planetary bodies. Lava tubes, natural subsurface cavities formed by volcanic activity, have several characteristics that make them appealing for human habitation on the Moon and Mars. Researchers conducting analog studies on Earth can gain valuable insights into the geological, environmental, engineering, crew a...

Risks are present in all economic and industrial activities that manifest themselves both through economic losses, malfunctions of installations and equipment, as well as the occurrence of minor or major accidents with particularly serious consequences resulting in deaths and injuries, pollution of the environment. The assessment of risk levels stimulates the co-interest of economic operators to improve their working and environmental conditions, respectively to take measures to move from high risk levels to lower...

In this paper, the main maritime exploration techniques have been analyzed, the seismic refraction, and the seismic reflection. Pursuant to the performed research, we considered the seismic reflection to be of interest, for which we shall suggest improvement in how the data is collected by proposing a hydrophone design. At present, the continuation of exploitation of the traditional basins of natural resources (gas, oil), as well as the emergence of new reserves, such as those in the Black Sea, make it compulsory ...

The development of the global economy cannot be achieved in the current context without the pillars of sustainable development. At the corporate level, the commitment for sustainability is increasingly monitored by stakeholders in terms of a company's sustainable economic capacity and also regarding its environmental sustainability. We aim to analyze the role of the auditor in corporate sustainability reporting (CSR) and to design an econometric model of reporting quality based on sustainability reports submitted ...

Many exploited mineral deposits are at the final stage of development. The depletion of mineral reserves leads to a reduction in the volume of production and output, as well as to the social tension of single-industry towns, whose activities are directly dependent on the mining and processing industries of the economy. In our research, the initial data are the materials of geological observations and testing of tailings storages of the copper ore beneficiation factories of Kazakhstan. Studies on the composition an...

The wealth of the bowels of Kazakhstan has not yet been exhausted, there are promising areas that are currently insufficiently studied, especially at depth. The reason for the insufficient knowledge of geological structures in depth is the lack of a theoretical basis for geological research and justification for the forecast of prospect for minerals. In this regard, geology faces the question of creating a scientific approach for predicting new prospect areas, especially at depth. Our analysis shows that the princ...

The results of many research projects and studies report that landuse/ landcover change (LULCC) is a major driver of the changes in the hydrological processes within a watershed. Landuse induced landcover changes, e.g., urbanization, deforestation, have a direct impact on the hydrological regime of watersheds thus increasing their vulnerability to extreme hydrological events. In this research the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used to study the landuse/landcover change impact on the hydrological dynamic...

An essential part of the development of municipalities is an investment in a properly functioning technical infrastructure. In addition to today's standard connection to the development of electricity, new investments in technical infrastructure related to the aquatic environment are also required concerning the interests of nature and especially the ecological hairline of water components. Many smaller municipalities are still not solved by sewerage of residential houses and other buildings, especially agricultur...

Environmental concerns related to the implementation of circular economy has led to the development of new generations of materials. Interest in polymer composites reinforced with natural-organic/inorganic fillers is growing. Producers of polymer composites convert their production to optimize and replace traditional products with new ones with a high content of bio, recyclable materials, for sustainability and responsible actions. Research and industrial awareness are focused on ecological composites based on nat...

The research was carried out between the 2020 and 2022 growing seasons, in six different wine-growing regions of Romania, including the west, central, south, and east. The grapevine growing technology and production process were investigated, which were carried out differently depending on the soil and environmental resources in each growing area. The climatic conditions were also analyzed, as well as the influence on the production and quality of two grape cultivars for superior red wines grown in the researched ...

It is recognized that increased mechanization in mining has resulted in a larger number of workers exposed to longer durations of whole-body vibration (WBV) in mining work context. This physical agent is one of the leading causes for workplace disability and it is regarding of many mining operators that during daily activities use mining vehicles such as dozers, haul trucks, Load Haul Dump (LHD) vehicles and wheeled shovel. The present study was conducted in a typical mining context in order to investigate the eff...

The aim of this research was to establish the influence of physico-chemical (biometric) characteristics and climate changes in different cultivation areas on three sweet cherry varieties: Van, Stella and Rubin, on the perception of food (fruit) quality. Several parameters (size, weight, soluble solids content, sugars, pH, firmness, dry matter) were measured and statistically processed using analysis of variants[15]. The results showed that the Van cultivar produced heavier fruits and the large diameter was above t...

The research examines creativity as an important factor in the production of ecological products and the promotion of sustainable development in the regional economy. The research aims to examine how to promote creativity in the regional economy, what tools should be implemented to develop creativity in individuals, and how creativity is associated with overall prosperity and economic growth in the country. Nowadays, the problems of exploiting natural resources and management of constrained natural resources in th...

The Black Sea exhibits significant potential for the development of substantial gas hydrate reserves, primarily due to its low salinity, extensive sedimentary complexity, and the presence of vast deep-sea buried paleodeltas. Recent geophysical and geochemical studies carried out as part of European and national projects have yielded valuable data and outcomes, serving as the basis for a reassessment of gas hydrates in the Black Sea. This research aims to provide an updated estimation of the Black Sea gas hydrate r...

The present paper aims to mark the current status of knowledge regarding the area of the Town of Sozopol (ancient Apollonia Pontica) and its future research. The combination of geological and geomorphological data with the acquired archaeological and historical information can restore the ancient landscape of the study area. The research is focused on the landscape of Sozopol and its surroundings, due to it being among the most important areas in the history of the Western Black Sea. A mechanism for the formation ...

During the European GoldenEye Project Type H2020 Number 869398, three drilling and blasting methods were analyzed in terms of the impact of the works on the environment, the choice of the most optimal scheme from the point of view of rock strength, the reduction of costs and the reduction of the impact of the environment. Here, the environmental footprint of the operation was significantly reduced. Analogous and graphic calculation methods were used using the programs Rhinoceros 3D combined with RhinoTerrain and O...

The technology for producing gluten-free products based on grains flour continues to improve, which appreciably increases the nutritional importance of these products and expands the assortment of inexpensive gluten-free food products of domestic production. The aim of the addressed topic was to characterize the mineral composition and total antioxidant capacity of millet, flax and buckwheat flours and to identify some potential characteristics to help create healthier products with specific fingerprints. The case...

Currently, the food industry accounts for the largest amount of waste, a third of which is waste from the processing of fruits into natural fruit juices, the consumption of which has recently increased significantly due to health problems among the population. The transition to a healthier and more natural lifestyle involves reducing the consumption of soft drinks, which can contain high concentrations of sugars, artificial colors, preservatives, and increasing the production of natural juices. Studies were carrie...

Water and sediments in coastal areas interact at different scales, thus shaping the marine environment and providing physical habitat for ecosystems. Hence, the hydromorphological conditions represent a key aspect of aquatic ecosystems considered in the Water Framework Directive as supporting quality elements (alongside the physicochemical), which are expected to provide the boundary conditions for the biological quality elements. Any alteration in those can reshape the corresponding biological conditions at vario...

The special regime of nature reserve complexes allows for the protection and reproduction of local flora and fauna, local Red Data Book species, and the implementation of preventive measures against their extinction from the region. Military operations on the territory of these complexes have an irreversible impact on the further development of the region's natural complexes. The authors of the publication have studied the territory of one of the protected areas affected by military actions in the Kherson and Myko...

Rapid development of the Spa and Wellness sector creates new opportunities for companies in the sector, but at the same time also new challenges. Sustainable development of the sector from both the environmental, economic, and social aspects is an important factor for the further success of the sector. The Spa and Wellness sector is a labor-intensive sector of the service industry, where the employees- impact on customer satisfaction is crucial. For employees to be able to successfully ensure the quality of servic...

The artisanally produced cheese feels a major comeback. Shops specialising in artisanal cheeses are increasingly selling artisanal cheeses made by local producers. In this work we made an assortment of matured cheese, from cow's milk, according to a traditional recipe from Harghita County, Romania. The technological process of obtaining ripened cheeses from cow's milk, studied by us, complies with the traditional technology used for many years. The products obtained were physicochemical evaluated in terms of moist...

According to the Bulgarian legislation, the boundaries of the specialized objects of the Black Sea coast - sea beaches, coastal and coastal protection systems and facilities, coastal lakes, lagoons, limanas and wetlands, as well as sand dunes are determined by direct geodetic measurements and are reflected in the cadastral map and the property register, i.e. specialized maps and a specialized register shall be drawn up in accordance with a by-law (ordinance) on the conditions and procedure for the commissioning, c...

Chemically hazardous industrial accidents pose a serious risk to both people and the environment. Furthermore, these accidents affect sustainable progress and result in significant economic losses. However, several industrial sectors that are essential to a contemporary industrialized civilization must employ substantial volumes of hazardous chemicals. Measures are needed to prevent major accidents, as well as to ensure adequate preparation and response should such incidents occur, to reduce the risks associated w...

The article presents the possibilities of using retinal images for identification of persons using biometric technologies. The properties of the retina that are used for identification are completely unique to each person and do not change over time. The probability that two exactly the same retinal vasculature patterns will be mismatched is very low to zero. Therefore, the use of retina for biometric identification is rated as very accurate in contrast to the reliability of other biometric methods and is used in ...

Vacuum insulation panels (VIP) represent a group of super-insulation materials that make it possible to significantly reduce the energy consumption of building structures even in places where it is not possible to build in a greater thickness of insulation. Considering that the consumption of these insulators worldwide is increasing every year, it is necessary to look for long-term sustainable raw material sources, such as easy renewable raw sources. The contribution is devoted to the possibilities of using easy r...

This paper presents the starting phase of a research project that aims to develop the technological demonstrator of a wind power generator system using a wind sail to capture the high altitude wind energy. The sail will capture the wind energy and will be raised to an altitude of minimum 100-200 meters to capture the stronger and more constant winds at this altitude. Flight attitude control will be done via an active control hub named WCU (Wing Control Unit) attached to the cable at about 10m from the sail. The gr...

In recent years, Romania has experienced a particular dynamic in terms of ensuring the security quality of explosive materials through the security requirements stipulated in the applicable harmonized standards. In this sense, the procedure for sampling the products that are the subject of explosive materials must take into account the technicalscientific substantiation of the objective establishment of sampling schemes indexed according to the acceptable quality level for batch-by-batch inspection in order to pro...

The article deals with the use of traffic calming elements to improve the environment, slow down traffic and increase safety for cyclists and pedestrians in urban centers in the Czech Republic. Calming elements also have a significant influence on the architecture of the street space. Traffic calming factors can be divided into psychological factors (e.g. road signs) and physical factors (e.g. road narrowing) or a combination of them based on their effect on drivers. These can be used at intersections and road sec...

Cyanobacteria are ancient photosynthetic organisms that under certain conditions (high temperature, eutrophication) can grow rapidly and form "cyanobacterial blooms". Very often, these blooms are accompanied by production of cyanotoxins, which in most cases are dangerous to the other organisms. Knowing the producers of cyanotoxins is of utmost importance, especially today when climate change has been shown to increase the frequency of toxic cyanobacterial blooms worldwide. The aim of the present study was to chara...

Business in the bioeconomy plays an important role in regional growth and balanced development of the country. Therefore, it is important that local governments stimulate business development. The Latvian Bioeconomy Strategy 2030 was approved in 2017 with the aim of rapidly developing bioeconomy industries based on efficient use of natural resources. Therefore, the aim of the present research is to examine one of the sections of the strategy - -Result-oriented motivation system for local governments- for the imple...

Article contain an overview of development of ice loads estimation on offshore structures. It begins by discussing the importance of calculating ice loads for the safety and reliability of offshore structures; then explores the evolution of ice load calculation in norms from the past to the present, including the development of international standards and guidelines and the advancements in ice load estimation techniques. The article further delves into the methods used for ice load estimation before the developmen...

The instability of the global fuel economy and increasing environmental problems are forcing the global scientific community to look for substitutes for fossil fuels, primarily oil. A promising direction for research seems to be fuel blends with natural additives or based entirely on renewable resources, the so-called biofuels. One of the more significant developments in biofuel research, is biofuels that use alcohols as part of the biofuel blend. The specific nature of these agents, however, makes it required and...

Multiple crises in recent years, including the health crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, the global energy crisis, the climate crisis, the decarbonization of the energy mix, the European Green Pact, the energy transition, the conflict in Ukraine, and the energy trilemma, have created the conditions for a new energy revolution. If the listed influencing factors, the sanctions imposed on Russian oil and gas as well as the confrontation with the components of the trilemma, energy security, minimal impact on the ...

Databases and ICT capabilities allow for the analysis of trends and possibilities of change. The use of ICT enables a broader problem analysis and an indication of how and where to process it For a given biodiversity, specific situation and existence, refer to the global situation and the global step on energy fuel becomes bigger with each step. Therefore, a more and more needed, soon to be added supplement, accompanying, supplementing the source. The closest available alternatives to humans are so-called biofuels...

The purpose of this study is the analysis of the dynamics of tectonic movements accompanied by two strong seismic events that occurred in the Durres area (Albania) in September-November 2019, through the use of GNSS technology, applied to national permanent satellite geodetic networks. Previous studies have been carried out on our study area by foreign authors from Croatia, Greece, and Italy. For our study case, we relied on geodetic weekly data secured from the Bulletins of Italian and Austrian stations, BSW52, o...

The article outlines the practical steps and security requirements for carrying out the destruction of an industrial chimney on a platform housing an oil refinery that is close to critical structures and equipment. The chimney is 150 meters tall and is built out of an interior chimney composed of refractory brick masonry and an exterior tubular structure of reinforced concrete. A risk assessment was conducted with reference to seismic wave, air shock wave, noise, dust, and the amount of shock produced by the conta...

The implementation of Building Information Modelling (BIM) in the construction industry faces various challenges, including the lack of understanding of its broader context. The term BIM is often misinterpreted, with some individuals seeing it only as a 3D modelling tool and not its management aspect, which involves the creation of a BIM database for the entire life cycle of the project. The lack of comprehension of BIM's broader concept limits its potential benefits and hinders its integration. Therefore, there i...

In a view of the sustainable development principles, the development of advanced lowcarbon building materials represents one of the most important issues in the construction industry. To follow the current trends in research and development of building materials, special attention is paid to the reuse of all kinds of waste and industrial byproducts. One of the serious problems of today-s society is the huge production of sewage sludge from waste water treatment and its disposal. As one of the promising ways of sew...

The studied intrusive massif is an ellipse elongated in the sublatitudinal direction. Only the eastern part, 2.2x4 km in size, is exposed on the earth surface. Under the sediments, the intrusion was traced by boreholes and aeromagnetic survey. The intrusion is a sheetlike body of a fractured nature, inclined to the southwest. A zone of marmorized limestones, as well as tremolite and wolastonite hornfelses, formed at the contact with the intrusion. Among the intrusive rocks that make up the massif, three successive...

Electrodeposition of composite coatings based on cobalt alloys from citratepyrophosphate electrolytes is investigated. The features of the co-reduction of cobalt with refractory metals (Mo, W, Zr) directly from the electrolyte solution are due to the mutual influence of thermodynamic and kinetic characteristics of alloy-forming components. Modern electrochemical technologies for surface treatment of titanium alloys to create protective, antifriction, dielectric, and catalytically active materials are considered. T...

Given the large interest for future uses of hydrogen, special safety measures have to be implemented for avoiding potential accidents. The broad objective of the research study is represented by the development and testing of experimental models representing areas of analysis and study for the initiation and combustion of air-hydrogen mixtures, respectively by numerical modelling of these phenomena, in order to obtain appropriate input data sets for precision computer simulations of chemical explosions of air- hyd...

The analysis of the dynamic and fractal properties of the released seismic energy time series allows for the classification of the seismotectonic system that produces earthquakes as a deterministic-chaotic system. The dynamics of such systems suggests that relatively small changes can lead to significant (with one or more order large) jumps. At the same time, the size of these jumps and the intervals of time that separate them are irregular, and the possibilities for their prediction are limited or absent. In this...