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Mycotoxins are agents with different and complex chemical structures, with toxic effects for humans and animals. They can be present in feed and food, although in very small quantities, mycotoxins have a negative effect on the health of animals and people. Ochratoxins are mycotoxins intensively studied in recent years due to their toxicity on the animal and human body; these toxins show nephrotoxic, immunotoxic and myelotoxic, neurotoxic and carcinogenic effects. Thirty male rats of the Sprague- Dawley breed were ...

The horseradish (Armoracia rusticana) is a root vegetable that belongs to the botanical family Brassicaceae and due to the high content of bioactive compounds, it has of great interest in many biotechnological fields. The high content of polyphenols, phenols, flavonoids, vitamin C and detoxification enzymes makes horseradish to have a great antioxidant potential and positive effects on the health, being used from ancient times as medicinal plant. The abundance of minerals, vitamins and dietary fibre make horseradi...

21 strains of E. coli isolated from wild partridge birds - P. Perdix from the western part of Romania were studied. Through laboratory examination, the phenotypic characters of the isolated E. coli strains were highlighted. 21/70 (30%) of E. coli strains isolated from Perdix perdix fixed Congo Red, all isolated strains fermented lactose 21/21 (100%). Hemolytic activity was highlighted in a single strain of E. coli 1/21 (0.21%). The final identification of E. coli strains isolated from wild birds was done using the...

The objective of this work was to evaluate the physical, chemical and rhelogical characteristics of vegetable milk of soybean (soymilk homemade prepared, and some types of soymilk purchased from Romanian supermarkets). Soymilk is an alternative to dairy products and it has long been a traditional drink in China, Japan and other parts of Asia. The soybean (Glycine max) is the most important bean in the world, providing a wide range of vegetable proteins. Soybean is an important source of many bioactive compounds, w...

In recent years, consumers, including domestic meat consumers, have been looking for new products with high biological and nutritional value, plus flavour. Consumer concern for a healthy diet has led to increased demand for low-fat, low-cholesterol products, coupled with growing interest in returning to traditional products as an option to advanced processing. Game meat could meet consumer needs and requirements as an alternative to meat from domestic animals, with the following recommendations: 1. low fat content...

Aphids have grown significantly both in number of species and in number of individuals in populations, especially in green spaces in urban environments. By feeding, they affect the plants in the structure of the ecosystem at the foliar and floral level, therefore it is necessary to manage them so that they are numerically reduced but at the same time to avoid the application of pesticides. Through this work, 2 ways of management were tried for 5 months (April-August): by exploiting existing natural enemies and by ...

This paper aims to synthesize in a logical and coherent approach the main control techniques used in managing and combating food fraud, as well as to discuss their effectiveness. Given the impact that food fraud can have on consumers' health and well-being, anti- fraud control techniques used throughout the food chain are an important and relevant topic, still insufficiently addressed and accepted in the relevant economic environment. The objectives of the article include presenting the current context of food fra...

Copper has a fantastic role in the organism, indifferent if its mammalian, plant, bacteria or yeast, functioning as a cofactor in enzymes involved in various processes. In agriculture, different copper compounds are used as fungicide to protect plants from fungal diseases. In humans the role of copper is also crucial, as it is an essential trace element being involved in many processes as well as a cofactor for several enzymes involved in antioxidant defense, iron metabolism, and neurotransmitter synthesis, playin...

In the western part of Romania, Helicoverpa armigera larvae cause significant damage to several types of agricultural and horticultural crops leading to considerable economic losses, so the purpose of this paper was the use of some ecofrendly agricultural practices, namely the use of entomopathogenic microorganisms. The field experiment was conducted at the Research farm of West Land Company SRL, Jimbolia, (Timis County). The trial was laid out during 2022 vegetation season, in randomized block design with seven t...

Different oleogels were obtained from olive oil (OL), grape seed oil (GO), sunflower oil (SO), walnut oil (WO) and hemp oil (HO) using carnauba wax as a gelling at different concentrations of 5%, 7%, and 9% (w/w). The physical characteristics of the oleogels obtained, such as oil binding capacity (OBC), peroxide index (IP) and color, were determined. From a structural point of view, the oleogels were further investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). It was found that a higher concentration o...

The issue of food security, in the face of threats as resource scarcity, climate change, population growth, pollution etc confronts the agri-food systems all over the world with the challenge of pursuing resilience and sustainability. Western populations do not currently experience food shortages, but others do not have enough food available and some others suffer from hunger. Besides, a topic gaining much attention is the malnutrition condition of the global population. International research present fortificatio...

The aim of the study was to characterize the gelling effect of candelilla wax (DW) using different types of cold-pressed vegetable oil (sunflower oil, olive oil, walnut oil, grape seed oil and hemp seed oil). The structuring of the oleogels was achieved by hot incorporation of oil with different percentages of carnauba wax, as follows: 3%, 5% and 11%. Characterization of the oleogels was done by determining the chemical and physical properties of the oleogels, the oil binding capacity and the texture of the oleoge...

Pasta, is an unleavened, dry food produced from flour, water and eggs and other additions such as vegetables, fruits. In this paper on the basis of the technology and recipe of its own manufacture, two types of wide noodles with broth and wide noodles with spinach were obtained. Based on the methods of the quality standards, the samples of noodles were evaluated physicochemical from the point of view of the water content, as well as the content of protein and ash substances. The results obtained by physicochemical...

The artisanally produced cheese feels a major comeback. Shops specialising in artisanal cheeses are increasingly selling artisanal cheeses made by local producers. In this work we made an assortment of matured cheese, from cow's milk, according to a traditional recipe from Harghita County, Romania. The technological process of obtaining ripened cheeses from cow's milk, studied by us, complies with the traditional technology used for many years. The products obtained were physicochemical evaluated in terms of moist...

This study was examined to assess the beneficial effects of baobab flour (BF) on wheat flour (WF) muffins. Four (4) types of muffins, including control and 3 with 10, 20, and 30% BF, were produced and analyzed from a nutritional, phytochemical, and organoleptic point of view. The results of the nutritional analyses revealed that partial substitution of WF by BF significantly improved the nutritional characteristics of the muffins. There was a significant increase in mineral and lipid content in the muffins as BF b...

Goji fruits (Lycium barbarum) are known for their very high content of antioxidants, supplemented by a high intake of vitamins, (including vitamins A, C and vitamins from the B complex), minerals (calcium, magnesium, selenium), proteins, fibers and amino acids. Thus, goji fruits have a very high nutritional potential, which is why their inclusion in the daily menu or their use for therapeutic purposes have proven extremely beneficial for the human body. Hazelnuts (Corylus avelana) and pistachios (Pistachia vera) a...

In cattle, uterine infections are one of the major causes of reproductive disorders. These bacterial infections are frequently treated with antibiotics, but their effectiveness must be evaluated, due to the continuous emergence of bacterial strains with multiple drug resistances. The research was conducted on several 190 samples from cows with a presumptive diagnosis of endometritis. The exploitation technology practiced at this farm is the free stall type. Samples were collected using sterile swabs and transporte...

Echinacea purpurea is a herbaceous plant that is 80-150 cm tall. [1] The roots of the plant penetrate deep into the soil, they have fibrous ramifications, the rhizome is short. Its leaves are wide, lanceolate or elliptic-oblong, and the flowers are conical, have a violet color. Echinacea species are native to North America and in Europe they are cultivated as medicinal or ornamental plants. [17] The research focused on determining the photosynthetic rate in this species, using variants cultivated both in vivo and ...

The purpose of the paper was to assess the rheological properties of some kinds of sausages from the local market. Three different kinds of sausages were chosen: Cabanos (CS), Peasant (PS) and Grill (GS). In order to analyze the viscoelastic characteristics stress relaxation tests were run on the above food at the room temperature. With the "Origin" program, the graphic part was made, obtaining for each three compression curves. From these curves were calculated the compression module (or elasticity module or Youn...

The areas occupied by permanent grasslands constitute one of the most important ecosystems of the Earth, occupying almost half of it. The use of land covered by grasslands and climate changes are the main stressors of grass communities and implicitly of grassland ecosystems. Its multifunctionality (food source for ruminants, insect habitat, means of soil and water conservation, as well as outdoor activities, etc.) is gradually affected, thus diminishing the mentioned functions. The purpose of this paper is to anal...