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Poland's membership in the European Union obliges us to implement the rules binding in the Member States and to the preservation of the principles of sustainable development understood as the integration of economic, social and legal activities through the implementation of new technologies for environmental protection. In order to fulfill the obligations arising from the Directive of the European Parliament and the Council 2010/31/UE of May 19, 2010 on the energy performance of buildings, from January 1, 2017, ac...

Any infrastructure investment is implemented in specific environmental surroundings and among specific local community. Its consequences include changes in spatial land management and environmental transformations, often leading to social-spatial NIMBY conflicts (Not In My Back Yard). Such conflicts currently constitute a very serious problem of local socio-political life in Poland, and reflect the imperfections of the planning and spatial management system. They result from the conflict of interests of the invest...

The optimization of the station points stability position in the monitoring of civil engineering structures displacements in service stage is a necessity due to the fact that depending on the location of the station points the visibility and therefore the accuracy of the determination is maximized. Because sometimes these monitored objects are no longer isolated to afford a wide range of positions of observation points, sometimes even in urban agglomerations that greatly narrow this area and the optimization of th...

Both rural areas and agriculture related to them serve a crucial role in shaping the economic growth and social development of the country. Structural changes occurring in Polish agriculture are determined by numerous factors of an external and internal nature. One of the major ones is the agricultural policy pursued by the state. Economic and social changes taking place in Poland after 1989 posed new challenges to Polish economy, including agriculture and the countryside. They are associated with a deep restructu...

This paper proposes an adjustment algorithm of GPS vector as correlated observations. The theoretical and practical analysis has been performed for the case of a small GPS vector network (of a few hundred meters) to monitor displacements of land area or deformations of engineering structures. The detailed record of correlated observations adjustment algorithm is presented. In this case, the adjustment procedure using the least squares principle can be proven to be unchanged. The key task in this approach (adjustme...

Sintioana, the component of the Sinmartin commune, Cluj County, it was necessary to execute operations at legal, economical and technical level. This operation was done successively on cadastral sectors. The present paper deals with the study of the technical operations necessary for the introduction of the real estate cadastre, as well as the achievement of the site and delimitation plans for each building in part, from four cadastral sectors of within the built-up area of Sintioana. In order to take over the tec...

The history of digital terrain modelling started in the 50's. Digital terrain modelling is nowadays one of the basic ways of a terrain representation. The basic task of creating the digital terrain model (DTM) includes data collection, generation, visualization, interpretation and application. There can be various sources of data to generate DTM. The source data set is the basic element for the accuracy of the resulting model. There is also described a few series of tests on the accuracy of DEM source data. The co...

The buildings preserved in the Old Town of Sandomierz belong to one of the oldest preserved, best recognizable and interesting from the architectural and archaeological point of view places in Poland. Historical buildings are situated on one of seven hills, like Seven Hills in Rome, the capital of Italy. Thus, the residents often call Sandomierz ?Little Rome?. Another significant element making these two European cities similar is the network of underground labyrinths being an extraordinary tourist attractions. In...

In the opencast coal mining we face the excavation, transport and the storage of a substantial volume of materials. One of the main and regular tasks for surface mines are therefore the calculations of volumes and the monitoring the progress of extraction. The main objective of the measurement is to determine the geographic position of bucket-wheel excavators and lay down their basic geometric parameters, which define their position within three-dimensional space. This way we can monitor, plan and manage mining pr...

In March 2017, the President of the Republic of Poland signed the European Agreement on Main Inland Waterways of International Importance, also known as the AGN convention. The convention and the Directive 2005/44/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 7 September 2005 on harmonised River Information Services (RIS) on inland waterways in the Community, together with a number of European Commission regulations, establish a coherent legal system to facilitate the coordination of development plans and in...

Geomonitoring of a mining infrastructure has a crucial impact on company?s proper functioning and safety. For many years one of the most popular monitoring methods in Poland was to measure the tangent directions at multiple levels of a slim construction such us headframe or chimney (bisector intersection). Modern methods contain also GNSS measurements. However, the best method to generate a true shape is TLS measurement and 3D model preparation. Analysing such model, it is possible to determine not only the maxima...

The influence of the geometry of the spatial resection - mutual positioning in the space of the receiver and satellites, signals from which the receiver is received at the time of measurement, on the positioning accuracy is considered. The position of the satellite is described through the geometric range, the direction angle and the elevation angle in a rectangular spatial coordinate system. The geometric factor is expressed through the diagonal elements of the inverse weight matrix of the position error determin...

Land consolidation is a fundamental instrument for agricultural management. It facilitates comprehensive changes in the agricultural, settlement, social, and ecological domains. Consolidation and post-consolidation development-related investments are an opportunity to improve living and working conditions in rural areas. One of the primary goals of consolidation, directly specified in the Act on land consolidation, is to improve farming conditions. In Poland, consolidation is possible owing to RDP 2014?2020 EU fun...

The studies of the rock mass movements on considerable depths can be carried out based on the network of geodetic points, present in the mining excavations. Such a network is very unfavourable in a sense of geometry, because it is, in a large part, built of open traverses. Often the only way to raise the accuracy parameters of such a network is making the azimuth measurements on selected sides of the network with the use of gyrotheodolites. Applying the carried out gyroscopic observations in the levelling of the n...

This paper is an analytic research publication. Its thematic scope is the analysis of the present status of cadastral data in Poland and a proposal of creating a multipurpose cadastre. Real property cadastre in Poland, like similar systems throughout the world, is one of the most important information systems based on spatial information of a surveying and legal nature. The system has had a long tradition historically dating back to the thirteenth century. Over the centuries it was transformed and modernized many ...

Maritime Differential GPS systems (283.5-325 kHz) are today the basic method for determining the position of vessels in coastal navigation, entering into seaports as well as pilotage around the world. Today, the position accuracy of these systems reaches about 1 m (p = 0.95) and its availability is higher than 99%. In the last decade, many countries, including Poland, have created a number of national and commercial GNSS geodetic networks. Their range often also includes marine waters, hence the use of methods of ...

Decisions related to the choice of investment site selection, made by government administration bodies, have a major impact on the economy in the region. They can cause economic growth or may cause slowing down its development. To avoid or at least minimize the negative effects of investment decisions, they should be taken on the basis of analyzes carried out earlier. Conducting an analysis related to indication the site selection for a given investment object requires obtaining information covering various spatia...

At the time of commencement of the documentation and investigation activity on the problem of critical statuses of the Zlatna mine, the subject, respectively the studied area presented an accelerated dynamic as regards the degradation of the environmental components. Information gathered from the technical and environmental documentation prepared in previous years and a site visit revealed an extremely precarious state of the Zlatna mine, in terms of safety. Against the background of the phenomenon, with broad soc...

The paper exposes the tuning and the evaluation with experimental data of an algorithm used to predict the lost data in the GPS readings due to the acquisition rate significantly different from that of the Inertial Navigation System (INS). The developed algorithm provides a real time prediction of the GPS data at the same rate with the INS data in order to be ready for the processing step, which realizes the fusion of the two systems. To acquire the data, an INS/GPS hardware structure based MEMS sensors has been d...

The paper aims to highlight a new development in the field of subterranean measurements undertaken in Romania, as it proposes a replacement for classical geodetic techniques with a laser scanning approach, through which measurements of the geometry of a terrain or structure can be made completely automatic, with high speed and precision. In this case, the chosen methods (classic measurements and 3D scanning) created the possibility of integrating and storing data into an intelligent three-dimensional model of the ...

Today, trains are equipped with up to seven different navigational systems. Each is extremely costly and takes up space on-board. A train crossing from one European country to another must switch the operating standards as it crosses the border. All this adds to travel time and operational and maintenance costs. Together with other technical differences ? for instance in terms of rail gauge, electricity voltage, rolling stock design, etc. ? the existence of more than 20 train control systems in Europe has always b...

The purpose of the pursuit of behavior in time of the deposit of dross Santaul Mic was to obtain information in order to ensure the ability of the shipbuilding for a normal operation, the assessment of the conditions for the prevention of incidents, accidents and damage, that reduce the material damage, loss of lives and of the degradation of the environment (natural, social, cultural) and to obtain necessary information for the completion of the work in the construction industry. The study consisted in experiment...