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Arbuscular mycorrhiza, a widespread mutualistic association between fungi of the phylum Glomeromycota and plant roots, plays an important role in improving plant nutrition and tolerance to environmental stress. Through this symbiosis, fungi supply mineral nutrients and enhance resistance to drought and pathogens, while receiving assimilates from the host plant. This study was conducted on a commercial plantation of blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) in southwestern Slovakia. The plantation was inoculated with mycorr...

The paper focuses on the development and implementation of the course “Green Infrastructure” within Landscape Engineering programmes, with an emphasis on strengthening practical education. This reflects the growing importance of green infrastructure in sustainable landscape management, spatial planning, and environmental protection. Green infrastructure represents a strategically planned network of natural and semi-natural areas providing ecosystem services such as biodiversity conservation, climate regulation...

The health of soil, groundwater, air and the entire environment of inhabited areas depends largely on the intensity of agriculture and its systems. In order to achieve the desired quantity, quality and economic profitability, it is necessary to apply large amounts of unnatural, often chemical substances in the production process in order to achieve the desired and profitable harvests. These are mainly industrial fertilizers, which, when used for a long time, can contaminate all components of the environment. Altho...

Climate change represents one of the major environmental problems of our time (IPCC, 2021), significantly affecting plant water regimes and agricultural production. Increased temperatures, prolonged droughts, and unpredictable rainfall patterns lead to reduced soil water availability (Allen et al., 1998), increasing the urgency for efficient and precise irrigation management. As traditional methods based on soil moisture or empirical models become less effective under variable climatic conditions (Jones, 2004), th...

In our study, we used the measurement of water potential using a pressure chamber, and we compared the collected data with the data from the Nove Zamky meteorological station for the period 21.6.2023 - 22.8.2023. The aim of the work was to compare the data collected using water potential measurements from two locations in the Nove Zamky area with the corresponding meteorological data collected from the meteorological station also located in Nove Zamky. After data collection, we then determined whether the technolo...

Climate change is a very serious threat, and its consequences affect many different aspects of our lives. In Slovakia, we will also have to get used to the faster onset of warm and dry weather in the spring. The year, from a temperature point of view, ended as the 2nd warmest since 1931. Statistically very significant (annual) deviations occurred in the entire territory of Slovakia, so we characterize it in terms of temperature as strongly to extremely above normal. We monitored the influence of climatic condition...

Pervasive environmental stressors, particularly water deficits, have a major impact on plant production, diverting necessary energy away from growth and development to mitigate stress effects. This study addresses the impact of several water regimes (irrigated and non-irrigated) on royal walnut individuals (Juglans regia L.) in an orchard in western Slovakia. Our analysis focused on sap flow measurements using the stem heat balancing method from July 13 to September 21, 2021. In the midday hours, the sap flow rate...

One of the main lines of research on the impact of climate change is the study of drought and its effects on agricultural production. The aim of this study is to determine the key parameter of plant expression in relation to water stress and soil hydrophysical properties, thereby more accurately determining the need for real-time soil profile water enhancement. The research was conducted from 2019 to 2021 at the Nove Zamky experimental site, with research on royal walnut (Juglans regia L.) During the study, we clo...

Several organizations warn of the increase in temperature and the associated extreme climatic conditions for life on Earth. The aim of this article is to point out the influence of climatic conditions on the development of walnut (Juglans regia L.) in the spring months (11.5. - 18.6.) in the years 2018 - 2019, which were above-normal to temperature-normal (compared to the climatic normal 1991 - 2020) and in the years 2021 - 2022, which were below normal temperatures. The impact of the amount of precipitation was a...

Using remote sensing functional aspects of the landscape such as energy exchange between vegetation and the atmosphere, surface reflectance or vegetation heat flux can be monitored and evaluated in detail. Multispectral imagery is used to obtain information on the condition of the vegetation and plant growth, as it allows us to obtain information on possible nutrient deficiencies, pest damage or other manifestations of abiotic stress on the plants. Each surface reflects and emits radiation at different wavelengths...

The threat of climate change and its negative consequences is currently a very serious and immediate problem. Undoubtedly, the most striking manifestation of climate change is global warming, both on land and in the oceans. Increasing the average air temperature adversely affects natural ecosystems, which find it very difficult to adapt to this change. Significant consequence of climate change is also the fundamental impact on water resources. In this work we focused on the influence of climatic conditions on the ...

Climatic conditions have significantly changed over the last decades. In the middle latitude, the annual precipitation total does not change significantly, but precipitation is unevenly distributed throughout the year. The aim of the research is to investigate the effects of climatic conditions on the dendrological changes of the Royal walnut (Juglans Regia L. var. Chandler) in the period from July to November 2020 in the conditions of the middle latitude of southern Slovakia. This area is characterized by intensi...

Climate change is defined as a significant difference between two mean climatic states, with substantial impact on the ecosystem. Extreme climatic events, such as higher temperatures, more intense precipitation, increased drought risk and duration as well as cyclones and flooding in coastal areas, are expected to increase in both frequency and intensity. One of the possible indicators of water stress is sap flow measurement. For this experiment were used the apple trees in Nove Zamky, Slovakia. On stem were instal...