Browse

Dematerialization of local governments and environmental economics go hand in hand in pursuing sustainable development and environmental protection. Dematerialization, a concept in environmental economics, refers to reducing material consumption enabling economic growth without a commensurate increase in content consumption and associated environmental impacts [2]. This tendency to do more with less is essential to the municipalities' environmental economy. Advances in technology and the digital skills of municipa...

Flash floods occur in small areas and in a short time after an extreme precipitation event - generally less than six hours. The intensity of the precipitation, the location and distribution of the precipitation, the land use and topography, soil type, etc. determine just how quickly Flash Flooding can occur. These types of floods are extremely dangerous and it is very important to pay special attention to their forecasting. Due to the complex nature of flash floods, in addition to the qualification and experience ...

The results of the study of granites of the north-east of the Verkhoyansk-Kolyma orogen bearing rare-earth mineralization are summarized in the article. Ore-bearing granites are classified as A-type of postorogenic and rift-related geodynamic conditions. Three groups are identified in them, differing in the origin and scale of the associated rareearth mineralization. The most ore-bearing granites are spatially and genetically related to alkaline-ultrabasic - alkaline-basic formations and formed within a long-lived...

From an ecological perspective, increasing autonomy in subsea operations is vital for maintaining marine sustainability. These operations involve inspecting, maintaining, and repairing underwater equipment and structures, which can significantly impact the ecosystem if not carried out correctly. Using precise systems can reduce the risk of human error and minimize disturbance to the surrounding environment. This article presents an integrated head tracking system for ROV submarines, using a 3- dimensional orbiting...

In this study, a rapid compression machine (RCM) was used to study the traditional JP- 5 fuel and the JP-5 surrogate. In the experiment, the ignition delay characteristics with low-to-intermediate temperature compression temperatures ranging from 675-800K, compression pressures of 10, 15 and 20bar, and equivalence ratios of 0.25 and 0.37 are discussed. Among them, the auto-ignition delay time of JP-5 and the surrogate all shorten the ignition delay time as the compression pressure and equivalence ratio increases, ...

Lithium is a fast growing sector. It is used in the production of lithium-ion batteries, which are widely used in smartphones, laptops, electric vehicles such as hybrid cars, electric vehicles or e-bikes. The need for this element is dictated by modern demand. The main deposits of lithium, known in Kazakhstan, were explored back in Soviet times, and since then not everyone understood the need for this metal, they were mothballed as a strategic reserve. Such objects include the Medvedka, Akhmetkino deposits, the Sh...

Cemented paste backfill (CPB) is an engineering mixture of mine tailings, cement and water. Tailings can commonly contain sulphidic minerals. In this case, acid mine drainage (AMD) may occur due to the oxidation of sulphidic minerals present in the body of the CPB. In general, AMD lowers the pH of the medium and water environment and may cause heavy metal release. Therefore, AMD potential is an important parameter to be considered with regard to environmental aspect. Static tests are widely used to determine the A...

The fourth industrial revolution is currently underway in the global economy. It affects any company, including those applying green technologies whose main purpose is to reduce climate change, the loss of biodiversity and pollution when performing economic activity. Strategic management of the processes is essential for companies to achieve their main goal in parallel with the efficient use of resources when transitioning to a circular economy. Strategic management improves the company-s ability to solve both env...

Copper has a fantastic role in the organism, indifferent if its mammalian, plant, bacteria or yeast, functioning as a cofactor in enzymes involved in various processes. In agriculture, different copper compounds are used as fungicide to protect plants from fungal diseases. In humans the role of copper is also crucial, as it is an essential trace element being involved in many processes as well as a cofactor for several enzymes involved in antioxidant defense, iron metabolism, and neurotransmitter synthesis, playin...

The problem is actual when slope stabilizations are implemented, when the strengthening systems and re-slopes cannot secure road traffic. There are three main reasons for the problem: climate changes, insufficient funds for strengthened infrastructure and implementation by companies without experience in geotechnical construction. A half-tunnel is used in the presence of a retaining wall, which needs to be integrated into the structure of the new facility. For environmental reasons and traffic safety requirements,...

The possibilities and prospects of a solar sail using to solve new problems of space systems control are discussed. The economic and environmental benefits that can be obtained with this control method for interplanetary transitions or for the functioning of the space system in the near-planetary space are considered. This type of control is carried out through the use of special solar sail designs that allow the maximum use of light pressure. The very idea of the solar sail control is connected with the search fo...

Environmental pollution from polymer waste is one of the severe ecological problems. As of today, each day, approximately eight million pieces of plastic waste reach the ocean, where they are transformed into microplastics (small particles). Organisms in the sea are eating microplastics. The harmful effects of garbage ultimately affect humans. Due to the magnitude of the problem, the demand for biodegradable, eco-friendly materials, which will decompose after the operational period and will not pollute the environ...

In the exploration and mining industry, fixed and mobile machines use hydraulic drive systems (HDSs) involving hydraulic cylinders powered at high pressure rates. Such cylinders operate in heavy and high-magnitude dynamic load regimes, e.g., as part of mobile crusher buckets, excavators and mini excavators, hook-lift trailers, or mobile hydraulic jacks. In this context, there are two solutions for generating high pressure rates in HDSs: (1) by using high-pressure pumps, or (2) by using hydraulic power units consis...

This article is devoted to the analysis of the consequences of military actions using the integration of spectral indices and remote sensing to assess the affected areas. Military conflicts have significant impacts on the natural and human environment, and accurately quantifying the extent of damage is an important task for recovery and humanitarian assistance. This paper examines the role of spectral indices such as the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), and the No...

The high jewelry industry, and its supply chain, are considered complex systems that have positively affected the global economy as well as potentially harmed the environment and society due to its resources exploitation. As a consequence, consumers are increasingly demanding for sustainable processes that guarantee traceability through the extraction and manufacturing phases. The aim of this paper is to present and evaluate potential solutions for the traceability of high jewelry raw materials. First of all, this...

As of 1.1.2023, a legal obligation under Decree No. 264/2020 Coll., Section 4, point 1 and Section 12 to calculate the total delivered energy for buildings with cooling, humidity adjustment and/or electricity generation by a maximum hourly step has been established in the Czech Republic. The current monthly calculations represented stationary thermal balances of losses and gains. The new hourly calculation is a dynamic model. The accuracy of the model increases significantly based on the solution of the differenti...

The present material demonstrates appliance of regional studies on the area of Central Danube Plain in Bulgaria for determination the characteristic maximum flows at nonobserved river sections with focusing on for flood risk areas. River flow is characterized by annual variability in maximum runoff caused by climatic factors and anthropogenic impacts. For this reason, in most cases, information from hydrometric stations cannot be used directly. One of the main tasks of hydrological research is the transfer of info...

The fast-spreading wildfire engulfs the dense parched flora and all obstructions in its way, transforming a woodland into a volatile reservoir of combustible materials. Once ignited, fires can expand at a velocity of up to 23 km/h. As flames spread across vegetation and woodlands, they have the potential to become self-sustaining, propagating sparks and embers that can spawn smaller fires miles away. The proximity of the burning materials to the observer has a direct impact on the density of smoke produced by the ...

The process of selecting and prioritizing investment project proposals in construction is characterized by multiple objectives and uncertainties due to incomplete information and the multitude and dynamics of factors that can intervene. Knowing their significance and influence on the final investment decision, it is a complex problem that requires a multi-critical analysis with both quantitative and qualitative factors, necessary for a good quantification and evaluation. In recent years, the increase in the comple...

For prospecting works on the Karsakpai-Ulytau area, we used computer modeling of geological structures and a forecast of possible associated minerals. The Karsakpai- Ulytau ore district is located in the ring geosuture zone of Kazakhstan, represented by deep faults and crushing zones, which served as channels for the penetration of mantle melts into the Earth's crust. The area has a complex geological history. The combination of igneous, metamorphogenic and sedimentogenic geological formations of the Proterozoic a...

The number of transport units in cities is increasing every year. This trend contributes to air pollution problems in many rapidly urbanizing countries. Various heavy metals and other chemical elements, including aluminum, have been related to air quality degradation. Poor air quality affects people, especially young children, the elderly, and people with chronic illnesses, causing health problems and aggravating existing problems. The aim of the research is to find out which parts of the city of Jelgava have the ...

The main goal of the analysis presented in the paper is to contribute to a clearer understanding of climate changes in Bulgaria, assessing the long-term changes in annual characteristics of surface temperature and precipitation in the period 1961-2020 and providing climate projections to the end of the 21st century. During the last decades of the 20th century, a tendency towards warming occurred in Bulgaria. Since the 1990s, only four years have had negative temperature anomalies compared to the reference period 1...

Changing climatic conditions in urbanized areas enormously impact the quality of life in urbanized areas. Persistent prolonged dry periods, extreme downpours with heavy heaviness or prolonged rainfall are an extreme problem for effective water management in cities. Extreme weather changes also risk the environment when infiltrating or relieving highly contaminated water from the first run-off. These wastewaters are a potential source of groundwater and surface water pollution in which various pollutants are concen...

A type of protection represents specific measures applied to equipment to avoid ignition of a surrounding explosive atmosphere. Flameproof enclosure -d- consists in placing the parts that could ignite an explosive atmosphere inside of an enclosure that can withstand the pressure developed during an internal explosion of an explosive mixture and which prevents the explosion transmission to the explosive atmosphere surrounding the enclosure. Increased safety -e- represents a type of protection that consists in apply...

The highly diversified structure of the vegetal carpet in permanent grasslands, made up of numerous plant species from various botanical families, also influences a strong differentiation in the consumption of nutrients by these plant species. Thus, species with high fodder value, are high consumers of nitrogen, and meadow leguminous species require higher consumption of phosphorus, calcium, and potassium. The area of permanent grasslands studied is located in the Banat Plain Romania, more precisely at the contact...

This chapter deals with the design of optimal ventilation of the Anna seam in the Ostrava - Karvina district, with regard to the parameters of the virgin mining field, depth of deposition, rock temperature, seam gasody and method of spreading. In the first part of the paper, the authors introduce a general description of the mining area, the then state of ventilation and microclimatic conditions. The second part of the paper describes the design of the method of dispersal of the Anna seam between 8-8/7 floors and ...

In this paper, we address some challenges of protracted loading times and reduced performance when managing large image sets delivered as output by popular meso-scale weather and air-quality models when used in graphic engines of associated software applications. Following an examination of several distinguished models' output, we introduce an innovative approach centered on a three-tier software system architecture, supplemented by strategies including lazy-loading, image compression, and load stream prioritizati...

Nowadays, there is increased interest in valuing energies that are often unused. This phenomenon is called energy harvesting. Thermoelectric generators are often used to -harvest- thermal energy and to transform it into electrical energy. In the preliminary study presented in this paper have the purpose to use thermoelectric elements to capitalize thermal energy release outdoor by the air conditioning equipment. The results of experimental research showed a mean temperature difference (?t) of 50-C between the hot ...

A chemical sensor of refractive index variations, which possesses prescribed resolution, is designed, implemented and tested. Enhancement of coupling forces by the Bloch surface waves is achieved by incorporating a one-dimensional (1-D) photonic crystal (PC) into the classical Kretschmann arrangement of surface plasmon resonance. The numerical optimization approach was used to establish geometrical parameters of the photonic crystal with prescribed material constituents. The number of layers, their thicknesses, an...

Forests are import to the health of the planet, as well as an economic resource of the country. Latvia has 5th highest forest area coverage in the European Union. Major tree species in Latvia are birch, pine and spruce, with the birch having one of the highest felling rates as % of end of year stock. Importance of the topic is that as Latvia, in the particular in exports of selected timber products, as softwood sawn timber, birch plywood, chipboards and pellets, are among one of the ten largest exporters in the wo...

A detailed analysis of the b-value within the Elbasani fault zone, Albania, were studied. From instrumental seismicity in this area have been located 1830 seismic events, with magnitude Ml>0.5 Richter. In the zone of Elbasani, hot mineral water (thermal waters) spot out from natural springs which have been known since the 19th century. The statistical properties of seismicity are analysed by using b-value known as Gutenberg- Richter law. The magnitude of completeness (Mc) value is determined as 2.6, and the bvalue...

The increased demand for raw materials requires to reassess some deposits that were not of economic interest in the past. Complex of modern geochemical and mineralogical methods (SEM-EDS, LA-ICP-MS, QUEMSCAN) are used to study the ore mineralization in the small scale Pozharevo manganese deposit, Western Srednogorie Zone, Bulgaria. The deposit is formed in the contact zone between Late Cretaceous andesite pyroclastic rocks and overlying volcanogenic-sedimentary rocks. Manganese mineralization forms colloform textu...

In 2011, it was decided that the carrying public transport system in Bratislava would be tram transport. Today's transport system is based on radials, it was created as part of Bratislava's first comprehensive transport concept in the ?70s. One of the disadvantages of Bratislava's public transport system is the few tram lines in the city centre, which, with a large number of radials, causes vehicles from different radials to cluster together at dense and poorly spaced intervals. The disadvantage of the radial syst...

The Arctic Seas are of particular interest now in connection with the prospects for their development. At the same time, the construction of critical and industrial infrastructure at sea must be preceded by a thorough assessment of possible geohazards, including dangerous landforms, earthquakes, geofluid outflows, marine landslides, soil liquefaction, tsunamis, etc. The purpose of the study is to highlight various seismological applications of the records obtained recently in the Laptev Sea and other Arctic Seas o...

Because of the incoming mission of Artemis on the Moon, the extraction of water, oxygen, and metal from the lunar regolith is necessary, which involves intensive power requirements. To keep a mining unit operation running continuously, a technical solution known as the Tall Lunar Tower (TLT) claims to be able to capture sunlight 93% of the time through a solar panel structure. The composition of a typical panel is 76% glass, 10% polymer, 8% aluminum, 5% pure silicon, and 1% other metals. Fortunately, we just need ...

Disposal of waste generated by the industries remains one of the major challenges to preserve the environment. Indeed, the use of industrial waste and by-products in construction is an important advantage to conserve natural resources. For this reason, several studies have focused on the use of marble waste in construction as recycled aggregate or fine powder. The work aim is to investigate the physical properties and mechanical behavior of eco-friendly mortar made with marble powder. The experimental study consis...

Determining the optimal trajectory of a manipulator is a mathematically complex part of control due to the time-consuming determination of inverse kinematics, the complexity of which increases as the manipulator's degrees of freedom increase. The control of manipulator actuators is based on algorithms focusing on the shortest possible control time and zero position deviation. Values such as power consumption, which affect the growth of the carbon footprint, are not taken into account. For this reason, alternative ...

The purpose of the study is to substantiate the theoretical foundations of the creation and functioning of science parks. The theoretical foundations of the creation and functioning of science parks as innovative elements of the modern educational space are presented. The scheme of the territorial distribution of science parks in Ukraine was analyzed and systematized, their main functions were highlighted, and the peculiarities of the organization of science parks were revealed. The creation of the first science p...

The paper presents the main limiting factors of the soils in the town of Biled, Timi? county, factors that affect the production potential of the soil cover in the area. The studied territory is located in the central part of Timi? county. The following limiting factors were reported: compactness of the soil, by 8.77%; excess phreatic moisture manifested by 12.74%, soil alkalinity manifested by 1.65%; soil acidity manifested on 0.24% and the low level of humus content signaled on 0.57% of the surface. As a result ...

The circular economy implementation demands following sustainability principles. Any degraded area, including brownfields and dumps, needs planning and assessment for primary reuse in future, whether it is green space, residential area or newly developed industrial center. Brownfields usually are associated with environmental pollution, surrounding contamination, and lost-to-economy abandoned resources. Responsible environmental and social governance principles include evaluation criteria of reclamation options. E...

The purpose of this work is to identify some meteorological risk indicators that most accurately express the extreme nature of the manifestations of atmospheric phenomena in the western part of the country, and for this we analyzed a period of four years, between the years 2019-2022. Most of the basic meteorological parameters of these years were presented for the town of Timisoara, for which we took into account the thermal regime, the pluviometric regime, the atmospheric pressure, the duration of the glow. For t...

A comparative analysis has been carried out on a set of indicators of two ways of recycling glass containers - collecting in retail stores and fast washing of containers at beverage bottling plants and processing into cullet, taking into consideration the whole life cycle of glassware production, use, recycling and utilization. Methods of systematization and statistical generalization were applied for comparative analysis. The specified work was based on data, that were received from various glass manufacturing en...

Echinacea purpurea is a herbaceous plant that is 80-150 cm tall. [1] The roots of the plant penetrate deep into the soil, they have fibrous ramifications, the rhizome is short. Its leaves are wide, lanceolate or elliptic-oblong, and the flowers are conical, have a violet color. Echinacea species are native to North America and in Europe they are cultivated as medicinal or ornamental plants. [17] The research focused on determining the photosynthetic rate in this species, using variants cultivated both in vivo and ...

The ventilation network related to a mining unit for the exploitation of the useful mineral substance aims to ensure optimal microclimate conditions in underground. An ventilation network is made up of nodes and branches in order to establish its structure. In this sense, the mine ventilation must be seen as a source of life, in which the ramifications represent at the same time the arteries that transport the air to the working fronts and the evacuation of the poluted air to the surface. In order to establish the...

In order to carry out the detection and examination of explosive substances both before and after their detonation, this multifunctional integrated system uses the work facilities provided by the use of: ISCAN type specialized equipment intended for the determination of threat traces based on the principle of ion mobility spectrometry; GSCAN type specialized equipment intended for the detection of explosives in bulk form and in closed containers using the principle of Raman spectrometry; the LDS800HDK specialized ...

In this study the effect of hazardous geodynamic processes in the area around the city of Sofia is investigated using radar satellite data. The area is of particular interest due to its high population density and high concentration of industrial facilities and residential areas. This highlights the importance of the study area in societal aspect. This the reason the authors set the main objective of this research to be the monitoring of the ongoing geodynamic processes by complementary use of synthetic aperture r...

Hydrogen explosions can occur in industrial processes, in laboratories, in hydrogen production and storage processes, or in new combustion processes used in modern transportation. This gas presents a particularly dangerous potential due to its flammability properties. The combustion reaction of this gas mixed with air or oxygen is strongly exothermic, resulting in a rapid increase in temperatures and pressures developed. When these overpressures become too great to be supported by the vessels or enclosures where t...

The transition to sustainable pathways of economic development depends on the clear understanding of the sustainability principles, but it also needs ability to evaluate critically conventional professional practices and rethink them into sustainable one. However, the previous years of struggling for economic transformations have showed a serious issue - lack of action competence when it comes to the implementation of the sustainable solutions. The design thinking is a core of professional competency and high perf...

The aim of the study was to compare variable rate (VRA) and uniform (UNI) application of mineral nitrogen fertilizers in winter wheat and to evaluate the effect on the achieved yields, nitrogen balance and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). For these purposes, a field experiment with an area of 16.98 ha of winter wheat was established in 2022 at farm Agra Risuty s.r.o. (Czech Republic, EU). Variable nitrogen topdressing was realized twice during the vegetation period based on yield potential (YP) maps. The evaluation ...

The presented paper deals with the targeted application of pre-emergent herbicides. The field experiment was established in 2022 and 2023; two plots sized 26 ha and 30 ha were selected and the accuracy of the application was tested. There were local outbreaks of weeds on selected plots of land, which had to be eliminated before sowing the main crop - soybeans. Both plots were monitored using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) - Mavic 3M with the multispectral camera. After the end of the monitoring, spectral analysi...