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Snow blizzards and snow drifts have recently proven as major winter threat for the road traffic, communications and social life in northeast Bulgaria. The geographical location of these regions with respect to the tracks of the winter Mediterranean cyclones and cold advections from north and northeast makes them indeed prone to this risk, but one would like to know if there is a significant rise in their number and severity. The main goal of the current study is exactly the investigation of the contemporary tenden...

A task-oriented software and hardware system is designed for the operational selection of the instrumentation and process design options of pressure swing adsorption (PSA) processes. It will also control physical experiments to study the kinetics and dynamics of adsorption purification and separation of multicomponent gas mixtures and carry out mathematical modeling, optimization of operating cycles and optimal design of energy- and resource-saving PSA units. The possibilities of a task-oriented system are demonst...

Ammonia as one of the air pollutant mostly originated from agricultural activities, such as manure and soil management. There is a need for precise and reliable quantification of ammonia emissions which is easy applicable on field or laboratory conditions. Cavity ring-down spectroscopy device Picarro G2508 measures ammonia (NH3) concentrations along greenhouse gasses, namely nitrous oxide, methane, carbon dioxide and water vapour content. The aim of the study is to develop methodology for NH3 measurements for Pica...

The paper analysis the precipitations associated to the cut-off lows and their regional distribution induced by the air circulation types and the position of cut-off lows in relation to the different regions of the country, in Romania in 2014. Cut-off lows have been identified using geopotential, air temperature and circulation maps at 500 and 300 hPa levels within the region of latitude 40 to 50 В°N and longitude 15 to 35 В°E. To establish the atmospheric circulation type for each cut-off event, HYSPLIT model was...

In this paper was studied areas affected by drought using Vegetation Condition Index (VCI). The analyze of drought was applied for Iasi county in areas where was notice vertical displacement. In this research, using Differential Radar Interferometry (DInSAR) technique, was detected and mapped ground displacement. DInSAR is a powerful tool to detect and monitor ground deformation. Ia?i county is considered as study area in this research. For this paper was used Sentinel SAR images, kindly provided by The European S...

The article presents a case study of the laser cutting which is considered to be a modern and safe for natural environment method of machining. It is a method that has been replacing conventional cutting in recent years. This is due to the fact that modern lasers are economical due to the demand for electricity, enable the processing of various materials and are often more effective, the machining is precise, repeatable and the laser as a tool is more durable than conventional. In the experiment described in the a...

The Greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction is one of goals of environmental policy in climate change context. The accuracy of Soil flux measurements is one of scientific challenges during last decades. The soil flux measurement methodology using gas chromatography is described and commonly used. However cavity ring down spectroscopy is relatively new technology and there is need to research optimal chamber configuration and measurement time. The aim of this study is to evaluate three types of static chamber confi...

The industrial revolution, dynamic economic growth and population growth in the world mainly affect to an increase in demand for electricity. The energy sector is responsible for 2/3 of the world?s greenhouse gas emissions. The European Union is leading the global action against the climate change, both by planning international actions aimed at reducing global warming to the level of 2В°C, as well as through its own commitment to very significant greenhouse gas emissions reduction. The decarbonisation of the elec...

The article examines the impact of climate on wool productivity formation in Askanian fine fleece sheep of the Tavrian type in the south of Ukraine. Choosing the parameters for assessing the relationship between living organisms and the environment is a topical issue. The paper systematizes the data on wool clips depending on air temperature and amount of precipitation on the territory of the Kherson region in 1990-2016. The research conducted established a dependence of sheep productivity on economic and climatic...

Generally, for co-generative applications, the gas turbine is set to work in standard conditions, defined as ISO: 15 0C, 1.013 bars and 60 % relative humidity. During summer, the air temperature increases and its density decreases thus leading to the reduction of the inducted air. As a direct consequence, the power at the turbine's shaft will decrease since it is proportional with the inducted air. Also, the environment regulations are more and more restrictive, thus leading to the necessity of researches regardin...

The study is an attempt to answer two questions: 1) which of temperature conditions in Poland influence negatively (positively) a human being and cause therefore an increase (decrease) of the mortality? 2) what are the trends of the temperature series influencing the mortality? Monthly data for the index of the mortality and for various thermal characteristics in Warsaw for 39 years from the period 1965-2016 were used in the investigations. There were calculated correlation coefficients between the mortality index...

The current paper follows the climatic evolution of the main meteorological parameters in the area of the Nadlac locality, during the period 2015-2017, and, for the same period, we highlighted the way in which these meteorological factors influenced the productions of the main crops from the studied area. Analysis of the thermal regime for the three years under study highlighted a decrease in temperature, more pronounced during winter 2016/2017. During the summer period of the same time interval, no significant de...

Our entire planet is experiencing the dangers of global warming that have gone beyond what implied by climate change. Recently 2017 has been declared all time second warmest year by NOAA on record for the entire globe, while a BBC report from Alaska ?a great thaw of America is coming? suggests that the steady rising trend of summer temperatures every year, making the thaw deeper hence causing the permafrost to become less stable, for which human activity has been the major cause of rise in temperature for past few...

Air pollution is one of the main factors that affects human health. It may affect our health in many ways both long and short term. Exposure time of air pollution increases the risk of respiratory diseases, such as pneumonia, lung cancer, and causes cardiovascular diseases. Air pollution affects different groups of individuals in various ways. An objective of this study was to investigate the level of pollution in snow blanket in Jelgava city after exposition of 7 days and to determine the cause of pollution in di...

More than half of the world population lives in cities. In 2030, 80% of the world population will live in urban areas, according to United Nations migration forecasts. People who are living in cities are exposed to air pollution. The concentration of air pollution is increased by traffic intensity. Increasing traffic intensity increases the number of automobile congestion in large cities. Therefore, there is a need to implement the measures for reducing air pollution in surroundings. Scientific studies show that e...

Universities attract a large number of students and staff who generate thousands of journeys every day. This affects transport systems in European cities and contributes to increasing CO2 emissions, since a significant percent of the journeys are made by car. Therefore, there is a need to influence the academic community?s travel behavior and to encourage staff and students to reduce car journeys and to increase travel by public transport, bike, or by foot. This would result in reduction of the negative effects fr...

The paper presents the results of meteorological parameters in vertical profile of troposphere above the aerodrome EPDE in D?blin, in Poland. The vertical profile of meteorological parameters in troposphere zone is very important in context of products of air meteorology. The vertical distribution of the troposphere's metrological parameters is also very important for performing flight operations by pilots and air traffic control services. Appropriate metrological protection allows pilots to fully prepare for the ...

A geographical location, an atmospheric circulation, a terrain sculpture and the presence of water reservoirs determine thermal conditions in Poland. The influence of these factors overlaps an impact of local factors as well as the effects of air transformation as a result of the process of an energy exchange at the interface between the atmosphere and its surface. The thermal conditions prevailing in a specific area can be determined on the basis of average values and extreme air temperatures. These characteristi...

The last cycle of the glacial history including the glaciation of the Late Pleistocene (100 to 11 kyr BP) and the modern interglacial (Holocene) is a key period in climate research. Understanding the mechanisms of growth, dynamics and decay of ice sheets (the Laurentide ice sheet in North America and the Scandinavian ice sheet in Europe) provides information to understanding past global climate changes and more reliable predictions of the future climate. The direct source of information on the temperature regime a...

The purpose of the paper has been finding an effective numerical diffusion model able to predict the patterns of the particulate matter PM10 transported by the wind within the urban area of Craiova (major city in Romania) from the nearby ash dump produced by Craiova II Thermal Power. In order to verify this mathematical model, experimental data have been gathered during four weeks in the selected area, in different seasons and places, by using a particulate matter sampling system and then gravimetrically evaluatin...

The climate and environmental interests are regulated by huge amount of legislative rules. Each country have to make national inventory of GHG and air pollutants, however the guidelines for calculations are developed by different organizations: EMEP/EEA for air pollutant emission inventory guide and IPCC for national greenhouse gas inventory. Also the state can develop own methodology to calculate emissions based on national research. This often leads to inconsistency of calculation results. The aim of this study ...

Atmospheric aerosol fractional and morphological specifics usually depend on their place of origin, they can be solid, liquid or in mixed form. Knowing diversity of aerosol sources, life cycle, ability to be involved in physical and chemical reactions and tendency to accumulate at the specific meteorological conditions, atmospheric pollution levels can be raised and exceed either national or international standards causing adverse health effects. This study was done in order to understand and explain aerosol (PM10...

The main subject of the paper is the spatial and temporal variability of biometeorological conditions in the north-western part of Poland during the period from 1951 to 2015. Bioclimate constitutes an important element of human life. Extreme phenomena are of importance. The occurrence of unfavourable biometeorological conditions according to Apparent Temperature (AT) was analysed. AT is expressed as the temperature which, under reference humidity conditions, determined by the dew point temperature equal to 14?, pr...

The article presents the characteristics of the frequency of storms in north-western Poland (Fig. 1) from 1970 to 2017. The area of north-western Poland, selected for the research, differs in terms of the distribution of selected meteorological elements, because the climatic conditions are shaped here by an atmospheric circulation from the Atlantic Ocean, the Baltic Sea and additionally from a vast continental area. The important factors affecting the regional diversity include local conditions such as terrain, na...

The numerical simulations for the vertical structure of atmospheric composition fields over Bulgaria have been performed using the US EPA Model-3 system as a modelling tool for 3D simulations and the system nesting capabilities were applied for downscaling the simulations from 81 km to 9 km grid resolution over Bulgaria. The national emission inventory was used as an emission input for Bulgaria, while outside the country the emissions are from the TNO high resolution inventory. The air pollution pattern is formed ...

Vulnerability is an assessment of priorities for implementation in a city. It is imperative to determine vulnerable regions in the city to identify priority areas that may require immediate intervention. Nowadays, several methods used for national, international and local level vulnerability assessment are based on remote sensing and GIS technology. In this research aim to determine the vulnerability of Moscow city using a geospatial based vulnerability index for sustainable development of the city. We use urbaniz...

This article is presenting a measurement system and procedure used for air pollution assessment and air quality evaluation/warning, with mobile and fixed terminals, located in the proximity of two thermal coal power plants, as well as the software used for data acquisition and interpretation. All the measurements were performed by the Politehnica University in Timisoara (mobile platform on vehicle) and by the Romanian Agency for Environmental Protection (fixed platforms, but located at some distance from the plant...

Modelling of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) requires new approaches for the evaluation of populationпїЅs exposure and associated health effects in various urban microenvironments. Such decision support tools are assisting local authorities in adapting proper plans for minimizing the resulting ecological and epidemiological impacts. An environmental decision support system (EDSS) with web-based GIS capabilities was developed to allow for examination of PM2.5 fraction concentrations in Ploiesti city, Romania. The a...

The air is a mixture of different gases and particular matter, which make up for the earthпїЅs atmosphere. They allow for the existence of all life on the earth. With the increase in population and the progress of development, more and more substance of natural origin and on general not occurring in the nature, which may affect harmfully on the environment, gets into the air. Dusts and gases, flowing in excess into the atmosphere, cause local and even global pollution. Since the beginning of 2017 all the time in P...

In Poland the fundamental energetic material for many years is hard coal. According to draft of energy policy such state will be maintained at least until year 2050. Therefore it is necessary to carry out researches and take actions in order to limit emission of harmful products associated with production and utilization of this mineral. Nowadays, pro-ecological activities, mainly focus on development and application of technology the purest processing of coal into thermal and electrical energy. However less atten...

Air pollution represents at present the biggest threat to human health due to high levels of pollutant emissions, usually in high-traffic urban areas. Air pollution has been associated with a number of health problems, including heart disease and lung cancer. Urbanization associated with rapid industrial development has led to serious air pollution problems in many large cities across Europe with significant impact on public health and even on the global climate. Information on air quality in urban areas is an imp...

The aim of this study is to assess the impact of climate change on the frequency and magnitude of marine hazards (extreme) events. The study was carried out for the Baltic Sea, which is under increasing pressure of maritime activities and becomes more vulnerable to climatic effects due to declining seasonal ice cover. Estimates of extreme events are derived from the current global and regional hydrodynamic climate models that have been used to define the marine boundary conditions, atmospheric and riverine forcing...

In the recent decades, environmental pollution has been one of the major interesting research subjects where pollution might have a direct influence on public health and possibly cause serious and irretrievable damage to the Earth. The aim was to determine the levels of the heavy metals, Cu, Zn, Cr, Cd, Pb and Ni, in soil of urban areas in the city of Brno (Czech Republic). Soil analysis was performed on urban soil from the same layer, where the soil samples come from the depth of 20 cm. These samples were taken f...

Based on scientific-technical progress in modern period the industry and transport is developed, new technologies are introduced and requests at natural resources are grown. All the above-stated cause worsening of biosphere indicators. Therefore, studying air pollution and radiation background growing tendencies has international, global importance. During last years, in most countries of the world including Georgia worsening of environmental conditions are noted, pollution of atmospheric air and growing radiation...

Ploiesti is one of the major cities of Romania, which is confronting potential occurrence of high-concentration ground-level ozone events, having in view its industrial activity concentrated mainly on oil refining, oil extraction equipment and machinery, metalworking facilities, chemicals production, etc. Mobile sources (traffic and public transport system) have also a significant contribution to total air pollutants concentrations. This study aimed to analyze the concentrations of ground-level ozone (O3) and arom...

Due to its geographical location, in the atmosphere above Romania several types of aerosol particles can be present: continental, biomass burning, and mineral dust aerosols. The vast majority of industrial facilities are located near urban areas; therefore the exposure of the human population to high concentrations of particulate matter can be significant. Although local sources are the major contributor to the air pollution in Romania, the contribution of remote sources is often significant, both aloft and near t...

The aim of the study was the analysis of subfossil Cladocera community of the Kotovo lake (Kharbey lakes' system, Bolshezemelskaya tundra) and the qualitative rating of the changes in it and in the region of study. The relevance of the work is associated with the increasing interest to the study of the climate change on the example of the North intact territories, along with the insufficient knowledge of the biota of the area being studied. The predominance of some species, zoogeography and biotopic attachments of...

Last winter, with respect to the most recent ones, was marked by severe cold spells and uncommon accumulation and persistence of snow cover in the non-mountainous areas of the country in January. These weather events provoked an intense media interest and raised up the debate about global warming. Actually, what type was the winter season of 2016-2017 compared to the previous years пїЅ normal, severe or extreme? In the presented climate assessment, a set of indicative climatic characteristics is explored on the ba...

The CO2 removal from N2 using unconventional techniques based on different (various) membranes has known a significant interest in industry. Mixed matrix membranes combine the advantages of organic (easily processable and low cost) and inorganic phases (high selectivity, mechanical resistance, chemical and thermal stability). In this study, membranes with polysulfone matrix and MCM-41 (silica) as filler were obtained, characterized and tested. The mixed matrix membranes were prepared by casting method. The effects...

In Bratislava, Capital of Slovakia, there is a huge development boom on the edge of the Old City, where is risen up a new complex down town of the city. The territory specified on the edge of the first ring called Chalupkova Centre will have around 20 high-rises with different function and there will be more than 20,000 parking spaces. At present, the operation of the territory is at the border of the saturation flows. There will be a new bus station and begins to reflect on the new tram routes. The extensive trav...

Emissions of industrial plants contain a considerable quantity of different chemical components. These include ash, soot, smoke, sulfates, nitrates, oxides of metals and other solid components. The size of dust particles emitted by enterprises are defined by the process environment and the composition of raw materials used. Particle fractions less than 10 microns (PM10) and less than 2.5 microns (PM2.5) can penetrate to the upper and lower respiratory tract. Both short and long-term exposures of fine dust particle...

In order to determine the impact on the working environment and the effects of pollutants on human operators, numerous measurements were made using an experimental stand in a forge, machine building, equipped with heating furnaces, treatment furnaces, mechanical presses, oxyacetylene flame cutting equipment and mechanical saws. The paper presents the equation of technological material balance with inputs and outputs corresponding to the process of hot forging of different semi-finished products and the main pollut...

Being an inland city, Moscow is anyway vulnerable to extreme weather, in the form of heatwaves and very cold weather, storm and heavy rains. Without action, further climate change, MoscowпїЅs population growth, and other challenges will increase the risk of severe impacts. Preparing for extreme weather and further climate change is about managing risks and increasing our city resilience to them пїЅ it is therefore as much about the economy, quality of life and social equality, as about the environment. Moscow star...

One of the main and most important features of the weather in Kazakhstan is the air temperature, which significantly affects for energy, agriculture, etc. Particular interest are the significant temperature anomaly, which is related to many dangerous phenomena. These include, first of all, severe drought, excessive moisture, which if not take the necessary protective measures, often bring huge losses in various sectors of economic activity.There is no any single universal index to characterize the conditions of at...

The work is devoted to the search for approaches to reducing the ecological risks of the urban population with the goal of preserving human health. It is assumed that a well-formed urban ecological framework will most compensate for negative environmental factors affecting human health. A methodology is proposed for constructing an urban ecological framework based on predicting the level of environmental risks in an industrial city. At the same time, the link between the quality of the urban environment and human ...

Assessment of economic efficiency of transport infrastructure projects also includes impact of these projects on the environment. This paper focuses on the effects of exogenous costs associated with removing/reducing negative externalities such as traffic noise or exhaust fumes from cars. These effects are evaluated by using Cost Benefit Analysis according to their influence on the beneficiaries. The presented analysis has been performed on the sample of 47 Czech large-scale transport infrastructure projects proce...

The article is a comprehensive analysis of the problems of ensuring environmental safety in general philosophical, legal (from the standpoint of international and national law), humanitarian, technical and economic and other aspects. The authors justify the need to study these problems from the perspective of an interdisciplinary approach, which greatly expands the possibilities of their study, since it allows us to use the methodology of various branches of scientific knowledge. The aim of the work was to assess ...

This paper explores the possibilities of architectural design to benefit human condition, which encompasses physical well-being, environmental quality of life in big cities during the Climate Change era. The urban pollution is rising on a global scale. The present paper is focused on a new possibility to resolve the problem of air purification in highly-urbanized areas. The first part of the paper depicts possible usage of Titanium dioxide (TiO2) technology - nanoparticles of TiO2, as a building materials componen...

Over the past decade, the widespread concern about the staggering effects of climate change, particularly in the agricultural sector, has become very serious. It has been agreed that the inter-annual, monthly and daily distribution of climate variables such as temperature, radiation, precipitation, water vapour pressure in the air and wind speed affects a number of physical, chemical and biological processes that drive the productivity of agriculture. Thus, understanding the possible consequences of climate change...

Due to more and more restrictive environment requirements in the field of pollutant emissions of co-generative plants are imposing researches related to the more efficient work of those related to duct burners. Within in a co-generative group, placing the post combustion setup before the turbo engine makes that engine's performances to be influenced related to: flame stability, efficiency and emissions. The paper presents the results of a duct burner achieved on a test bench, when it operates at partial loads on n...