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National Institute for Earth Physics (NIEP) has started the development of its own realtime seismic network since 2002. The network is designed to monitor the seismic activity on Romania territory, which is dominated by intermediate earthquake from the Vrancea area. In present the network consist of 115 seismic stations and two seismic array. The seismic stations are equipped with Quanterra Q330 or Basalt digitizers, broad-band seismometers (STS2, CMG40T, CMG 3ESP, CMG3T, PBB-200s) or shortperiod sensors (MARK L4C...

In-situ combustion is an effective thermal recovery process for heavy oils and natural bitumen. It is widely accepted what the success of an in-situ combustion depends on a stable combustion front. However, field and laboratory data show that combustion front is often unstable, which severely limits the wide application of in-situ combustion technique. The goal of this work is to develop oil-soluble metal-based catalyst to improve the combustion behavior of heavy oils, and thus achieve a stable combustion front. I...

In Western Romanian Carpathians most of the permanent grasslands are comprised in High Nature Value areas, they being used in extensive manner. The main constraints reflected on the grasslands from the analysed area are represented by depopulation and decrease of the number of grazing animals. One of the main consequences of the decrease of the anthropic pressure on the vegetation sward is the increase of the incidence of the invasive native and non-native plants species. In some situations they are producing grea...

In Romania, there are great possibilities for conversion and use of renewable energies, especially wind and solar energy. In order to maximize solar energy conversion, both as thermal energy and electrical energy, there are used sun tracking systems for solar thermal or photovoltaic panels, implying various types of drive: electric, pneumatic or hydrostatic. Based on the experience of more than 50 years in the field of hydraulic and pneumatic drives owned by the Institute INOE 2000-IHP, there have been designed tr...

In the article the authors propose a gradual abandonment of the outdated practice of early/urgent importation of energy resources to remote settlements and industrial facilities. Marked the main directions of studies in the perspective of transition from a research and development level to a level of industrial application. Examined the nature of gas hydrates decomposition with the purpose of developing a modern technology of transportation and storage of natural gas and its components in the hydrated state. Advan...

Taking into consideration that Romania is confronted with many difficulties in the treatment of wastewater, especially in its rural and less populated areas, this paper proposes to present some possibilities to increase the treatment capacity of wastewater in a small Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) plant. The functioning of the SBR operation compartment was automated by using predefined time, i. e., a programmable controller. In order to identify the possible ways in which the wastewater treatment capacity could be...

The conversion of the solar energy depends mostly on the irradiance of the Sun at the level of the photovoltaic panel. Another significant factor that modifies the solar energy conversion is the temperature at the surface of the PV panel. The energy output of the Sun is fairly constant, but the solar irradiance varies significantly from one hour to another and changes throughout the day. In this paper we are presenting the design of a simple but effective MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracker) charge controller based ...

In this paper was described a method of conducting the extraction of mineral waste from a closed mineral waste disposal facility which, for decades, has been the area of natural succession compliant with the principles of sustainable development. The facility was opearted in the period from 1968 up to 1980. During that period circa 10 mlilion tons of tailings from flotation of sandstone and carbonate copper ore were deposited. The tailings consist of of silicon dioxide, carbonate, silicates, and also aluminosilica...

For identification of pollutants, assessment of integrated toxicity biotesting is especially perspective. S. cerevisiae yeast is a convenient model eukaryotic organism for carrying out toxicological researches and an economic alternative to use of animals in biotesting. However the known biotests with use of yeast differ in labor input, demand the special equipment. We have offered express test-reaction with use of S.cerevisiae. It is known that S. cerevisiae as yeast of riding fermentation intensively forms foam ...

This paper presents the results of research of the influence of the rock-forming minerals on the decomposition temperature of the oil-soluble catalyst precursor in the process aquathermolysis of heavy crude oil. As the catalytic agent was used nickel tallate, which in the process of aquathermolysis of heavy oil is converted into an active form. Changes in the composition of heavy oil after aquathermolysis in the presence of a precursor catalyst were evaluated using the hydrocarbon type content analysis (SARA). In ...

Poland, as a country with its own energy resources, has one of the lowest energy dependency rates in the EU - 25.8% (Eurostat, 2015). The deposits of black and brown coal ensure this situation. Therefore, in the present situation, it is so important to develop effective methods of forecasting the production of these resources on the basis of internal and external factors of this sector. This paper presents the importance of black coal for the energy security of Poland and the EU. Then, what the paper describes are...

This paper presents a semi-analytical analysis of wave propagation induced by a moving load due to rail traffic. The system studied is composed of a railway track coupled to a multilayered porous medium. The approach is proposed for a 3D modeling of the railway/soil system. It allows calculating the speed waves semi-analytically as well as the displacements of each solid or fluid phase at any point of the massif in both the wave number domain and the spatial domain. A model using a complete beam integrating all th...

The conceptual approach to the restoration of natural ecosystems (ecological restoration) is to use the idea of adaptive systemic organization of ecosystems, as the driving force of evolution is targeted adaptation of ecosystems, based on feedback, towards enhancing their viability and sustainability. On the basis of the principle of information unity of natural and engineering systems considering natural ecosystems as information-driven and environment conditions as controlling factors, an algorithm for adaptive ...

The principal tool used for the implementation of spatial policy in Polish communes is a local spatial management plan. It is an act of local law and its provisions are binding in respect of the purpose of land development and the way it is achieved, development conditions and localisation of public aim investments. All actions undertaken by the commune authorities must be carried out in a manner which is both socially and economically efficient, in compliance with the requirements of environmental protection. The...

The relevance of the research is conditioned by the need to develop the theory and practice of integral assessment of the state and emergent properties of complicated natural and social systems, with the use of modern methods of evaluation. The article deals with assessment of stability of the social-ecological-economic system (SEES), being its integrative (complex, emergent) property influencing the "quality of life" of the population. The authors, analyzing a regional SEES, characterize it by the ability to reta...

At present, scale control through chemical inhibition is the preferred method in oil recovery though the principle of chemical agent action is still considered complex and not fully understood. An important issue that needs to be addressed is associated with compatibility of techniques and their impact on the reservoir and borehole zone. Scale control solutions remove deposits effectively and inhibit their formation, reducing costs associated with scale cleanup and disposal, while helping increase production and p...

The paper analyses the waste management practice for the Arad County located in the western part of Romania. Together with Timis County it forms a prosperous region in Romania, attracting numerous foreign investors, especially because its proximity to the border. The transformations that led to the modernization of land in this county were radical and occurred unevenly. The main driving forces of resource consumption are economic growth, technological developments and changing consumption and production patterns. ...

The increasing development of all industries is a trend that affects us every day. We take this as a part of our lives. Intelligent buildings are trying to meet the high requirements of the population. The aim is to combine individual rooms and power systems and to simplify their operation. Each room in the building can be controlled independently without affecting the thermal comfort other people who were located in the building. Intelligent buildings combine architecture and aesthetics of the construction, safet...

The hydrocarbon migration in a porous rock after waterflooding is a complex process. Mathematical models were developed through years to simulate the fluid flow, but input data from experimental works are needed to calibrate equations and/or trends. Routine and special laboratory analysis and measurements allow to determine the crucial input parameters. Knowledge of mineralogy, porosity, permeability, capillary pressure and relative permeability helps the reservoir engineers to predict and manage the future oil re...

The study deals with the features of using surfactants during waterflooding of an oilsaturated porous medium in the pore-scale. As an example of the study, we use natural sandstone from Ash'alchinskoye oil-field. For calculations the digital image of this sample is received with high resolution X-ray computer tomography use. The mathematical modeling of multiphase flow in porous medium is made on the base of Lattice Boltzmann equations and Color-field model. Numerical experiments are held for different values of s...

Potatoes take up metals by absorbing them from contaminated soils, as well as from deposits on different parts of the vegetables exposed to the air from polluted environments. The content of Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd in potato tubers grown in different production sites of Vushtri, Kosovo was determined using atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). Experimental work was performed at the chemical laboratory of the Phytosanitary Corporation Sara & Meti, Kosovo, which is accredited according to ISO 17025. The results of this st...

During the biomass densification can be recognized various technological variables and also material parameters which significantly influences the final solid biofuels quality. The paper deals with the experimental research of the relationship between technological variables and material parameters during densification of acacia wood sawdust. The main goal of presented experimental research is to determine the relationship between compression pressure, pressing temperature and raw material moisture content and par...

The paper describes the impact of factors which influence the buildingпїЅs energy consumption. Building constructions are important factor that influences total energy necessity for heating, where energetic efficiency presents way to better competition, since it decrease service costs. Building is greatest consumer of energy and here lies also potential of rationalization of energy costs. During quantification of energy savings there were used two methods: upside down пїЅ evaluation of savings through obligatory i...

Tonsteins are rocks which, due to their origin, mineral make-up and structure, are valuable petrographic benchmarks in the monotonously formed Carbon coal-bearing formation of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin in Poland. Mineralogical study of tonsteins is important with relation to learning more about their tuffogenic protolith. It can also serve as one of the criteria when differentiating tonstein horizons with a similar texture: structure, granulation, directions and intensity of transformations of the tuffogenic m...

The article presents data on the spatial distribution, concentrations and forms of the location and migration of iron in surface waters within the Russian territory of the Eastern Donbass. A map of the distribution of dissolved iron in the investigated territory is constructed. The areas with the highest levels of contamination with this metal have been identified. The tendency to decrease the level of total iron in the water in the direction of: small rivers of coal mining and processing areas, as well as storage...

Genesis of the Uralian oxide-silicate supergene nickel deposits remains disputable. There are supergene and polygenic hypogenous model of their origin. The second model usually involves supergene and hydrothermal-hypogenous stages of formation. To solve this problem isotope ratio 87Sr / 86Sr was determined for the first time for the Ufalei and Sakhara supergene nickel deposits. The obtained data on the 87Sr / 86Sr isotopic ratio in samples from ore zones are divided into two groups, which indicate two sources of s...

The work is aimed at evaluating the effects of deep coal mining on the landscape in the Jest?ebпїЅ Mountains (Czech Republic), where coal had been mined for more than 400 years. Changes in the landscape are described, especially new dominant features that arose from coal mining. These are mainly spoil heaps that were either reclaimed or left for natural regeneration, but also other objects used for different purposes пїЅ brownfields. The impact of coal mining on the character of the landscape in the region is asse...

The presence of metals in aquatic environment is known to cause several health problems to animals and human beings. The levels of heavy metals in wastewater and drinking water must be reduced to the maximum permissible concentration. Clays are abundant and inexpensive layered alumino-silicate minerals that have adsorbent properties. In general, chemical species can interact with clays either by ion exchange or physisorption, both being reversible processes. Among the mineral clays, smectites, especially montmoril...

Purpose пїЅ Organization of future is organization which combines old employees know how with young employees enthusiasm and management tools customized for knowhow transfer. Global economic situation, crises and migration phenomena, IT new challenges( global networks) and the new way of human being interaction contribute for a new society, for new business approach and knowledge transfer will make a difference, will create a new framework for a new business models. The question is for organization of future if it...

In this contribution we focus on the development of land use changes in two vineyard villages - RybnпїЅk and ?ajkov. Selected villages have very old vineyard tradition. Until now the traditional agricultural landscape (TAL) is fragmentary preserved here. They are localized in the Middle-Hron river region (Slovakia). The aim of this article is to evaluate and compare changes of secondary landscape structure (SLS) in two time periods (1949-1986 and 1986-2016). Processes of maps visualization were done in ArcGIS 10.2...

Pre-failed landslides occurring in quasi-homogeneous soils are difficult to be characterized from the standpoint of their partially formed failure surface geometry. The paper presents the combined geotechnical investigation methods (fully sampled boreholes with laboratory tests, in-situ dynamic probing and so on) giving a very accurate point-wise description of the soil, with geophysical methods (electric resistivity tomography пїЅ ERT, seismic refraction and multichannel analysis of surface waves пїЅ MASW) provid...

Denitrifying bioreactors can be used to reduce high nitrate concentrations in agricultural runoff in situ. They operate on the basis of the flow of nitrate-rich water through a filtration medium containing biodegradable organic matter that serves as an organic carbon source for denitrification bacteria. However, undesirable excessive leaching of organic compounds from the bioreactor fillings can occur, especially in the start-up phase. The paper presents the results of static leaching tests conducted on six differ...

Crisis management is closely related to the emergency event prevention, crisis reaction and after crisis prevention. Each country within its legislative frame has involved certainly higher competencies of Rescue system forces, Integrated system forces or firefighters who are mostly acting part of Integrated rescue system in Slovakia. Recently there is a negative trend in European cities connected to aggressive behaviour against firefighters disabling them to do their job. It was also observed and very well describ...

The energy recuperation systems are being increasingly used in modern non-hybrid cars. It allows to recover part of the energy without mounting an additional electric engines and a set of batteries with high capacity in the vehicle. Recuperation of energy, however, involves a number of limitations resulting from: traffic conditions, vehicle construction parameters, electrical energy demand in the car and from the construction of the energy recovery system. In this article presented the results of road tests in a r...

Within the eastern Siberian platform are known objects worth mentioning from the standpoint of organizing the extraction of heavy oil and bitumen. The Siberian platform is characterized by a wide spreading of the surface-bearing and shallow-lying rocks saturated with products of hypergenic oil conversion. The article describes the results of lithologic and petrographic studies of bitumen-saturated carbonate rocks of Anabar anteclise southern slope (Daldyno-Alakit region). The upper part of the section of the sedim...

For the analysis of heavy oil samples of the Ashalchinskoye deposit the combined nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) method to measure the free-induction decay (FID) together with the Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) echo signalпїЅs decay was used. The measurements were carried out on a NMR analyzer Chromatek-Proton 20M, operating at a frequency of 20 MHz. Special control program was created on the NMR analyzer, which automatically tunes and measures full FID curve, then switches to measuring the echo amplitudes deca...

The formations having accumulated during the Upper BurdigalianпїЅBadenian sedimentary cycle following a tectogenetic (Eostiric) paroxysm pertain to the Lower Molasse of the Eastern Carpathians and feature significant lithofacies variations. The formations of this sedimentary cycle in the Sl?nic PrahovaпїЅAluni? area (Prahova County, Romania) include Molasse-type deposits featuring well-individualised geological formations. Since the formations of this sedimentary cycle are the widest spread in the Sl?nicпїЅAluni? ...

The Vrancea zone is an area of concentrated seismicity at intermediate depths (60-200 km) beneath the bending area of the South-Eastern Carpathians in Romania. The purpose of the paper is first to find historic data related to the four selected Vrancea earthquakes occurred on 26 November 1829 (Mw 7.3), 1 May 1893 (Mw 6.2), 17 August 1893 (Mw 7.1) and 31 August 1894 (Mw 7.1). Next, to gather all available historic information about those events, analyze it, assess/or convert the intensity using the Medvedev-Sponheu...

Archaeological work was undertaken to save the archaeological site. Originally the site was described as settlement from the period of Lusatian Culture. But during the first archaeological excavations, a vast and rich burial ground of Lusatian Culture people was discovered. Burials were located at different depths, often above one another. In order to determine precise location of the archeological objects the geophysical survey was used. Due to the fact of burial cremation, which means treated with fire, as a sui...

The quasi-permanent seismic activity that characterizes our planet can be very well explained through the geodynamic pulsatory model for Earth. The cosmic cycles governing effectively TerraпїЅs evolution can provide a current and pretty realistic image compatible with sustained seismic activity of the Earth. More exactly, the phases of these dynamic cycles are crucial because they correspond to a trend of planetary expansion or contraction for Terra. From this point of view there are especially important two cycle...

The Bolshoi Altay (BA) located in the north-west part of Central Asian mobile belt on territory of the East Kazakhstan. The geological structures of the BA include Rudniy Altay, Kalba-Narym (in the north-west), Zharma-Saur, and neighbouring regions of Russia and China and, was formed in the Hercynian time in the process of collision of Kazakhstan and Siberian lithosphere plates and degradation of Irtysh-Zaisan paleo ocean. Regional and local criteria for forecasting of gold ore deposits of the BA have been develop...

Nowadays the renewable sources of energy are gaining more and more in importance to meet the society requirements of energy in a sustainable way. Biomass is among the renewable sources of energy which is known and used since ancient times and it is of great importance for present as well as for the future. One source of biomass are agricultural crops through their residues but also as agricultural crops specially designed to produce biomass and known as energy crops. Although the biomass was traditionally used to ...

This study highlights a part of the results of a doctoral research regarding business performance improvement through contract management, conducted by authors in the Research Centre of Business Administration, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania. The goal of this paper is to identify key elements for lasting collaborative partnerships through an effective project management. The first part of the paper provides an overview of the existing literature whereas the second part includes research results ...

The aim of this work is to present the current state as well as a forecast for coming years in sewage sludge management in Poland after 1 January 2016. New law policy adopted from 1 January 2016 forced certain changes in communal sewage sludge management. Now communal sewage sludge is forbidden to be stored (calorie than 6 MJ / kg), therefore there was a need to increase a percentage share of other methods used for sewage sludge management. In addition there is an expansion of a waste water treatment plants and se...

The main aim of this article is to present the current situation of waste management in Poland. The most frequently used methods of waste treatment, with particular emphasis on the use of thermal methods. In recent years, the stream of municipal waste per capita is constantly increasing which makes the municipal waste management is becoming one of the biggest challenges in the twenty-first century. By 2016, most of the waste was not reused, but its way directly to the landfill. Legal restrictions introduced from 1...

The present paper analyses the use of resources and municipal waste generation in western Romania. In this territory the waste generation continues to grow but there are considerable differences between urban and rural area, regarding the resource use and waste generation per person, generated mainly by different social and economic conditions, and different levels of awareness towards the environmental issues. While resource extraction has been stabilized in the last decade, dependence on imports is increasing. I...

Detailed geoecological mapping of anthropogenic heavily modified regions has its own specifics. A high degree of anthropogenic transformation of the landscape components affects the possibility of such mapping. Comprehensive positional analysis and synthesis at the geographical point was the main research method to the needs of allocating of types of geotopes. This method allows us to create complex geoecological relatively homogeneous units of small areas. This research was done in the cadastral territory of Porп...

The microseismic monitoring is a method of monitoring of fracture propagation during hydraulic fracturing (HF)process. An array of several hundred geophones is placed on the surface to record little ground tremors induced by fracturing process. Filtration and summation of signals from geophones is essential to identify and locate fracturing events from underground. Authors propose a method of matched filtering, that is usually used for detection of outliers in music records, to improve signal to noise ratio. A rea...

In industrial electric installations there are situations when inductive circuits are connected to AC power sources. These operations are accompanied by the appearance of specific transients after which may occur overvoltage spikes that can become dangerous for components in the circuit. Evaluation of these surges and other electrical specific parameters are the subject of this paper. Measurement method is based on using a data acquisition system produced by National Instruments and MATLAB is used as software envi...

Successful development of business depends on using integrated information of business activities by management of the firm. Costs analysis of energy has important task in energy management, that present structural element for preparing of budget. Therefore it uses various economic analyses in praxis and energy management is one of these tools. Implementation of energy management in praxis goes out of necessity of environmental behavior. Using of energy management tools in area of energy cost decreasing presents f...