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The current research aims to present land cover changes for the period 1993-2019 in the arsenic-contaminated Ogosta River valley in the context of the contaminant dispersal in the soils of the river floodplain caused by the agricultural practices and land use. The investigation is conducted for two test sites situated in the upper and lower stretch of the valley near the villages of Gorna Kovatchitsa and Mihaylovo, respectively. The changes are established for the fourth level of the CORINE Land Cover nomenclature...

Currently, the issue of pollution of the Caspian Sea, which is saturated with oil industry facilities, is highly relevant. Monitoring of such objects and phenomena that pose a potential and real threat of natural and man-made emergencies, such as emergency oil spills that entail significant environmental damage, is important for Kazakhstan. The main purpose of this paper is to evaluate the capabilities of SAR and optical images in the task of detecting oil spills, having tested them in the task of mapping zones wi...

The research investigates the possibilities of using cloud technologies to supply the life cycle of satellite remote sensing of seas and oceans by using the examples of implementing a number of research projects. The need to control the condition of seas and oceans necessitates the timely receipt and complex processing of large amounts of satellite remote sensing data. Currently, these processes can be performed using cloud technologies. One case of implementing such technologies is the Google Earth Engine (GEE) c...

In the last few years, the climate change has become more and more apparent. In this time the Central European region has experienced disruption of the precipitation layout, serious storms, heatwaves and droughts. Primarily the droughts have let people feel the need for stable and predictable environment. This problem has usually been addressed as a global effort to reduce the production of greenhouse gases, omitting the option of adjusting the environment on much smaller scale. For mitigating the effects of globa...

Due to the changes in global climate patterns, wildfires have recently become a significantly greater threat to both human settlements and the corresponding activities. The same degree of threats is applicable for numerous species of fauna and vegetation, all across the world, especially in arid climate areas. Scientists that have conducted research on the subject revealed that climate significantly influences the probability of certain areas towards being affected by wildfires, especially taking into consideratio...

At the present state, the LIDAR systems have different configurations and geometries, according to their applications. The multi-wavelength Raman and depolarization LIDAR systems used in the European Aerosol Research Lidar Network ? EARLINET are suitable to provide an extended set of optical parameters for aerosol characterization which can be used in climatology studies, models and different events like Saharan dust outbreaks, transport of smoke plumes or volcanic ash. The aerosol in the atmosphere is present mos...

The microclimate of the urban environment is influenced by urban development, road surface, distribution of green areas. The city, especially with a highly developed industry, pollutes the atmosphere above itself, increases its turbidity and thereby reduces the influx of solar radiation. Such changes in the microclimate of the urban environment often occur as a result of changes in urban development, artificial changes in the relief, and the cutting down of forest plantations. Due to changes in the urban environme...

More than 50% of the world?s populations live in urban areas, and they emit almost 80% of global carbon dioxide. They are also responsible for 75% of energy consumption in the world. That increases pressure on food, water, and especially energy. These facts imply that there is an urgent need to provide low carbon dioxide level in cities with efficient and renewable energy to foster the growth of the green economy. Therefore, attention should be paid to renewable energy sources such as the Sun and be aware of the p...

Research was performed using application of airborne laser scanning (ALS) data for the assessment of land use and land cover (LULC) changes, especially for the monitoring forest succession on abandoned farmland. ALS point clouds were used to confirm the progress of forest succession process at the analysed area, not only in terms to show the occupied area, but also to derives informations about the structure of vegetation ? growth of trees and shrubs. The part of Wieliczka district (Malopolskie Voivodship, South o...

This paper deals with the calculation of rock volume located in the hard-to-reach terrain of a water dam. During the reconstruction of the safety slip of the water dam, it was necessary to remove this rock and to determine the volume extracted at a particular stage of the construction. In addition, calculations of the total amount of rock above the given coordinates of the reconstruction project were solved. The reason was the need to know the amount of rock that still needs to be excavated to get the builders to ...

The aim of this study is to validate the possibility of using the 100 Megapixels Hasselblad Hd-6 middle format camera and Agisoft PhotoScan in the Cultural Heritage documentation. The subject of this investigations is the fresco decoration in one of the rooms in the Bieli?ski Palace in Otwock Wielki, near Warsaw (Poland). The frescos cover the walls of a room of 11,5 ? 5,5 m in one of the wings of the palace. The results of the data analysis convincingly show that a higher resolution can be obtained using a Hassel...

One of the certificates that characterizes ecological landscape changeability is fractal dimension. According to Environmental Protection Agency, the dynamics and vectors of those changes can be determined in three-dimensional space where fractal dimension makes one of the axes. Entropy can be regarded as another measurement of changeability (chaos). Application of such measurement of landscape changeability as comparative patterns of land cover is the subject matter of the paper. A fragment of a vertical color ph...

Research was performed on the application of airborne laser scanning (ALS) data for the assessment of land use and land cover (LULC) changes, especially for the monitoring of land abandonment and increase of forest succession area. An automated method was developed based on the raster product of ALS data processing, leading to a normalized digital surface model (nDSM). In parallel, a manual vectorization orthophotomap analysis and spatial analyses based on the official cadastral data were performed, for comparison...

During the Thirty Years? War in Europe, the Czech Lands represented one of its most frequent battlefields. In 1647, when General Wrangel led a Swedish campaign towards the central parts of the Habsburg Monarchy, a short clash between the Swedes and the Imperial army took place in Western Bohemia near to the castle of T?ebel. Previous studies of iconographic sources published in contemporary documentary writings, supplemented by field archaeological work, have shown that the Hrotek Hill near Plan? was the likely po...

Currently, it is possible to capture geospatial data, which represents terrain surfaces in the form of point cloud, by using two diametrically different technologies: laser scanning and ?structure from motion? technology which is based on sets of properly acquired 2D photos. Both of these technologies allow to obtain a substantially the same product - point cloud, although it is a direct measurement product from laser scanning technology (TLS), while in the case of the structure from motion technology it is a deri...

Hyperspectral images and field spectroradiometer with high spectral resolution can improve substantially crop mapping by reducing similarities between different crop types which has similar ecological conditions. This is done by recording fine details of the crop interaction with sunlight. This paper deploys crop spectral signatures database interactive tool for the major crops in the Eastern Mediterranean Basin. The collection of spectral signatures of crops is performed during the growth stage of the crops. The ...

One of the results of increasingly intensive development of subsurface resources is a global change in ecological and geodynamic safety of the natural environment. It is known that intensive extraction of minerals has led to the change on the subsoil and, as a consequence, to the redistribution of the deformed state of very significant volumes of rock mass with adverse consequences for the environment. For this reason, in many deposit fields geodynamic monitoring is actively carried out using ground-based technolo...

The construction work is constantly controlled and monitored in order to ensure the compliance of the emerging building with the project for the construction and evaluation of the quality and correctness of its particular elements. Continuous control allows to provide information on the stage of work progress on a current basis, and to detect any construction errors, which in the future may cause instability of the structure. In addition to traditional methods of measuring and acquiring spatial data, terrestrial l...

Land use and land cover (LULC) in the vicinity of airports are the key elements in spatial planning and aerodromes development. In many geographical contexts there are cartographic databases or geographic information systems providing necessary and updated information on LULC. On the other hand where the geodatabases are not available or outdated the satellite images can be used for mapping, especially weatherindependent radar imageries. Synthetic Aperture Radars (SAR) operating in microwave region (L-, C- or X-ba...

The process of generation of geometric documentation is an important tasks in the field of conservation and management of cultural heritage objects. The 3D documentation is commonly used in conservation, restoration and analysis of historical objects and sites. The recent development of low-cost photography such as mobile phones, digital compact cameras or action cameras are now becoming dependable sources of data, which allow to create reliable and accurate documentation for different types of cultural heritage o...

The temperature at the Earth?s surface can be estimated by ground-based methods or satellite remote sensing data. Satellite remote sensing is the only means of obtaining longterm homogeneous series of land surface temperature data. The network of ground-based observations usually is quite rare, so it is important to obtain information by remote methods. From the values of the thermal infrared spectral bands, it is possible to determine the radio brightness temperature of the underlying surface. The compilation of ...

During the satellite SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) data analysis it is highly important to remove all the noise components from the image. The most critical disturbance that affects radar images is speckle noise. Many different filtration methods to reduce this noise have been proposed in the literature up to now. This paper presents the results of SAR image filtration using the methods of mathematical morphology. During this work over 20 different morphological filters have been tested ? both classical ones (ope...

The Digital Terrain Model (DTM) is a set of XYZ coordinates of appropriately selected points of the terrain surface created as its digital representation and the algorithms enabling the reconstruction of its shape in a specific area. The quality of a DTM depends on several factors like precision, accuracy and reliability of the measurements. This study was conducted in order to develop and evaluate the method enabling the analysis of the accuracy of the DTM without field measurements. The research was carried out ...

Unmanned aerial vehicles are used now in different spheres of economy from agriculture to inspection of industrial facilities. In view of the increased demand for this type of service, the quality of the data received has become a question. One of the most important factors affecting the quality of the data is the efficiency of self-calibration of non-metric digital cameras. The criteria have been defined for evaluating the effectiveness and feasibility of self-calibration for a particular photogrammetric network,...

The aim of this paper is to analyze the possibility to use a wide angle lens for historical basements investigation. For this purpose the test site located in the Bieli?ski Palace in Otwock Wielki, Poland, was chosen. In order to generate a dense point cloud Agisoft PhotoScan was used. Reconstruction results were compared both with the Terrestrial Laser Scanner point cloud and data acquired from a normal lens camera. The main advantage of the point cloud acquired by the wide angle lens is the higher robustness of ...

One of the problems that are encountered today is the migration from rural to urban areas. Cities are becoming overpopulated and consequently overbuilt. Due to the high demand for new residential and commercial buildings, in the last few decades, green zones such as parks are often becoming built. In the cities, there is increasingly less room left to nature. Urban vegetation has a large impact on the quality of life in cities. The aim of this research is the detection of urban vegetation by three independent mult...

The availability of drones and other types of UAVs makes this method very popular for gathering spatial data for different purposes. The derived orthophotos and digital surface models have wide usage in many branches. One of the UAV survey mission requirement are the Ground Control Points (GCP) allowing the resulting data to be georeferenced and overlaid with other data sources. Some UAVs may be equipped with the IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) and precise GNSS receiver пїЅ the Trimble UHX-5 in our case. The quali...

The new era of SAR exploitation started with the launch of Sentinel-1A and 1B satellites providing dual-polarized VV/VH imagery, free of charge, with unprecedented revisit interval of a few days over very large swaths. The research questions addressed in this paper are: how to process efficiently big set of multitemporal Sentinel-1 images in order to retrieve correctly classified agricultural crops for inventory purposes? How to reduce the amount of data and the redundancy of information resulting from very freque...

The bioeconomy field covers the agricultural domain, all manufacturing sectors and associated services that involve any form of biological resources. Thereby, the research on bioeconomy is dependent on the data collection both about biological resources (such as plants, animals, and microorganisms) and about the connex phenomena. The remote sensing techniques provide an excellent way for the acquisition of information without making physical contact with these biological resources. So that, the remote sensing find...

Our research deals with the possibilities of finding and documenting the historical field fortifications of the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648) in the Czech Republic. The archaeological site that was investigated is located in the western part of the Czech Republic, between T?ebel and VysokпїЅ SedliпїЅt? villages in Tachov district. Terrestrial laser scanning, winged RPAS (Remotely Piloted Aircraft System) and geophysical instruments GPR (Ground Penetrating Radar) and a magnetometer were used to prospect and documen...

Cultural heritage represent the way of living developed by humans and it is passed through time to a generation from another. It will always be a part from our history, and if we lose it we will lose our identity, that is why its preservation is very important. Preserving the cultural heritage is always a hard task which implies a lot of people, starting with archaeologists, architects, geodesic engineers and builders. Each of these people have to work together in order to achieve an optimum result. Photogrammetry...

Contemporary digital cameras enable automated process of creating several photos of the same frame in different exposure (bracketing). By the post processing of the photo, editing it in tone mapping, correctly illuminated parts of individual photos are merged into a new one - High Dynamic Range (HDR) image. The differences between illumination of the parts of the object in direct sunlight and the one in deep shade result in a lack of recognizable details which creates challenges in photogrammetric interpretation. ...

Satellites constellation Sentinel-1 provide costless SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) images of global range. Scientific institutions operating with SAR data received the great opportunity for carrying out continuous observations of the Earth. This kind of policy affects the efficiency of performed research and has direct impact on the safety in case on environmental threats. It is possible to monitor ground deformations of endangered areas. Sentinel-1 datasets have great potential in PSInSAR (Persistent Scatterer I...

The most direct change of a watershed induced by urbanization is the land use/cover (LUC) change, which will change the flood response of the watershed. To study this effect, long series of LUC change at watershed scale is needed to be prepared. A watershed is usually a large domain even it is at small scale considering its fine spatial resolution, so the traditional way of field surveying is not feasible for mapping LUC at watershed scale. Development of satellite remote sensing technology provides inexpensive wa...

The study focusses on an evaluation of the forest changes in the Low Tatras National Park. The used methods are based on the time series of the satellite Landsat images. The impacts of disturbances on the health of vegetation, particularly forest ecosystems, are investigated using time series methods. The main data source is the archive of satellite Landsat data. The selected vegetation indices are used and tested for the purposes of the detection of land cover changes and evaluation of the health of forest. From ...

The exchange of glaciers and climate change has gained considerable importance; therefore, many researches have conducted studies related to the subject in the world. The reduction of glacial mass changes is vital issue since it causes a significant climate change and carries certain risks. Therefore, the causes of the reduction should be investigated and the necessary precautions should be taken for this situation. As in the rest of the world, there are glacier variations in Turkey. There are mountains with perma...

This paper presents the results of joint processing of satellite data providing record of ionospheric parameter anomalies, thermal anomalies and dynamics of lineament systems during the preparation and occurrence of a strong earthquake (M6.2, 24.08.2016, Italy). We describe the methodology for joint analysis of various geophysical parameters in monitoring of seismic areas. Based on the results of step-bystep processing of satellite data, it was demonstrated that 2 months before the seismic event, an increase in th...

Changes of the lake shoreline of glacial lakes in Tatras are significant indicator of postglacial evolution of their lake basins. In this research we evaluate the lake shoreline changes of the tatras lakes on the historical and actual analysis of the orthophoto maps from period 1949-2015. We very precisely evaluated the dynamics of the lake shoreline with application of retrospective analysis of remote sensing materials from that period. In some cases it led to quite marked shrinkage of open water lake areas as th...

Traditionally, Cultural Heritage Assets are valuable artifacts requiring special - time consuming and costly - manual preservation procedures and always subject to accidentally or intentional damage. The paper main objective are: Using low-cost & real time or late -time (client-server) methodologies at all digital documentation phase, to make CHA accessible to all interested in people by supporting virtual mobility without CHA preservation cost and using CHA digital copies and exact 3d replicasto unlock the potent...

Historical buildings require advanced measurement tools and techniques to be documented in detail and precisely because of their different natural characteristics, different dimensions, and complex architectural constructions. In this study, precise measurements were made with TotalStation, and photographs of historical works were taken from different angles. The obtained raw data were evaluated in a computer environment and a 3D model was obtained. It has been observed that the use of this system, which has start...

Measuring the behavior of building components during load tests is mostly done by the methods of length difference measurement. The most often used instruments are various types of dilatometers and inductive sensors, some offer excellent precision about level of micrometers. But problems such contact measurement, measurement of only one quantity (length), limited number of sensors located on object, need of cabling, possibility of instrument damage, high price of instruments, influence of other physical quantity o...

Using remote monitoring methods, including aerial remote sensing, UAV and LIDAR (remote sensing, 3D UAV imagery and LIDAR) for high-resolution investigations of waves field characteristic parameters near the seaports, gives us the support information for decision making process. Therefore the results obtained in near real-time are useful to create optimal resolution maps for waveпїЅs reflection, refraction and diffraction, depending on necessities. In this paper is evaluated the possibility to monitoring and mappi...

The rapid increase of the population, misuse of natural resources, contradictions about potential land use are the most important problems on the agenda of many developed and developing countries around the world. In the last century, the migrations from urban areas to rural areas due to labor force employment and living conditions led to the growth and urban expansion in the cities. This situation reveals the necessary changes in land use in order to provide people with the fundamental needs such as food, accommo...

Using of photogrammetric methods on quarries of dimension stone for determining cracks parameters and stone block modeling is actual problem. The methodology of applying the modern digital cameras (SLR-type) and terrestrial laser scanning for surveying of mining objects (dimension stone blocks), reception of the information on a camp of rock mass, recognition of cracks in rock massif with following definition of their geometrical parameters, quality control of dimension stone blocks on quarry are considered. The m...

A rise of a mean global sea level recorded during the 20th and 21st century is one of the most important indicators of climate change, which induces the thermal expansion of the oceans (steric effect) and ice melting. The mean rates of global sea level rise are estimated at around 3.1 mm a year. Those rates are routinely calculated from tide gauge measurements and satellite altimetry. However, regional rates that are driven by local geophysical processes can vary significantly. Thus, the impact of sea level change...

In the process of documenting cultural heritage, traditional techniques have left their place to digital techniques, as their efforts to acquire the right data in the shortest time have developed in technology in recent years.The most common of these techniques is the terrestrial laser scanning technique and the terrestrial photogrammetry technique. In the documentation of cultural heritage, the level at which these methods are used today is quite pleasing. The greatest advantage of these methods is that it enable...

The wide availability of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) equipped with GPS, inertial system and a digital camera makes them very affordable for many geospatial applications. Just about a decade, such applications were reserved exclusively for aerial photogrammetry. With the development and popularization of UAVs, the software was developed, that allows a very high degree of automation in the preparation of standard photogrammetric products, such as digital orthophoto (DOF) and digital terrain model (DTM). However,...

The uncontrolled water flooding in an abandoned open pit mine modifies the rock mass stability, causing rock wall falls and surface erosion that may affect great volumes of material. As regards Sardinia quarries, most of the open pit excavations need a recovery plan. The last mostly depends upon knowledge of the relationship between the geomorphological asset and the nature of weathering and related erosion processes. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the land degradation with a detailed photogrammetric survey ...

Due to rapid population growth and migration of expatriate workers seeking better employment opportunities, cities in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has seen massive expansions over the past several decades. While such growth is a sign of economic prosperity of the country, they have significant impacts on the environmental, social, and economic conditions of an urban area. They also deplete the natural urban resources and in agricultural cities, reduces the lands available for farming. In this study, the changes in ...

Historical artifacts are not inherited to us, but are the most precious works we will pass on to future generations.Documentation and preservation of historical works is one of the common tasks of human being. Historical artifacts are constantly eroded and worn over time in natural and unnatural ways. The restoration and consolidation of these structures should be taken as a whole in their work. Measurements and modeling of the work should be made from technological developments. The terrestrial photogrammetry tec...