Browse

The aim of this study is to validate the possibility of using the 100 Megapixels Hasselblad Hd-6 middle format camera and Agisoft PhotoScan in the Cultural Heritage documentation. The subject of this investigations is the fresco decoration in one of the rooms in the Bieli?ski Palace in Otwock Wielki, near Warsaw (Poland). The frescos cover the walls of a room of 11,5 ? 5,5 m in one of the wings of the palace. The results of the data analysis convincingly show that a higher resolution can be obtained using a Hassel...

The use of UAVs is becoming more and more common today. Otherwise, it is not in the field of modern geodesy only, where this technology is already commonly used to facilitate certain types of work. Especially for jobs that do not require extra high precision, work in large areas, or work in poorly accessible places. This article focuses on comparing point clouds produced by the UAV measurement with terrestrial laser scanning point cloud and determining the results precision according to a number of ground control ...

Interferometric data processing (InSAR) for extraction of information about the Earth terrain and its changes is one of the general guidelines in development of contemporary space-based radar systems. The InSAR processing for building the digital elevation models (DEM) and terrain displacement maps includes a phase noise suppression step, which is usually performed by adaptive spectral filers (Goldstein filter). Such filters need an interferometric coherence value as a parameter, and a method of coherence estimati...

Copernicus is a European Union programme designed to provide a service in delivering free, openly accessible data about the Earth?s surface through satellite and in-situ observations. On the other hand, Landsat represents the world?s longest standing continuously acquired collection of space-based, moderate-resolution, land remote sensing data for those working in agriculture, geology, forestry, regional planning, education, mapping, and global change research. Although the images of these satellite systems are ch...

One of the certificates that characterizes ecological landscape changeability is fractal dimension. According to Environmental Protection Agency, the dynamics and vectors of those changes can be determined in three-dimensional space where fractal dimension makes one of the axes. Entropy can be regarded as another measurement of changeability (chaos). Application of such measurement of landscape changeability as comparative patterns of land cover is the subject matter of the paper. A fragment of a vertical color ph...

Research was performed on the application of airborne laser scanning (ALS) data for the assessment of land use and land cover (LULC) changes, especially for the monitoring of land abandonment and increase of forest succession area. An automated method was developed based on the raster product of ALS data processing, leading to a normalized digital surface model (nDSM). In parallel, a manual vectorization orthophotomap analysis and spatial analyses based on the official cadastral data were performed, for comparison...

During the Thirty Years? War in Europe, the Czech Lands represented one of its most frequent battlefields. In 1647, when General Wrangel led a Swedish campaign towards the central parts of the Habsburg Monarchy, a short clash between the Swedes and the Imperial army took place in Western Bohemia near to the castle of T?ebel. Previous studies of iconographic sources published in contemporary documentary writings, supplemented by field archaeological work, have shown that the Hrotek Hill near Plan? was the likely po...

Currently, it is possible to capture geospatial data, which represents terrain surfaces in the form of point cloud, by using two diametrically different technologies: laser scanning and ?structure from motion? technology which is based on sets of properly acquired 2D photos. Both of these technologies allow to obtain a substantially the same product - point cloud, although it is a direct measurement product from laser scanning technology (TLS), while in the case of the structure from motion technology it is a deri...

Technical progress in the field of 3D modelling resulted in increasing use of such technics to create a virtual 3D models of objects. Three-dimensional spatial models are used in a wide range of applications such as inventorisation of architecturalconstruction, an inventorisation of archaeological sites, medicine and wide-known engineering. Spatial models are created based on the point clouds acquired with laser scanners or photogrammetry. Each of these data acquiring methods has its advantages, limitations and ac...

Manuscript is devoted to comparative analysis of digital elevation models (DEMs) derived from data collected on the city road interchange of the Almaty by different methods. Nowadays this is an actual theme for the Almaty city, as the growing metropolitan area. Specifically, there is a traffic flow increase every year, and therefore it is necessary to solve the problem of the city?s road load by building new city road interchanges with greater capacity, at the same time, and to increase efficiency of existing road...

An explosion occurred at the ammunition storage depot in Padjene, Croatia, on 13 September 2011, caused by a fierce forest fire. The depot was totally destroyed and unexploded ordnance left scattered around it. A digital surface model and highresolution georeferenced ortho-mosaic were produced to monitor the cleared site of the former depot for remaining explosive devices and other waste generated by the explosion. Airborne image collection in 2015 covered the Padjene depot and vicinity with very high-resolution i...

Hyperspectral images and field spectroradiometer with high spectral resolution can improve substantially crop mapping by reducing similarities between different crop types which has similar ecological conditions. This is done by recording fine details of the crop interaction with sunlight. This paper deploys crop spectral signatures database interactive tool for the major crops in the Eastern Mediterranean Basin. The collection of spectral signatures of crops is performed during the growth stage of the crops. The ...

Thermal imaging is contemporary remote sensing measurement technique, which provides an image of the temperature distribution in the measured object. The method is widely used, due to its mobility as well as the non-destructive character of the measurement. Infrared thermography is especially relevant in the inspection of insulation, what is more, it is a suitable device for detecting thermal bridges and structural changes, which can impact building energy performance. In the paper, authors brought up the issue an...

Observation of clouds with radars in millimeter wave range is one of the most powerful remote sensing methods to derive information on interior of clouds. We have developed and are operating a cloud profiling FMCW (Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave) Doppler radar named FALCON-I (FMCW Radar for Cloud Observations) at 95GHz. It is a bistatic antenna system, which is usually used for FMCW radar, and consists of two 1m-diameter antennas with high spatial resolution of 0.18 degree FWHM. A High range resolution of 15m...

One of the results of increasingly intensive development of subsurface resources is a global change in ecological and geodynamic safety of the natural environment. It is known that intensive extraction of minerals has led to the change on the subsoil and, as a consequence, to the redistribution of the deformed state of very significant volumes of rock mass with adverse consequences for the environment. For this reason, in many deposit fields geodynamic monitoring is actively carried out using ground-based technolo...

The rapid development of computer technology and the new technologies of data processing and capturing has brought on the development of automated documentation methods. In modern cultural heritage documentation technology, there are three steps: the documentation of an object, the creation of a 3D model and the visualization of the results. Modern documentation methods like laser scanning or image-based modelling and rendering (IBMR) give us the possibility to create a real 3D model of findings in archaeology, cu...

Satellite imagery with different spatial resolutions and global daily revisit time provide much information of earth surfaces on a large scale in a short time. Thereby it is necessary to determine the horizontal accuracy of the satellite imagery to enable the possibility of their future everyday use in different application fields like environmental assessment, urban monitoring, forestry management, etc. In this research multispectral (MS) imagery from PlanetScope (PS), RapidEye (RE) and WorldView-2 (WV2) satellit...

The construction work is constantly controlled and monitored in order to ensure the compliance of the emerging building with the project for the construction and evaluation of the quality and correctness of its particular elements. Continuous control allows to provide information on the stage of work progress on a current basis, and to detect any construction errors, which in the future may cause instability of the structure. In addition to traditional methods of measuring and acquiring spatial data, terrestrial l...

Land use and land cover (LULC) in the vicinity of airports are the key elements in spatial planning and aerodromes development. In many geographical contexts there are cartographic databases or geographic information systems providing necessary and updated information on LULC. On the other hand where the geodatabases are not available or outdated the satellite images can be used for mapping, especially weatherindependent radar imageries. Synthetic Aperture Radars (SAR) operating in microwave region (L-, C- or X-ba...

The process of generation of geometric documentation is an important tasks in the field of conservation and management of cultural heritage objects. The 3D documentation is commonly used in conservation, restoration and analysis of historical objects and sites. The recent development of low-cost photography such as mobile phones, digital compact cameras or action cameras are now becoming dependable sources of data, which allow to create reliable and accurate documentation for different types of cultural heritage o...

The permafrost zone (cryolithozone) is undergoing now an intensive anthropogenic influence. The strongest influence of the linear structure could be heating of the upper part of the ground layer, thawing of ice inclusions, weakening of the soil and surface subsidence. The strongest risk for constructing engineering structures within the southern part of the cryolithozone results from peatlands because of peat soil with high ice content. The aim of this work is revealing main interpretation criteria of peatlands co...

The temperature at the Earth?s surface can be estimated by ground-based methods or satellite remote sensing data. Satellite remote sensing is the only means of obtaining longterm homogeneous series of land surface temperature data. The network of ground-based observations usually is quite rare, so it is important to obtain information by remote methods. From the values of the thermal infrared spectral bands, it is possible to determine the radio brightness temperature of the underlying surface. The compilation of ...

During the satellite SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) data analysis it is highly important to remove all the noise components from the image. The most critical disturbance that affects radar images is speckle noise. Many different filtration methods to reduce this noise have been proposed in the literature up to now. This paper presents the results of SAR image filtration using the methods of mathematical morphology. During this work over 20 different morphological filters have been tested ? both classical ones (ope...

To date, the photographic methods of core analysis are represented mainly by multispectral and luminescent analyses. There is, however, one more method called close-range photogrammetry allowing creation of three-dimensional models of core samples. This means that one can obtain a high-resolution image of the core sample?s surface and then use it as a virtual thin section. This paper presents a method for obtaining textures and surface patterns of the core, as well as techniques for their processing with the aim o...

The Digital Terrain Model (DTM) is a set of XYZ coordinates of appropriately selected points of the terrain surface created as its digital representation and the algorithms enabling the reconstruction of its shape in a specific area. The quality of a DTM depends on several factors like precision, accuracy and reliability of the measurements. This study was conducted in order to develop and evaluate the method enabling the analysis of the accuracy of the DTM without field measurements. The research was carried out ...

This article was created as a result of research conducted within the master thesis. The purpose of the research was to analyze the accuracy of determining the actual position of the photographed points according to the calculated parameters. The accuracy of photos alignment was determined as parameters, which determine their external and internal orientation. In order to determine the location of the determined points, it was decided to follow the photogrammetric resection rule. In order to automate the measureme...

Unmanned aerial vehicles are used now in different spheres of economy from agriculture to inspection of industrial facilities. In view of the increased demand for this type of service, the quality of the data received has become a question. One of the most important factors affecting the quality of the data is the efficiency of self-calibration of non-metric digital cameras. The criteria have been defined for evaluating the effectiveness and feasibility of self-calibration for a particular photogrammetric network,...

The aim of this paper is to analyze the possibility to use a wide angle lens for historical basements investigation. For this purpose the test site located in the Bieli?ski Palace in Otwock Wielki, Poland, was chosen. In order to generate a dense point cloud Agisoft PhotoScan was used. Reconstruction results were compared both with the Terrestrial Laser Scanner point cloud and data acquired from a normal lens camera. The main advantage of the point cloud acquired by the wide angle lens is the higher robustness of ...

High-resolution remote sensing, be it satellite or aerial, it has become one of the main instruments for environmental monitoring. The paper present several studies on the satellite remote sensing applicability in the domain of the numerical modeling of the marine processes at regional scales, as well in the coastal areas with difficult accessibility, adjacent to the Danube Delta or maritime ports of the Wester Black Sea Basin. The in-situ data, as generally knows as field of data, involves different collection me...

In the time before the geoglyphs? popularization by the German scientist Dr. Maria Reiche, geoglyphs were subject to considerable destruction by humans, trough geoglyphs and lines led by local roads, areas served for military exercises, etc. This problem was solved by the inclusion of the area into the UNESCO World Site in 1994. The greatest contribution to the protection of geoglyphs and lines was by Dr. Maria Reiche, who died in Peru in 1998. After 24 years of protecting the famous Nasca?s geoglyph?s and lines, ...

There a few important factors, that nowadays, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) are used by wider community, and for cases and applications, that cannot be performed never before. Small UAVs, as a photogrammetry measurement tool provide flexibility, reliability, are safe and easy to use, can be deployed in minutes, initial measurement can be delivered yet on the field, and final accurate measurements are calculated in a very short time, even using online services. A numerous cases was studied on Department of Geodesy...

One of the problems that are encountered today is the migration from rural to urban areas. Cities are becoming overpopulated and consequently overbuilt. Due to the high demand for new residential and commercial buildings, in the last few decades, green zones such as parks are often becoming built. In the cities, there is increasingly less room left to nature. Urban vegetation has a large impact on the quality of life in cities. The aim of this research is the detection of urban vegetation by three independent mult...

3D laser scanning digitization delivers digital copies of existing buildings in its natural form and helps architects and industry specialists keep historical monuments in a database and render their restoration very accurate and cost-effective smaller. Also, the digital copy contributes to preserving and protecting the monument, and at the same time it can be passed on to future generations in the most accurate way. Laser Scanning is a new geodetic technique through which can be measured fully automatically land ...

The Arctic coasts are complex and actively changing systems, their erosion rates varying in time and space. Due to global warming and its thermal and wind-wave effects, there is a tendency of increase in coastal erosion rates. Understanding of the interaction between permafrost and sea is important to disclose the background of active development of natural resources in the Arctic coastal zone (construction of coastal facilities, offshore pipelines, etc). In the present study, coastal dynamics of the Western Russi...

Syria is enormously rich in historical objects related to many cultures. The most wellknown monuments in Aleppo are the Citadel, which is on tell in the city center, the Great Omayyad Mosque, and the historical souk Al-Madina not far from the Citadel. The Omayyad mosque is one of the oldest mosques in Aleppo, located in the district of al-Jalloum in the local Old Town, which was declared a World Heritage Site in 1986 and included into the list of the world monuments of UNESCO. Large areas of Aleppo?s valuable hist...

After enormous amount of ice rain during 2014. huge damage was done in forest in Croatia, especially in the city ?abar area. Result of ice rain damaged forests is wide spread of bark beetle. To prevent further spread of bark beetles infected trees should be cut down. In huge forest area great problem is to detect areas with infected trees. Main characteristics of bark beetle damage is change of treetop color. Treetop color depends on the stage of infection and it goes from green to yellow and to red. Optimal perio...