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The small combustion devices in the municipalities are significant element of the air pollution, especially in the winter season. Currently, there is increasing a choice of the alternative sources of heating and biomass combustion. However, even in these combustion processes are fine particles formed, which affects human health. The paper is focused on the issue of biomass combustion processes in the laboratory conditions, where was monitored the concentration and distribution of particles ( < PM10) with using of ...

The buildings and services sector accounts for about 40% of total EU energy consumption, in particular residential heating accounting for 78% of this consumption. Increasing the energy performances of buildings, together with the effort to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and, implicitly, climate change are the main directions of intervention of worldwide energy strategies. In the context of a process of global energy transition, Romania - as a member of the European Union, also is engaged in a policy of changing...

Biomass belongs among renewable energy sources and its representation in national energy strategies is increasing due to the limited supplies of fossil fuels. One of the options for substitution of fossil fuels is short rotation cropping systems for woody biomass as a method of reclamation and revitalization of anthropogenic soil profiles during restoration activities in the areas after brown coal mining. The scope of the project "Methodology of sustainable agricultural management in anthropogenic damaged landscap...

This research focuses on the energy demand and the possibilities of covering the energy needs with renewable energy within the territory of Republic of Moldova. The evaluation of the alternative energy resources is extremely important as the Republic of Moldova mainly depends on Ukraine for imported energy. Developing new sources of energy will partially ensure the stability of the economy. The renewable energy will allow the balancing of the payments and will also strengthen, at least to a certain extent, the cou...

Biomass, a major renewable energy source, can be converted to biofuel. The Region of Warmia and Mazury in north-eastern Poland, which features extensive woodlands and farmlands, is a leader in biomass production and biomass use for energy generation. The Warmia and Mazury Energy Agency has developed, in collaboration with the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, a biomass energy strategy for 2010-2020. The strategy is consistent with the Polish Energy Policy and the national plan for the use of renewable en...

The development of renewable energy sources increasingly affects the shape of both energy policies and the construction of the power system of EU Member States. This is mainly due to the fact that successive legal regulations created in the European Union are increasingly promoting the so-called clean energy sources. The climate policy of the European Union, going towards "low-emission" or even "zero-emission" forces the necessity of a far-reaching reconstruction of the Polish National Power System, which we were ...

The aim of the study is to characterise the provenances of lodgepole pine ? a potential alternative to Scots pine in sandy soils ? and to recommend the most suitable ones for establishment of plantations in hemiboreal forests in Latvia. To achieve it, data on tree parameters (height, breast height diameter, quality traits, damage by cervids) from provenances originating from North America (53?-61?N, 118?-135?W) were collected in trial in central part of Latvia. The data were processed employing parametric methods....

The paper is focused on literature review from the scientific works in area of utilization of biomass in agglomeration process. Actual environmental potential of biomass, as well as its availability, emphasizes the importance of this topic. The composition and properties of biomass differs from the fossil fuels. It is important to view on utilization of biomass in agglomeration process in wired then ecological context. Technological and economical parameters are also important for its utilization. The type pf the ...

Reliability of renewable energy generation forecast became particularly important since its share denotes a constant growth in the global energy mix and the uncertainty of supply continuity resulting from this rises. Given the numerous geographic and meteorological factors that greatly influence the results of a more general probabilistic determination, an accurate prospect is hardly possible when enlarging the territory or the time span. Moreover, power systems disturbances and load variation, also unpredictable,...

Biological domestic water treatment is an important and integral step of wastewater treatment system and it treats wastewater coming from either residential buildings or industries. This process is used to remove any contaminants that left over after primary treatment. The biological process of domestic water treatment presented in this paper consisted in the activation of the suspended microorganisms, which consisted of two distinct operations: a) aeration, where the microorganisms are mixed with nutrients from d...

The first part of the paper analyses the role of renewable resources in the production of electric and thermal energy in Romania. It was taken in consideration also the wood mass destined to heating the population, as a large number of households still use this fuel exclusively. Starting from the plough land and its associated production, there is the availability of agricultural biomass possible to use for energy production. The paper is concluded with the final considerations on the benefits of using biomass for...

The energy security, the energy market and the climate change strategy characterize the current times. This forces us to seek new technologies and to modernize and intensify old technologies. The current strategy also significantly affects the blast furnace iron production and subsequently the production of agglomerate. Agglomerate production is closely related, from the ecological and energy points of view, with the production of coke, which is the basic fuel component of the agglomeration batch. That is coke bre...

Nowadays a biomass belong to main sphere of interest by reason of global energy politics. A many researcher works are concentrated on feasible solutions according with the politics a main strategy to elimination of energy and environmental load. This work is fall under solutions for energy saving and fossil fuel substitution by biomass. In concrete, the interest of authors is in iron ore sintering area and utilization of biomass as a part of sintering mixture or as a partial replacement for agglomeration coke. The...

Agglomerate is a basic input materials for the production of pig iron in the blast furnace and has in integrated metallurgical cycle important place. Industrial production of agglomerate and pig iron is a material and energy intensive and at the same time it has a negative impact on the environment. The role of searching for new additional energy carriers for the metallurgical industry in Slovakia and in the world is highly relevant. For sinter plant it is typical that the amount and types of contaminants are very...

This paper presents the results of the study of Kraft lignin hydrogenolysis process, using 5%Pd/C. The catalyst was investigated using the following physico-chemical methods: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy of diffuse reflection of the adsorption of CO (DRIEFT), transmission electron microscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, the low-temperature nitrogen adsorption. Among the products obtained during hydrogenolysis of lignin the most promising for fuels are...

We focused at the presented study at the valorization of biomass ash as filler in the design and development of new eco-efficient alkali-activated geopolymers. Since coal fly ash is one of the main precursors used for alkali-activated geopolymer production, this research examines the use of biomass ash, which can have comparable chemical composition and physical properties to coal fly ash, and thus can be potentially geopolymerized in the same way. In this study, the wheat straw ash is used together with diatomace...

Waste from poultry farms represents the greatest danger to people and the environment among all types of bio waste. Approximate estimates show that in Russia up to 15 million tons of manure and a mixture of litter with sawdust or straw are formed annually. The original litter is a toxic substance; the main bacteria in the litter are E. coli and Salmonella. The process of torrefaction of a mixture of manure and sawdust was studied. The torrefaction proceeds in a reactor consisting of three sections with horizontal ...

Due to a nuclear power station accident in Chernobyl the soil, agricultural crops and biomass were contaminated by radiocaesium, in other words radioactive caesium (137Cs) within the Czech Republic. Focused on long ? term contamination, the most important element is the radiocaesium (137Cs), which is absorbed by both the human organism and the plants and is still deposited in the upper layers of the soil. Experience not only from the Chernobyl and Fukushima disasters has shown that public access to up ? to ? date ...