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Lignin is a heterogeneous phenolic polymer that gives rigidity to plant cell walls and accounts for 15-40% of the dry weight of biomass [1]. Natural lignocellulosic materials have low solubility and processability, which limits their effective practical application [2]. Modern research on lignin processing focuses on depolymerization processes followed by conversion of the resulting monomers either by hydroprocessing or oxidation. Oxidative conversion of lignin is carried out using biotechnological methods (enzyme...

Mesoporous solids include metal oxides, silica, phosphates and other materials. They may contain various acidic and basic sites which are, in combination with metal nanoparticles, metal atoms, functional groups, etc., could be efficient multifunctional catalysts for cascade reactions. In this shot review, the most important aspects of such catalysts that furnish their catalytic activity and selectivity for cascade reactions in biomass processing discussed. A combination of one metal with another or with metal oxid...

One of the promising areas of utilization of solid technogenic waste from energy generation is their processing to produce alumina, the production of which is accompanied by the formation of by-products that can be used to produce belite sludge (2CaO-SiO2). The basic schemes of purification of the initial ash from carbon and iron oxides are proposed. Using the example of ash from coal burning in the Ekibastuz basin, the possibility of obtaining two grades of belite sludge is shown. Up to 1.5-1.8 tons of belite slu...

The immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOx, enzyme of oxidoreductases class) was carried out on non-magnetic (SiO2, Al2O3) and magnetic mesoporous oxides (Fe3O4-SiO2, Fe3O4-Al2O3). Magnetic supports were synthesized by in-situ crystallization of magnetite nanoparticles in mesopores. The surface of the support was preliminarily modified with amino groups and the glutaraldehyde was used as a linker for covalent binding of the enzyme. The supports and biocatalysts were fully characterized using a combination of physi...

Solutions to the environmental problems associated with the burning of coal in power plants are in poor condition. One of the main problems is the continuous growth and accumulation of ash and slag waste (ASW). Ash and slag waste is a major source of raw materials for various industries. However, the degree of use of ash and slag waste at Russian thermal power plants does not exceed 2 million tons / year, with an annual output of 25-28 million tons. Modern methods of enrichment and processing allow the use of ash ...