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Mining, due to its intensive economic operation, is primarily associated with negative impact on natural environment and destruction of natural assets, and that regardless of the method of raw materials extraction. So, the great challenge now is to restore natural balance to areas affected by the consequences of this operation. Literature on the subject features a lot of publications on recultivation, understood as reintroduction of forests, meadows, arable land and water courses into degraded former mining areas ...

Heavy crude oils are extracted mostly by thermal recovery methods which reduce viscosity of heavy oil due to destruction of associative bonds in a complex oil fluid. In a number of articles, it is proved that at a temperature of more than 200-250В° C there is also a certain chemical transformation of hydrocarbons, primarily containing hetero-elements. The use of finely-dispersed catalysts, injected directly into the oil-bearing formation, allows to intensify the processes of destructive hydrogenation of asphaltene...

The company "Skripinsky Quarry", LLC is mining the carbonate rock deposit. Planning the advanced processing of raw materials, the company is doing a lot of work to develop new types of products. The integrated approach to the territory development became the key for the enterprise developing the promising industrial projects. The competition of project proposals for the best use of Skripinsky quarry crushed stone screenings was organized together with D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia. The w...

The underground mining of a deposit leads inevitably to the deformation of the surface as well as to the destruction of the buildings located in the area of influence of the extraction. Therefore, the rocks surrounding the excavation, created by the extraction process, go from the initial equilibrium state of tensions (triaxial) to a biaxial or even uniaxial stress state. This secondary state of tension leads to the occurrence of rock breaking phenomena in the areas where their resistance are exceeded, respectivel...

The aim of this study is to validate the possibility of using the 100 Megapixels Hasselblad Hd-6 middle format camera and Agisoft PhotoScan in the Cultural Heritage documentation. The subject of this investigations is the fresco decoration in one of the rooms in the Bieli?ski Palace in Otwock Wielki, near Warsaw (Poland). The frescos cover the walls of a room of 11,5 ? 5,5 m in one of the wings of the palace. The results of the data analysis convincingly show that a higher resolution can be obtained using a Hassel...

Accessibility to urban facilities and public services is nowadays one of the key factors that impacts the quality of urban live. That being said, accessibility is a complex concept, which although in common use, has a range of meanings, and measuring it raises numerous methodological problems. For instance, accessibility is closely related to the concept of distance, but as a society evolves, other factors such as travel time, economic cost, different transport options, interest or attraction of the destination co...

In this paper, a computational method to predict the corrosion resistance of some ironbased powder metallurgy (P/M) materials is proposed. The samples prepared from atomized iron powder and pre-alloyed iron base powders powders were the materials analyzed in this paper. The compacted samples were obtained by powder metallurgy process, respectively pressing and sintering of the mixed powders. The samples were compacted at a pressures of 400 and 600 MPa. The sintering temperature was approximately 1.150 В°C. The inf...

This paper presents the problems of ship-generated waste management in port areas. The first part contains a classification and characterisation of ship-generated pollution, with a particular focus on waste and cargo residues. Further to that, the legal and documentation aspects of waste management in seaports are discussed, along with the basic principles of rational waste management. The second part of the paper presents a diagram of the waste management model within a port area and analyses each individual stag...

Digital ecosystems represent a new technology capable of interconnecting heterogeneous, cross-domain platforms, able to drive innovation in different industries, enabling us to connect and operate with a wide range of actors, customers, partners, companies. Digital ecosystems can be considered as socio-technical clusters of adaptive applications with different levels of context awareness, adaptability and autonomicity. The adaptive properties of an organism are closely related to the self-organizing property and t...

The proposed paper presents the situation of the Aranca hydroameliorative arrangement located in the western part of Romania. The Aranca hydroameliorative arrangement was realized in 1965 and the completion of the land improvement works in this arrangement were realized between the years 1974-1977. Since the execution, a series of rehabilitation works have been carried out due to changes in agricultural practices in the area affected by climate change. This research assesses the state of the art as well as its fun...

The proposed paper presents the situation of the Teba-Timisat hydroameliorative arrangement located in the western part of Romania. Teba-Timisat hydroameliorative arrangement was realized in 1962 and the completion of the land improvement works in this arrangement was executed between 1985 and 1987. Since the execution, a series of rehabilitation works have been carried out, due to changes in agricultural practices in the area affected by climate change. This research assesses the state of the art as well as its f...

The article analyzes how the main factors influence the competitiveness of the economy. In constructing the model, three assumptions are introduced: a) there is a prehistory of the process, i.e. the variables that evaluate the competitiveness of the economy at the time t, also affect the values of previous periods; b) there is a mutual influence (interdependence) between the variables that evaluate the competitiveness of the economy; c) the variables that evaluate the competitiveness of the economy are influenced ...

SF6 insulating installations are today the most performing technical solution applied to high voltage devices such as circuit-breakers and surge arresters. This gas is used due to a lot of excellent insulating properties. These properties are depending on many variables, one of them is electrodes? geometry and material. Generally, when studding the dielectric breakthrough process, ideal electrode surfaces are taken in consideration. But many experimental results, different than theoretical ones, could be a consequ...

Acid Orange 7 was heterophotolyzed using titanium dioxide, oxygen bubbling, back-flow tubular reactor, polychromatic radiation of high pressure Hg lamp and aqueous sodium bicarbonate, sodium hydroxide or sulfuric acid as solvents. Dependences of reaction rates on Acid Orange 7 concentrations have exhibited either straight-line (for lower initial concentrations) or a convex shape (for higher initial concentrations). Variations in shapes of kinetic curves observed were explained by the effect of decrease in both (i)...

The article shows the new methodical approaches to evaluation of planning quality and realization of technological water use process as for irrigation systems as a whole, as for separate irrigated plots on agricultural premises and on farms. There were based and developed: a new classification of irrigation systems, a new method of standard calcu-lation and possible limits of change in technical, ecological and economic values at wa-ter use on irrigation systems. There was proposed a system of technical and econom...

The article introduces systems theory in evaluating and forecasting environ-geotechnical hazards in the central area of Hanoi city. The advantage of the theory is that it includes all the conditional factors and causes of the hazards, as well as the relationship between the factors. The role of each factor is quantified and summarized by mathematical formulas, which can produce an accurate evaluation of hazards status and reliable forecast. The systems theory applied in evaluating and forecasting environ-geotechni...

Due to economic and social benefits it provides, transport is a key sector on which development is based. However, adverse effects of transport in terms of the environment, economy, and society ought to be minimised. The European Commission has developed standard indicators to evaluate negative effects of transport and its sustainable development in Union countries. This paper presents these indicators and provides their synthetic analysis. The indicators reveal that several countries (e.g. the Netherlands) develo...

The main idea of this paper is to develop a multi-agent system, integrating advanced control algorithms and acting scenarios, for optimizing energy management in an intelligent microgrid. In order to achieve this objective, it is proposed a flexible intelligent tool based on multi-agents, able to give alternatives for action to prosumers, through a specialized interface. In this respect, firstly are presented aspects related to the multi- agents (MAS) integration in smart grids? control. In the second part the wor...

One tenth of the European population lives in distressed areas where physical and economic plight is aggravated by social problems. In urban renewal, two emerging problems require attention: a) the inclusion of the local communities in making choices for land administration; b) the complex nature of the interventions due to the multiplicity, diversity and conflict of the elements involved. With the aim of providing an evaluation procedure able to aid public choice, to involve the community and to reach a shared ch...

Numerical modeling of vortex induced motions appears to be one of primary objectives of offshore constructions design. The flow around structure elements with certain elongated geometry shape as pipes, risers, mooring lines, oil rig legs etc., causes vortex induction, which in turn could lead to negative side effects such as cross motion or even to structural damage. The vibration process modeling in advance could allow the structures design and production without extra margins of safety and therefore the final pr...

Unglazed transpired solar collectors (UTC) are simple and effective devices for applications such air heating, induced ventilation, crop drying etc. A numerical model for typical unglazed transpired collector is proposed with blackened plate exposed to the sun and circular holes on square pitch arrangement in no wind working conditions. The steady-state conservation of mass equation, momentum and energy equations were considered in order compute the air pressure and velocities, flow pattern and the total air heati...

The article presents the importance of abandoned quarries for the mosaic landscape structure. Five objects {and} their surroundings in a 100-m zone located in the Polish Western Carpathians were analysed in terms of plant communities, flora, physical and chemical parameters of soils, and diversity of relief. The objects, which were originally used for excavation of marls, were characterised by the largest differences in soil parameters between the quarry and the surroundings. Xerothermic vegetation was noted to ha...

The field of construction is considered as a priority in terms of influence on the environment. Attention of researchers is now focused on composite materials made from natural or recycled fillers with clay, cementious or polymerics matrices, among which the non-toxic and biodegradable - Eco-composites, are highlighted. These are attractive because they are safer and more environmentally friendly. Eco-composites are a special category of composite materials, using materials that have the least impact on the enviro...

The paper emphasizes the ecological restoration (renaturation) of the natural conditions of a saline soil, which was previously under long term melioration. The soil is a Salinic Pelic Alluvic Sodosol with relict gleization, covering an Alkali soil (according to SRTS-2012). The site is located in Moldova Tableland, where Tma is 584.6?C and Pma is 9.5 mm. The depth of the groundwater table is about 1.80 m, with frequent seasonal fluctuations and weak-moderate mineralization. The soil had a polyphasic evolution, bot...

Approximation of multi-extremum functions problems arise in a wide range of fields including deterministic and stochastic technics, multi-parameter optimization. The main focus of this thesis is to consider the different principle of approximation problem. Experimental definition of external impacts on complex technogenic systems is related to technical difficulties. This area of research arises from the fact that many problems of multi-extremum optimization are known to be computationally difficult (NP-hard). We ...

Tailings embankments are part of the legacy left by the intensive mining industry. These vast impoundment storages are associated with some adverse environmental and social impacts creating insecurity to the stakeholders. Mining tailings may also be a source of minerals with high grades. Reprocessing techniques may be used as an alternative solution to recover some metals and to rehabilitate these sites. A sustainable reprocessing project commits to integrated management of threefold dimension objective: economic ...

This work devoted to study in situ combustion processes of different crude oil. The crude oils from different field of Russian Federation were selected. Oxidation process in reservoir conditions (50 bar and 50 В°C) were studied for all crude oils. The combustion study was investigated by accelerating rate calorimetry (ARC). This method is most suitable for studying the processes of oil oxidation in reservoir conditions. Arrhenius kinetic parameters were determined for crude oils. The correlations between API gravi...

This work devoted to study in situ combustion processes of crude oil at different pressures. The crude oils from Russian Federation were selected field. Oxidation process in reservoir conditions (50.7, 83.8, 101.2, 125.5 bars and 50 В°C) was studied for crude oil. The combustion study was investigated by accelerating rate calorimetry (ARC). Arrhenius kinetic parameters were determined for crude oils. The correlation between reaction duration and initial pressure was found.

Climate changes and human activities on Earth's surface effect on natural Earth's resources as well as on inland waters. Any changes in the Earth's atmosphere, such as changes in temperature, humidity, precipitations and their intensity affect the inland waters area and level. In order to carry out the monitoring of the areas under the inland waters economically, the satellite imageries collected by remote sensing sensors are used. Satellite imagery used for this research were cloud-free Landsat-8 imagery at study...

Global Navigation Satellite Systems became more and more popular. They are used in a lot of aspects of modern life. Users need to get better accuracy linked with small, easy to use receivers. The aim of this study was to analyse the accuracy of the NovAtel FlexPak6 receiver using Spirent 6300M simulator. NovAtel FlexPak6 is a brand new receiver fully integrated both with GLONASS and GPS systems. It allows to get better precision and accuracy of the determined position than with using only one of these systems. The...

Spatial databases collect information about geographic objects that represent real world phenomena. Stored and shared data sets are not homogeneous, because they are obtained on the basis of diversified source materials. Distributed sources of spatial data are characterized by a different organization in terms of completeness, consistency and accuracy. In Poland, the topographic objects database (BDOT10k) is one of the basic databases covering the entire country. The positional accuracy is a basic element of the s...

Currently, there are four global satellite navigation systems (GNSS), American GPS, Russian GLONASS, Chinese BeiDou (BDS), European Galileo. Furthermore, there are several systems operating on a regional scale. It is widely proven scientifically and empirically that the correct combining of global satellite navigation systems (GNSS) shortens the time of convergence of precise positioning solutions, improves the accuracy and precision of determined coordinates, and also increases the availability of carrying out me...

Crystal dextrose is produced from solutions by enzymatic hydrolysis of starch. The process of crystallization of dextrose is the most complicated and responsible. The nucleation stage is particularly difficult. The common theory of crystallization connects the rate of nucleus formation with the surface tension of the solution. The purpose of the research is to activate the crystallization process by using surface-active substances (surfactants). Aliphatic alcohols: butanol, propanol, isobutanol, isopropanol were u...

Crystal dextrose is produced from solutions by enzymatic hydrolysis of starch. The process of crystallization of dextrose is the most complicated and responsible. The nucleation stage is particularly difficult. The common theory of crystallization connects the rate of nucleus formation with the surface tension of the solution. The purpose of the research is to activate the crystallization process by using surface-active substances (surfactants). Aliphatic alcohols: butanol, propanol, isobutanol, isopropanol were u...

Petri nets is the well-known mathematical tool for the modeling and verification of parallel systems of all kind. Multiprocess Petri multinets with time stamps (MPTSM) are the newly introduced class of low-level Petri nets, whose definition and the properties are the main topic of this article; they generalize the properties of P/T Petri multiprocess multinets in the area of design, modeling and verification of generally parallel programming systems with the discrete time. The MPTSM with the support of the ASYNC-C...

The development of methods for automatic preprocessing of observational data of small-aperture seismic arrays that precede the detection and identification of seismic events by the method of waveform cross-correlation is considered. Preprocessing is based on adaptive channel selection. The methods developed by us provide for the calculation of the quality metrics of the seismic channel by means of spectral and amplitude analysis of records. The selection of channels is based on the correspondence of the quality of...

The legal review of administrative decisions by independent courts is an accepted democratic principle, present in key European practices and an important contribution to ensuring order, especially to protect individual rights in front of the administration. The judicial review of governmental activities originates in the philosophy of the state governed and limited by law, and is based on the principle of supremacy of the law. Nowadays, a state of law cannot be imagined without access of all citizens to an indepe...

In research are used objective and subjective sound features on the development of noise annoyance assessment model in urbanized environment. They represent a quantitative and qualitative evaluation of the acoustic signal. The relation of objective features in subjective features is the direction of research on the development of noise annoyance evaluation model developed for several years. The carrier of information about the characteristics of sound in the environment is an acoustic signal coming from noise sour...

Process and plant design need to be continuously improved, the use of new safety concepts to a full extent being one of the key parameters leading to their sustainable improvement. Accidents occurred over time in industrial facilities where explosive gas or vapor atmospheres may be present have put the explosion risks high on the agenda of regulators, operators, accident investigators or researchers in the field. Accidental flammable gas leaks in mixture with air may generate explosive atmospheres which once ignit...

Aerospace engineering is the engineering field concerned with aircraft and spacecraft development and operating. Thus it correspondingly has two major and actually overlapping sectors, as aeronautical and astronautic engineering. Aeronautical engineering was the original term for the field, but as flight technology advanced to include craft operating in outer space as well, this means the field of astronautics, the broader term of aerospace engineering has come since a while into common use. Aerospace engineering,...

The paper presents the results of the experiences organized on the tailings dump resulting from the surface mining of lignite in Rovinari, Gorj county, for testing the effects of a fertilizer assortment, such as: liquid fertilizers based on humates extracted from lignite, complex mineral fertilizer (N105 P105 K105 and N150 P150 K150), farmyard manure (20, 40 and 60 t/ha) and compost (20, 40 and 60 t/ha), as well as mixtures of the two types of organic fertilizers with mineral fertilizer. Sunflowers have been used ...

In the article the main results of study in the field of weather and climate risks evalua-tion for the territory of the Belgorod oblast are summarized. The directions of these risks management at the regional level are determined. Against the backdrop of global climate change, the volatility of agricultural and meteor-ological conditions not only continues but also worsens. The observed increase in the frequency of occurrence of hazardous agro-meteorological phenomena in the region is determined by climatic change...

Organic biopolymers represent a source of raw material for agriculture, because the composition of protean wastes provides enough elements to improve composition and rehabilitation of degraded soils. The main target of this scientific paper is investigating the development possibilities for various multicompound systems of biodegradable polymers and studying the effects of these complex products on the structure and chemical and physical characteristics of degraded or contaminated soils (having a poor level of org...

The current legislative standards require as much as possible energy efficient construction. Airtightness is a key component of energy-efficient buildings. Airtightness is characterized by air leakage through the building envelopes. Untightness leads to uncontrolled air exchange and increased heat loss. Using the exploratory analysis of variables is analyzed the state of the airtightness of energy-efficient buildings in the United Kingdoms in recent years. The source of data sample set on the airtightness of UK en...

Energy efficiency of buildings is one of the directions for implementing a sustainable community development program. The purpose of this paper is to present a calculation algorithm for the transfer of thermal energy between buildings. In stationery regime, this problem is reduced to solving Laplace's accomplishment with the given frontier conditions (Dirichlet's problem). For the general case, it is not known the analytical solution of these problems. Contemporary computing tools solve this problem using numerica...

In connection with the implementation of European Union's directives is necessary to make use of renewable energy sources (RES). The use of these energy sources is associated with the obligation to act in accordance with the sustainable development concept. In Poland, this concept is provided in Art. 5 of the Constitution of Polish Republic. In the paper, the overall structure of primary energy production in Polish economy in comparison to the European Union was presented in period 2011-2015. The production of ren...

In all industrial branches, the last period is under the sign of economic progress, but with the lowest energy consumption and the lowest possible release of pollutants. Technologically, therefore, the removal of polluting technologies and the introduction of new "environmentally friendly" technologies are being sought. Thus, the new industrial trend is to reduce the use of molded or forged semi finished products and the introduction of cold rolled semi finished products or other processes. This transformation can...

Climate change will lead to an intensification of the hydrological cycle and can have a major impact on regional water resources. A change in water volume and distribution will affect both groundwater and surface water reserves usable in industry, domestic activities, irrigation, navigation, aquatic ecosystems, hydropower and some recreational activities. Changes in the total amount of rainfall, in their frequency and intensity, directly affect the size and times of floods and droughts. The impacts of climate chan...

The main objective of our studies undertaken is to determine the causes of the increased degradation of the soil from upper terraces of Moldova's river catchment. In the studied area from the western part of the Suceava Plateau (North-Eastern Romania) was built in 1978-1980 with a drainage network consisting of channels and underground drains. These works have been associated with leveling, deep loosening, mole drainage and liming. The studied settlement is located on the terrace platform with an average altitude ...

Last year (2017) was one of the three hottest years on record, with many high-impact events including catastrophic hurricanes and floods, debilitating heat waves and drought. Long-term indicators of climate change continue unabated and arctic sea ice coverage remained below average. Of the hottest years on record, 15 out of 17 have come since 2000. By contrast, more than a century has gone by since the planet had a record cold year (1911). At European level, based on the three different observational records of gl...