Browse

Basalt fiber-reinforced metal-polymer composites represent a cutting-edge class of materials that merge the robustness of metal with the pliability of polymer. Originating from natural volcanic rocks, basalt fibers possess remarkable mechanical properties, such as high tensile strength, resistance to extreme temperatures, and chemical inertness. Integrating basalt fibers into a polymer matrix like epoxy or thermoplastic resins significantly boosts the composite's resistance to dynamic impacts and its energy absorp...

The study aims to identify the optimal operating conditions of wells to increase oil recovery without incurring additional costs for Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR). The study analyzes various scenarios based on different properties of geological formations and wells. This work was carried out using three-dimensional hydrodynamic modeling. These models represent a simplified hydrodynamic model of a real object, which was created for the purpose of analyzing the processes being studied, but does not claim to be a compl...

Modern electrochemical technologies for surface treatment of chromium based electrolytic coatings to create protective, antifriction materials are considered.The physicochemical fundamentals of the processes of electrolytic formation of conversion and composite electrolytic coatings are highlighted. The purpose of our researches is working out technology of nano-structured composite electrolytic coatings obtaining and revealing optimum mode for effective corrosion proof coatings electroplating. The coatings were d...

This research paper explores the advancement of computer simulation techniques to improve the safety, efficiency, and environmental sustainability of civil explosives in various engineering applications. The study emphasizes the critical role that computer simulations play in modeling and optimizing blasting techniques, allowing for precise predictions of explosive behavior under diverse conditions. By simulating the detonation processes and their impacts, engineers can develop safer and more efficient blasting pr...

In 2015, the United Nations set 17 sustainable development goals to be achieved by 2030. Among them, the 11th goal is - sustainable cities and communities. Taking into account such factors as increasing urbanization, challenges of well-being in the urban environment, the imbalance of resources, the issue of sustainability of urban areas is becoming more and more relevant. It requires solutions that balances sustainable development in economic, environmental and social dimensions. Urban agriculture is a practice wi...

The increased importance and availability of digital tool leaves an impact on shaping the digitalization of countries and their economies. Links between the digitalization and economic sector productivity and climate change risk adaptation and/or mitigation increase trough different streams have also been found. The use of digital tools can also help in decision making process in terms of climate change including the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The aim of this study is to develop a base framework ...

The paper outlines the process of data collection and processing undertaken to develop a digital twin of the central region of Bratislava city, focused on evaluating its capacity for generating solar and wind energy on an urban scale. Data sources included airborne laser scanning, provided as 3D point clouds, older existing polygonal 3D models, and other available map documents, which were processed to generate a comprehensive polygonal model with semantic information across different layers as buildings, vegetati...

Out of the 36 "hot spots" of global biodiversity, Georgia is part of the Caucasus and Iran-Anatolian hot spots. In the Caucasus ecoregion, two refugia have been identified: the Colchic and Hyrcanian. Adjara is part of the Colchis Refugium, it is the richest floristic region in the Caucasus in terms of the number of plant species per unit area. In the flora of Adjara, up to 1837 species of plants are recorded. The genus Hypericum L. stands out for its variety of species, it is represented by 18 species in Georgia, ...

The social significance of donkey milk for human health stems from its potential advantages for vulnerable populations, including children and those with special dietary needs. The variation in its composition throughout lactation indicates that it can be adapted to fulfil the specific nutritional demands of these groups. The focus of this paper is to investigate the chemical profile of donkey milk and the changes that occur during lactation. The study was performed on samples taken at various stages of lactation,...

The study aims to evaluate how droughts impact irrigated and non-irrigated vineyards by analysing the relationship between short-term drought and vegetation indices to identify areas irrigated from unofficial sources. The re-search area includes vineyards in Telavi municipality (eastern Georgia). RStudio was used to calculate SPI and SPEI (1- month and 3-month timescales) and EDI (daily) to measure the severity of the meteorological drought. The 27-year (1993-2020) data from a weather station in the study area inc...

Gases released because of accidents and events that cause the contamination of certain indoor spaces with methane have become more frequent recently. These gases endanger the lives of people who are inside the contaminated spaces, and there is a need for more and more in-depth research on the dynamic behavior of certain substances with a toxic effect, such as methane, once it begins to accumulate in a closed space, for to develop new detection systems and especially for its evacuation in the shortest possible time...

In Ukraine, as well as all regions of the world, deforestation processes are taking place. Monitoring forests in real-time is one of the key ways to solve the problem of deforestation. Satellite technologies make it possible to do this promptly and in time and space. In this research, the online platform Google Earth Engine was used, which provides access to remote sensing data and geospatial data sets with analysis capabilities. The research was conducted for the period 2001-2023 at the regional level and each ad...

The research is aimed at identifying the conditions for the formation of the ecological agriculture concept aimed at creating a sustainable, environmentally friendly and efficient agricultural production system. The main idea is to use natural processes and resources to ensure a harvest while maintaining the environmental balance. Ecological farming can be an important step towards sustainable agriculture and environmental sustainability, but it requires a balance between positive and challenging aspects, as well ...

Solving the problem of supply the population with food products during the boom period of global demographic directly depends on agriculture and the least essentially depends on land resources and environment. Coming out of it, finding out the natural management topics of agricultural development is especially urgent in Autonomous Republic of Ajara, which is one of the regions of Georgia with land scarcity, where in line with establishment of land`s private property and market economy, due to irrational natural ma...

Windbreaks play a crucial role in mitigating the impacts of climate change and preserving agricultural landscapes. This study addresses the knowledge gap concerning windbreaks in Slovakia, analysing 47 windbreaks comprising 24 trees and shrubs species. Predominantly, windbreaks feature Robinia pseudoacacia (21.8%), Populus nigra (16%), and Acer platanoides (8.7%) among trees, and Rosa canina (18.4%), Sambucus nigra (3.5%), and Crataegus oxyacantha (2.5%) among shrubs. Spatial analysis underscores variations in win...

Economic and ecological goals of urban society. These goals are important for the fulfillment of all legislative and ecological requirements on the part of the Czech Republic, but also on the part of the European Union or the European Commission. This article is being prepared for the relevant project called CEVYKO. of this article will be a description of the economic and environmental goals that the project is to use in the future. The CEVYKO project is a purely municipal task and the goal is to build a modern t...

The contribution focuses on the optimization of the economic balance of the sorting line for the processing of municipal waste with the aim of increasing the efficiency and sustainability of waste management. This abstract provides an overview of the key economic aspects that affect sorting line operations, including cost, revenue and financial return analysis. Major cost items include investment in modern sorting line technology, installation and commissioning costs, and operating costs associated with maintenanc...

Nowadays, tourism represents a kind of environmental consumption, and tourists account for a significant proportion of consumption. Tourists therefore play an important role in developing or negatively affecting sustainable tourism. Eco-friendly accommodation, designed to reduce the negative environmental impacts of tourism become increasingly popular worldwide. Although the popularity of eco-friendly hotels has increased, the actual stays in such hotels are relatively short. The impacts of the tourism system on n...

Although the construction sector is aware of climate change, it still does not have sufficient knowledge of its impact on infrastructure and a detailed strategy for possible adaptation and mitigation measures. The strategy for adaptation to climate change in the Republic of Croatia is presented in this paper, with a focus on measures for the construction sector. Croatia is one of the three most vulnerable countries in the European Union, with an estimated highest share of climate change damage in relation to gross...

Statoblasts are dormant, asexual propagules critical for the survival and dispersal of bryozoans, such as Pectinatella magnifica. Understanding the resilience of statoblasts to environmental stresses is crucial for predicting the response of bryozoan populations to changing conditions. This study investigates the effect of freezing on the viability of statoblasts from P. magnifica. Statoblasts were collected from Pectinatella magnifica colonies in the Protected Landscape area and Biospheric Reservation Trebonsko. ...

The article considers the processes leading to a change in the structure and properties as a result of calcination followed by acid treatment of heulandite-containing tuff from the Georgian Dzegvi-Tedzami deposit. The samples obtained by heat-acid treatment were studied by the X-ray energy dispersion spectra and diffraction patterns, as well as by adsorption of water and benzene methods. It was found that pre-heat treatment reduces weight loss and the degree of dealumination during subsequent acid treatment, and a...

Well-aerated soils are essential for methane (CH4) uptake from the atmosphere, acting as significant sinks for this greenhouse gas, which has a global warming potential 25 times greater than that of carbon dioxide (CO2). These soils contain methanotrophic bacteria, which oxidize CH4 and thereby reduce atmospheric methane concentrations. The potential of soils to assimilate CH4 depends on factors such as soil type and moisture regime. This study investigates the ability of clay soil Cambic Calcisol to assimilate CH...

Currently, solar energy is one of the most widely used types of green energy in the world. In different parts of the earth, solar insolation is not constant. Therefore, this study aims to determine the main characteristics of solar insolation in the different climatic zones. This paper analyzes the prospects for using solar energy in subtropical, temperate-continental, continental, sharp-continental, and monsoon climate zones. The efficiency of converting solar radiation into electrical energy is estimated conside...

Accounting for 40% of final energy consumption and 34% of emissions in the European Union, buildings have a significant role to play in achieving a carbon neutral Europe before 2050. But to make buildings more sustainable we need to assess and reduce carbon emissions at every stage of their life cycle, from construction materials to ongoing energy use. As heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems are the primary energy consumers in buildings, they offer significant potential for energy saving and it...

The Sofia-Plovdiv railway line is part of the Sofia-Plovdiv-Istanbul direction along the Orient/Eastern-Mediterranean corridor of the Trans-European network (TEN-T). The line is of important national and strategic importance. The project to modernize the line will lead to better conditions for transporting passengers and cargo and reaching European interoperability standards [1]. One of the predicted effects of modernization is an increase in the volume of freight transport at the expense of road transport. This w...

This study addresses the severe environmental disaster in the village of Umm al-Nasr in the northern Gaza Strip, which faces one of the most severe environmental disasters. The equivalent of 130 thousand cubic meters of sewage flowed into the village of Umm al-Nasr from the sewage collection basin. The losses include the deaths of five citizens and the injuries of 35 others, in addition to environmental damage and material losses in the village as a result of this environmental disaster, including pollution levels...

Camilo Ponce Enriquez is in the southwest coastal zone of Ecuador, and it is surrounded by 4 river basins (Gala, Tenguel, Siete and Pagua) with an area of 1,780 km2. Mining has been the main economic activity since 1980 and is classified as Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining Activity. However, since 2000s there is evidence of contamination by heavy metals in water and sediments due to irregular mining practices and inefficiency environmental-s regulations. Despite the evidence, there are not enough scientific studie...

Accurate representation of particle dimensions is essential for reliable sedimentation analysis and assessment of settling dynamics. The use of equivalent diameters-such as Stokes, Feret, and volume-based diameters-introduces approximation errors when replacing real particle dimensions, especially for irregularly shaped particles. This study quantifies these errors by capturing high-resolution 2D images of particles within a bentonite, commonly found in bentonite suspensions characteristic of those occurring in ri...

Rural areas and infrastructure in the Danube Delta are affected by natural disasters, and the frequency and severity of hydrological phenomena are increasing due to climate change. The rural areas of the Danube Delta experience significant flooding due to the high levels of the Danube, often resulting from quantitatively significant precipitation. The protection dyke system related to the Danube River is most often affected by floods that sometimes lead to the failure of the dykes. Dyke failure is noted by the app...

In recent years, the domestic frozen bakery and pastry market has shifted towards ready-to-bake frozen products, driven by the global trend for convenience and on-the-go consumption. This study aims to analyze the quality indicators of cakes subjected to freezing to determine their shelf life and optimize freezing conditions. Four sample categories were evaluated: fresh cake (P1), cake subjected to thermal shock (P2), cake frozen for 3 months (P3), and cake frozen for 6 months (P4). Quality assessments included se...

This research aims to conduct a descriptive statistical analysis to identify the statistical correlation between categories of new and second-hand vehicles registered for circulation in Romania and various health conditions associated with atmospheric pollution. Currently, a significant challenge for the global community lies in mitigating the impact of atmospheric pollution, considered a crucial factor both in terms of global climate change and its impact on public health. One major source of atmospheric pollutio...

This article presents a numerical study of the effects of changing the geometry of the turbine impeller blades on the efficiency and intensity of homogenization in a bioreactor. The mixing of liquid media is an important stage of technological processes in various industries. Modern Impellers are equipped with homogenizing devices for introducing energy into the liquid, they include hydraulic, pneumatic and mechanical devices or their combinations. Rational selection of the mixing device at the design stage is imp...

The assessment of the influence of economic activities on the population in the eastern region of the Jiu Valley (located in the south-western part of Romania) entails several stages. These include measuring the extent of air pollution, selecting a tool for evaluating air quality, and most importantly, implementing a method for estimating the environmental impact. The objective of the study is to analyze the environmental conditions by analyzing the data collected from the six designated locations and utilizing th...

In the context of the pressure to reduce the production of CO2 emissions in cement manufacturing, cement plants are significantly changing their product portfolios. Changes in the composition of cement products also lead to changes in their properties. This paper focuses on the monitoring and non-standard evaluation of initial volume stability. Several different types of currently used cements produced in various cement plants in the Czech Republic and Slovakia in 2022 and 2023 were tested using the -initial volum...

With the development of food production technologies, the consumers attention has turned to products with specific nutritional and health-promoting properties. For this necessity, today's manufacturers have turned their attention to fortified foods, and a raw material that is found in great diversity and that can be used to enrich food is represented by mushrooms. The purpose of this study consists in determining how the addition of different concentrations of crued polysaccharides extracted from mushrooms and add...

The basic structural and functional element of a belt conveyor is the conveyor belt, which is supported by carrying rollers. Research in this area is important for increasing the service life of mining belt conveyor components. The rollers are subject to various forms of wear. Tribological interactions between the roller, the conveyor belt, and the particles of the transported material or impurities from the environment that enter the tribological system cause various forms of mechanical wear. Abrasion is the pred...

<i>Trichoderma harzianum</i> is a well-known biocontrol agent with growing interest as a multifunctional bioinoculant due to its diverse metabolic capabilities. Despite its promising potential, the transition from laboratory-scale cultivation to industrial-scale production still presents challenges, particularly in optimizing biomass and spore yield at low cost. This study focused on testing a new medium for spore/mycelium production of <i>T. harzianum</i> integrating traditional growth media with gazpacho, a toma...

Changes in land use and architectural renovation are a normal process in historic urban centres, and as a consequence there are changes in the occupation of properties, such as the loss of vegetation cover and filtering soils that could be integrated into the urban green system, which is now almost entirely concentrated in the public space. In this study, a series of orthophotographs of the historic centre of the city of Loja were analysed to determine the changes in vegetation cover and its distribution among squ...

The agricultural sector is an important strategic branch of any economy. Food security and food independence of the state are the key to ensuring the national security of the state. This fact became especially evident during Russia's aggression against Ukraine, which, among other things, affected the global food market. The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) is one of the oldest policies of the European Community, as it was launched in 1957 by the Treaty of Rome, signed by six countries (Germany, France, Italy, the ...

The purpose of this article is to provide a legal analysis of the practice of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) in the field of protection of environmental human rights from the point of view of the following key aspects: severity threshold, degree of discretion, positive obligations of states. Special attention was paid to the latest case of Klimaseniorinnen Schweiz and others v. Switzerland. On April 9, 2024, the ECtHR for the first time upheld a complaint in a climate change case. This is the first tim...

In this study, we present the design and implementation of an experimental stand tailored for the analysis of hydrogen explosions with the capability of modifying the propagation direction. Hydrogen explosions pose significant safety concerns in various industrial settings, and understanding their behavior under different conditions is crucial for risk assessment and mitigation strategies. The experimental setup integrates precise control mechanisms to manipulate the direction of explosion propagation, allowing fo...

This study explores the interconnection between health, nutrition, and the emotional bond in the human-dog relationship. Using a multiple-choice questionnaire, the research examines health issues, dietary choices, food rewards, and emotional ties among dog owners, with a focus on individuals aged 31-45 from diverse backgrounds. The main objective is to understand how health, nutrition, and emotional bonds are linked between dogs and their owners. The survey covers topics such as health observations, veterinary car...

This study investigates the nutritional composition and sensory characteristics of mango-based jams prepared with different sweeteners, evaluating their potential as a nutritious and appealing food product. Mango, a tropical fruit rich in vitamins A, C, and dietary fiber, is an ideal base for jams, contributing both health benefits and natural sweetness. The study analysed the effects of various sweeteners, including refined sugar, honey, agave syrup, and stevia, on mango jams' nutritional profile and sensory prop...

Waste management is a current and future challenge due to the increasing volume of waste. The amount of waste generated directly correlates with production and consumption patterns. The current level of natural resource utilization exceeds the Earth's capacity for replenishment. Therefore, humanity must take action to mitigate the consequences of rampant natural resource consumption. One way to achieve this goal is to increase the level of waste recycling. However, the amount of waste actually recycled is signific...

The paper presents a quality evaluation of the kinematic model concerning the relative height movement of the Earth-s crust that refers to the territory of the Republic of Croatia. This kinematic model enables determination of vertical displacements and movement speeds of discrete points on the Earth-s crust. So far, the quality of the model has been rated only for certain parts of the Croatian territory, but this paper shows the results of the model-s quality evaluation for the entire territory of the Republic of...

The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) 2023 - 2027 is currently the main instrument of the member states for the development of the agricultural sector and rural areas. CAP is focused on ten key objectives related to social, environmental and economic goals. EU agricultural policy covers all levels covers all levels of agri-food supply chain. The Romania CAP Strategic Plan was approved by the European Commission in December 2022 with a total allocation of 15.83 billions - (14,96 billions - from EU budget and 0,86 bi...

Today about 10% of Latvia's territory is occupied by peatlands (645,100 ha), but the extraction of peat happens in only 4% (25,739 ha) of the total. In regulatory documents peat bogs are mentioned as having a very high probability of flammability (in the context of climate change and other natural elements: drought, heat, lightning and deliberate or unintentional human activity). This indicates the need to improve fire safety by conducting research and improving regulatory frameworks. The aim of the study was to a...

In recent decades, the interest of researchers has focused on the development of methods for obtaining alternative energy sources. Fischer-Tropsch synthesis is one of the methods for obtaining a wide range of hydrocarbons and their derivatives. Ru, Ni, Fe and Co are the widely used catalytically active metals in FTS. To increase the activity of the catalyst, as well as increase the yield of target products, promoters are introduced into catalytic systems. In FTS, oxides of alkaline and rare earth metals, oxides of...

Human activities have significantly impacted aquatic ecosystems worldwide, especially in developing countries. Acid mine drainage from mineral extraction and wastewater containing xenobiotics pose substantial threats for lakes and marine ecosystems, introducing heavy metals and increasing antibiotic resistance in pathogenic microbes. Despite the urgent need for effective solutions, many environmental liabilities remain without an adequate mapping unmapped or remediation plan, exacerbating risks for environmental h...

Due to the increase of global concerns over environmental degradation, the search for sustainable energy sources has led to increased utilization of renewable fuels such as biogas and biodiesel. Despite their advantages in terms of sustainability, challenges persist in their efficient utilization. An easy method to approach these challenges is addressing the characteristics of flames produced during these fuels- combustion. This study aims to address these challenges by developing a MATLAB-based flame analysis too...