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Biomethane and other renewable gases will enable to thrive on a fully renewable energy system. Biomethane has similar qualities to natural gas, so it can be injected into existing natural gas infrastructure or used as a biofuel for transport. Also, its use means a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and dependence on fossil fuels. This work is part of the LIFE LANDFILL BIOFUEL project that aims to implement a cost-effective system based on new techniques to improve the recovery of landfill biogas and the product...

Herbal teas are a popular beverage, that can be prepared very easily (by pouring hot water on various dried herbs). It is very important to monitor and develop a screening methodology for detecting the metal content of both tea plants and herbal tea. A variety of bioactive phytochemicals in the human diet are from f plant-based foodstuffs. Due to their minor side effects, the medicinal plants are widely used to treat many human diseases. Polyphenols, the most abundant components in tea, determine the quality and h...

It proved experimentally that for neutralized sea water (removal of microorganisms) may be used electro dialysis device, as its economy and proper quality of sea water are justified. Research data need to refine and continue in this direction. At three locations in the Adjara coastal zone of the Black Sea (Pichvnari, Kvariati, the coast of the Batumi port), as a result of Electro dialysis, recorded more than effective ion removal NH4+ - ions, than NO2- -ions. As a result of electro dialysis, the concentration of b...

Previous studies have shown that secondary school students may have misconceptions about geological scientific information. By the end of secondary education these misconceptions may remain unresolved. As a result, students enter university studies and still hold them. Students of engineering, as for example civil engineering, are no exception. The aim of this study was to investigate and analyse misconceptions of this specific target group. A closed questionnaire was designed and given to 102 University students ...

For the geological risk assessment of intermediate underground condition by excavation work, since rocks and geologic structure of each country is different, it is necessary to objectify or classify quantitatively intermediate underground risk evaluation in accordance with Korean geologic characteristics. It could be summarized major factors of rock failure and ground subsidence by geological and geotechnical features as overburden, ground characteristics of soil and rock, geologic structures, hydrogeology, high s...

The vision of succeeding in shaping sustainable cities is representing a fascinating matter, but a challenging one. This provoking issue is including several tasks, among others connected to available possibilities for assuring needed energy supply with minimum environmental impacts. Humanity innovative thinking way has always been driving the field of shaping more efficient energy supply systems with less environmental impacts, being always a debate regarding available energy resources. Conventional energy supply...

The study of meteorological-climatic phenomena, especially of extreme phenomena that have become more and more frequent, has gained greater significance, given the increasing awareness of the importance of preventing material damage. Thus, monitoring and analysis of atmospheric risk phenomena helps local and national authorities whose duty is to protect the population and property of any kind, and early warning regarding the occurrence of such phenomena is useful to each individual. The western and north-western p...

Whether it is climate fluctuations or lasting one-way changes, it is clear that the climate today is not the same as it was a few decades ago. The question is no longer whether the change of climate exists, but in what way and to what extent it affects nature, man and his activity, how to mitigate it, and how to adapt to it. For this purpose, however, it is necessary to accurately determine the magnitude and direction of change of individual climatic elements and phenomena, given their diverse manifestations at th...

The climate changes represent an important problem in today-s society. Our study refers to the West Region of Romania, formed by the counties of Arad, Timis, Caras-Severin, Hunedoara, and it shows that there are significant differences regarding the climate changes between these counties. In our paper, we analyze the evolution of annual, respectively seasonal precipitations , and of the minimal, maximal and medium air temperatures in the considered region in the time frame 1991-2021. The statistical analysis of da...

Climate change is a global problem with serious social, economic and distributional effects on the environment. It is one of the main current challenges for humanity. Changing climate conditions in the long term, as well as short-term fluctuations and non-standard variation of temperature characteristics, have a significant impact on the behavior of pavement structure. Since the end of the 19th century, average temperatures have risen to 0.6 -C. The article describes the results of measurements and evaluations of ...

Renewable energy is the energy produced from renewable resources replenished naturally on a human scale from sources: sunlight, wind, rain, tides, waves, geothermal heat, etc. Renewable energy induces a negligible ecological footprint that is quite limited in the area of operation, while at the same time providing obvious ecological benefits and contributing to the sustainable development of human societies. Today in 2022, renewable energy sources are considered alternatives to fossil fuels because they contribute...

The main objectives of this study are: analysis of the associated spectrum of the geomagnetic field, time of occurrence of geomagnetic storms and comparisons between recordings made at various geomagnetic observatories in the INTERMAGNET network, in terms of frequency intensity identified and correlations during geomagnetic disturbances. A geomagnetic storm is a temporary disturbance of the Earth's magnetosphere caused by ejections of solar corona mass, coronal holes or solar flares. The data used in this paper ar...

The main aim of the work is a comparative characteristic of carcinogenic risk for the health of the adolescent and adult population from exposure to chemical contaminants on multi-environmental ingestion of chemical substances (drinking water, soil, atmospheric air, foods). A high level of total carcinogenic individual risk in the city territories under study is identified in adolescents and adults in the 2nd zone (0.00426 and 0.00298). The value of total carcinogenic risk (TCR) in the territories under study on c...

Biosurfactants produced by soil microorganisms are now widely used in various industries and are able to compete with synthetic detergents. However, in contrast with chemical surfactants, biological ones have disadvantage: it is difficult to obtain the product of high purity since the microbes usually produce a complex mixture of compounds, besides the cultural medium itself contains a lot of various components. Thus, the conventional scheme of lipopeptide isolation involves acid precipitation, extraction with the...

The aim of the work was to present the role of composting as one of the simple and cheapest methods to reduce GHG emissions from cow manure - conclusions from the MilKey and MELS projects. The article contains both the results of some studies analyzed within the above projects, as well as the methodology of conducting composting studies. The method of managing animal waste by composting or co-composting has been known for a long time and used in many places around the world. However, this is not always done in an ...

Globally, the environment is the result of the interdependence between natural elements - water, air, soil, living things, and elements from human activity. Environmental pollution can be generally defined as the negative result of the domestic or industrial activity of any living thing that generates pollutants in the atmosphere or waste that reaches the ground or water. Numerous causes of pollution have made environmental protection one of the most important and essential problems in the world, pollution, and la...

Computer simulation of foundry processes is an essential part of a modern foundry. The role of the gating system, its design and different elements are important in casting. Experimental verification of the designed gating system for new castings is costly, timeconsuming and economically inefficient. Therefore, these processes in the foundry are replaced by computer simulation. A detailed analysis of the simulation results makes it possible to predict various risks that may cause a failure in the quality of castin...

The final success of the mining business is primarily based on a correct and responsible evaluation of the mining and technical conditions of mining, resp. the mining and geological conditions of the mining site concerned, and all the legal aspects involved. By evaluating these conditions, together with the optimal choice of mining procedures, it decides on the safe and efficient use of the reserved mineral deposit in the given mining area. The mining area must be delimited and determined on the basis of the minin...

The research was carried out over 8 years and involves the performance of minimal works, by reducing the traffic with various agricultural machines and equipment, "Maschio" brand, namely: disc harrow, scarifier, roller and No Tillige seeder. I have carried out numerous researches and experiences in various agricultural holdings in Arad county, to the crop of wheat, corn and soybeans. The first tests were done on 129 ha, on soils with different textures, from fine to rough, but following the research, it was observ...

Waste management is currently a priority for everyone. Everyone today focuses on reducing, reusing and recycling our waste. Nevertheless, the best solution is to recover energy from the rest of the waste. The reason is that this part is a sustainable part of the waste management chain, which makes it possible to produce valuable and renewable energy. This sector is among the cleanest in Europe by reducing emissions of pollutants from operations, which convert waste into energy, which is subject to the strictest re...

In the last two years, given the frequent occurrence of crisis situations, we are becoming more aware of them and the need for proper management of emerging crisis situations and prediction of possible crises in the near future is becoming a necessity [1]. Crisis management is a complex process consisting of several phases that will be explained in this paper. Within each phase there is room for the use of cartographic support. It speeds up communication and provides an indispensable source of information for pred...

Kherson region has the largest share of irrigated land among all regions of Ukraine. At the same time, it is the largest arid region with a significant area of drainageless massifs. All this contributes to the occurrence of flooding of territories. The main task of the research is to identify modern factors of flooding of settlements in the Kherson region (Ukraine). The goals of the study were to analyze the hydrogeological conditions in the places of flooding, to identify modern changes in the rainfall regime and...

Laser scanning can be used to acquire measurement data for Building Information Modeling (BIM). Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) technology is ideal for this type of work. Having a point cloud of the measured object, dimension and model it in accordance with reality are possible. TLS gives the opportunity to obtain a big amount of observations, which on the one hand allows for an accurate depiction of the object, but on the other hand is troublesome during BIM developing. Therefore, the paper presents the methodol...

The theoretical model of perfect business competition is designed based on five assumptions: atomicity of demand and supply, homogeneity of the product, free entry/exit in/from a branch of activity or on/from the market, market transparency, (with the fundamental assumption of the individual's rationality) and perfect mobility of production factors [1], [2]. The factorial analysis carried out for an economic agent from an Eastern European country highlighted the fact that the production function is homogeneous. Fo...

In the presented article the reason of the village Anaklia territory, the site of the planned construction of a deep-sea commercial port- flooding is discussed. It should be noted that the village mainly is located on the sandy shore of the river mouth of river Enguri. In calm, but rainy weather, precipitation practically freely penetrates through the sandy soil without leaving any water holes and flooded land areas after the rain. However, on March 24-25, 2021, in rainy weather and stormy seas, the village was pa...

The creation of public spaces is currently quite conditioned by the impact of the idea of sustainable mobility and efforts to improve the environment in urban spaces. On the one hand, there are ideas and thoughts for improving public spaces, on the other hand, outdated legislation prevents these ideas from being sufficiently implemented. One of the most important elements for changing the division of transport work in urban conditions and thus improving the perception and appearance of public spaces is to increase...

The paper addresses the sustainability of technological transport, specifically the transport of materials by pipe conveyors. Environmental aspects must also be addressed as part of the solution to the sustainability of pipe conveyors. Pipe conveyors are suitable for the efficient transport of large volumes of bulk material with a minimum of environmental pollution. Closed rubber conveyor belts are a basic structural element of pipe conveyors. These types of conveyor belts have to resist a combination of factors s...

The land use in Latvia is regulated by a number of regulatory documents, that determine the requirements for property development planning and design. Real estates with a certain composition have been formed, which have defined purposes of real estate use and types of land use, which determine the development possibilities of the territory. Today, many fruit growing companies in Latvia have established a stable production base. Although many farms are getting good harvests, the owners still want to develop orchard...

It is well known that atmospheric aerosols have both a direct and an indirect impact on the Earth's systems and have natural or anthropogenic origins. In this paper we present the results of the 2022 spring-time lidar measurements conducted within the European Aerosol Research Lidar Network (EARLINET) using a multi-wavelength Raman and depolarization LIDAR system operated in Cluj-Napoca, Romania. The Cluj-Napoca lidar system (CLOP) emission is based on a Nd-YAG laser Continuum INLITE II-30, which has a repetition ...

Wildfires are a problem all over the world. Plant and animal life are under threat of destruction. But this issue is especially relevant for Ukraine, where fires appear en masse throughout the country not only from weather factors but also from enemy shelling by the Russian army. In addition, there is the uncontrolled spread of fire to large areas of Ukraine due to limited access to emergency services. Because of hostilities, landmines, and the occupation of Ukrainian territory, Ukrainian rescuers and foresters ar...

The properties of the basic materials of conveyor belts and adhesion between these materials affect the proper functionality and service life of conveyor belts. Their reliability depends on the adhesive force between their structural components. The purpose of this paper was to investigate into the quality of adhesion of the rubber cover layers to the carcass, and of the adhesion between the adjacent textile plies in a rubbertextile conveyor belt. The experiments were aimed at measuring the adhesive force using th...

The new network of permanent GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) stations should be established by the end of this year. At the moment, 18 permanent stations are already established. All stations coordinates must be determined following the conditions dictated by the Republic Geodetic Authority of Serbia, i.e., the Rule Book for establishing the GNSS permanent stations network. The coordinates of stations, the final solution, must be calculated from three consecutive uninterrupted daily sessions as a combine...

In the present study deterministic earthquake scenarios for the city of Varna - the thirdlargest city in Bulgaria are presented. By deterministic scenario, it is mean a representation of the severity of ground shaking over an urban area, using one or more hazard descriptors. The assessment of seismic hazard and generation of earthquake scenarios is the first step of seismic risk evaluation and society prevention. Seismic history of Varna shows that the hazard for the city is mainly influence by the earthquakes occ...

The chocolate is one of the most popular foods all over the world, representing a highly nutritious source of energy. In this paper is proposed a way to improve the antioxidant function of chocolate by rosehip powder incorporation in the recipe. Additionally, a part of cocoa from its manufacturing recipe was replaced by carob powder. Rosehip powder brings along a high intake of vitamin C, B1, B2, K, carotenoids, pectin, carbohydrates, and also organic acids. Due to the high level of vitamin content, it is recommen...

Taking into account the fact that by fortifying chocolate, more nutritious and healthier chocolates are obtained, in this work we set out to obtain an assortment of milk chocolate with the addition of chicken eggshell powder and to evaluate its mineral intake. Practically, the purpose of this experiment is the superior valorization of eggshell waste from household activities as a mineral fortification for milk chocolate. Four types of milk chocolates were prepared with the addition of 0, 1, 2 and 4% chicken eggshe...

The territory of Ukraine is characterized by the occurrence of a large number of wildfires, mainly in mixed and coniferous forest ecosystems of Polissia, Forest-Steppe and Ukrainian Carpathians. The frequency of occurrence and destructive consequences of natural fires in forest ecosystems require the adoption of prompt measures aimed at their prevention, localization and liquidation. Monitoring plays the main role in the process of preventing wildfires, since observation, collection, analysis and assessment of qua...

The terminology of degraded areas is not uniform in Latvia and in the world at the moment - it is in the process of development and formulation. Some urban spatial plans also use the terms "abandoned sites" and "disordered sites". They are marked as territories where previous economic activity has been carried out, which is currently in force, but the involvement of these territories as functioning elements (especially - settlements) in the structure, their "return to life" is essential for the development of the ...

Water pollution with oil residues is a particularly important and difficult problem to prevent and solve. The ecological consequences of black tides have proven to be particularly serious and even catastrophic for marine ecosystems. In this sense, the limitation and concentration represent the optimal response action to hydrocarbon pollution. The aim of the work was to digitally design a woven textile reinforcement used as a matrix of the composite material from which the freeboard and skirt of the floating surfac...

Increasing energy efficiency leads to the fact that companies operating on renewable energy sources are gaining more weight in the sector and becoming more competitive. It is not easy to manage companies working with renewable energy sources since it requires fully transparent management. Digitalization comes into play with management software that optimizes processes and energy services and solves their problems in terms of development and productivity. Over the coming decades, digital technologies are set to mak...

The carrying out of human activities of an industrial nature involves the use, handling or accidental presence of substances of a toxic nature such as carbon oxide. The presence of this gas in closed or semi-closed spaces can seriously affect the human body and when concentrations are high it can lead to death. Knowing how carbon oxide affects the human body and how it disperses into the air is very important for establishing preventive measures. Also, in order to establish the escape routes and the refuge areas, ...

The development of hypersonic technology creates a new challenge for inertial navigation sensors, which are widely used in aviation navigation systems. Improving the accuracy of navigation equipment will reduce fuel consumption and reduce the impact of harmful emissions on the atmosphere. The operation of sensors that are part of navigation systems, such as gyroscopes, work in difficult conditions, which affects their accuracy. A float two-degree angular velocity sensor is considered. The reaction of a float two-s...

The plant soil relation in an extreme environment was studied with the aim of determining the physiological and/or ecological mechanisms involved in overcoming environmental constraints. In our work we have studied different aspects such as diversity, colonization strategies, dynamics, etc. of the vegetation that appears in a mining environment. The alteration of the soil in these places comes from very varied activities in addition to the chemical peculiarities of the extracted minerals. In short, we can consider...

As natural resources are rapidly depleting and the demand of cement based products in construction industry is continuously increasing, there is a pressing need for finding alternatives without large penalties in terms of mechanical properties. Another issue to be resolved is related to current design guidelines developed for traditional cement based materials (e.g. mortar and concrete). Zeolites, either natural or synthetic, are crystalline alumina silicates with pozzolanic activity in cement based materials that...

The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the role played by different wastewater treatment technologies in the dairy industry in the context of the challenges of sustainable development: water scarcity and conservation of water resources, the constant growth of the population and the costs of wastewater treatment in centralized systems, increasing constraints and stricter environmental protection regulations. In this sense, the efficiency of wastewater treatment plants belonging to a number of 8 factories was ...

The article presents a solution for solving the problems of eco-efficient combustion of pelletized or chopped and dried agricultural and forest residual biomass, using the TopLit UpDraft (TLUD) gasification process. By using this solution, thermal energy is produced, and about 10-20% residual charcoal, not transformed into gas, called biochar, too. Biochar is a good amendment for agricultural soils and reduces the concentration of CO2 in the environment by capturing carbon in the soil for long periods. Biochar act...

Climate change and global environmental challenges pose an existential threat to the world, including Europe. Dealing with the current climate and environmental challenges requires an urgent and ambitious response. The global challenges are also an opportunity for companies, especially those engaged in environmental protection, to innovate, as they both increase their competitiveness and export potential. The relevance of the research problem is additionally supported by the fact that the European Union is committ...

The main purpose of the publication was to show the differences in revenues, costs and profits when using manure directly as a fertilizer (after storage) or as a substrate for a biogas plant equipped with a cogeneration unit, and then using the digestate for fertilization purposes. The comparison includes cost, revenue and profit streams throughout the year. It also takes into account the introduction of additional co-substrates in order to increase the yield of biogas (biomethane), and thus the profits from the f...

The paper presents the results of the water quality of the St. George branch, one of three Danube River distributaries, using the combined physical and chemical analyses from June 2017. Three cutoff meander reaches (the Mahmudia, Upper Dunavat and Lower Dunavat meanders) were selected to assess the water ecological state. The cut-offs of the meanders by navigational canals since 1984-1988 caused significant changes in the distribution of the water discharge. Water samples were acquired throughout several cross-sec...

The primary purpose of environmental policy is a framework, guidance for decisionmaking and actions that lead to a better quality of the environment as a whole and its components. It is also adopted to use the principles of sustainable development, to increase economic efficiency and important social social programs and activities. The aim of this article is to provide basic research information on the causes of the emergence and development of environmental policy in the current period of circular economy. The is...

In this paper, we intended to analyze non-native plant species that spread uncontrollably and have a visible and quantifiable impact in the analyzed area. The analyzed plant species demonstrate a strong invasive character, overwhelming the native plant species. This fact leads to a loss of biodiversity at the local level, but especially to production loss of the useful biomass on the invaded land surfaces. The aim of this paper is to show a practical method of analysis and evaluation of economic losses at the loca...