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Bioclimatic design has emerged as a fundamental approach in sustainable architecture, responding to the growing challenges of climate change, energy efficiency, urban heat islands, and environmental degradation. By adapting buildings and urban spaces to local climatic conditions through passive design strategies, bioclimatic architecture seeks to reduce energy consumption, improve thermal comfort, enhance environmental performance, and promote long-term resilience. Unlike conventional architectural models that rel...

Blended learning has become an increasingly important pedagogical approach in GeoScience education, combining traditional field-based learning with digital technologies to enhance student engagement, flexibility, and professional competency development. Geosciences have historically relied on direct field observation, spatial interpretation, and hands-on environmental analysis as core elements of academic training. However, rapid technological advancement, digital transformation, and the growing need for sustainab...

The rapid pace of urbanization, demographic transformation, and climate-related challenges has intensified the need for inclusive and sustainable urban spaces that respond to the needs of diverse communities. Contemporary cities are increasingly characterized by social, cultural, economic, and demographic heterogeneity, requiring urban planning approaches that integrate social equity, environmental sustainability, accessibility, and participatory governance. This study explores the theoretical and practical dimens...

Climate change has become one of the most urgent global challenges of the twenty-first century, affecting natural systems, urban environments, economic stability, food security, and social resilience. In this context, climate literacy has emerged as a critical educational priority, particularly within GeoScience education, where understanding Earth systems, environmental processes, and human-environment interactions forms the foundation of academic and professional training. Developing climate literacy involves no...

The transition toward sustainable development and climate neutrality has intensified the implementation of environmental policies across the European Union (EU), including carbon taxation, emissions trading systems, renewable energy subsidies, green taxation, and regulatory measures aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions. While these policies are essential for achieving environmental sustainability and the objectives of the European Green Deal, growing concerns have emerged regarding their potential social con...

The global transition toward renewable energy has become one of the most significant economic and environmental transformations of the twenty-first century. Driven by climate change mitigation goals, energy security concerns, technological innovation, and international sustainability commitments, emerging economies are increasingly investing in renewable energy systems such as solar, wind, hydropower, biomass, and geothermal energy. However, the economic implications of this transition are complex, involving struc...

Since the beginning of the 21st century, the development of the concept of the circular economy and its integration into regional sustainable development have highlighted the necessity of incorporating the principles of the circular economy into policy frameworks. This integration primarily emphasizes circular supply chains and examines the influence of existing legislative frameworks on the application of innovations within the realm of sustainable development. The objective of this study is to review the mechani...

The rapid transformation of contemporary cities into smart urban systems has created new demands for geoscience education, requiring the integration of digital technologies, data-driven decision-making, and interdisciplinary urban analytics into academic and professional training. Smart cities increasingly rely on artificial intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), Geographic Information Systems (GIS), remote sensing, digital twins, and real-time environmental monitoring to address complex urban challenges...

Green finance has become a critical driver of sustainable development in emerging economies, where rapid economic growth, infrastructure expansion, environmental degradation, and climate vulnerability create both urgent challenges and unique opportunities for transformation. As these economies seek to balance industrialization, poverty reduction, and environmental sustainability, sustainable investment strategies have gained increasing importance in mobilizing capital toward low-carbon development pathways. Green ...

Green growth has emerged as a strategic framework for reconciling economic development with environmental sustainability, particularly in the context of climate change, resource scarcity, energy transition, and increasing socio-economic vulnerability. As governments and institutions seek pathways toward low-carbon development, the concept of economic resilience has gained equal importance, emphasizing the capacity of economies to absorb shocks, adapt to structural changes, and maintain long-term stability. The int...

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming the ways geosciences are taught, learned, and applied in both academic and professional environments. From Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and remote sensing to predictive environmental modeling, hazard assessment, climate analysis, and urban digital twins, AI has become an increasingly important component of geoscientific research and decision-making. As the green and digital transitions accelerate globally, higher education institutions a...

The growing complexity of environmental challenges, climate change, urban transformation, and sustainable development demands new educational models that move beyond traditional disciplinary boundaries in GeoScience education. In this context, STREAM education Science, Technology, Reading/wRiting, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics has emerged as an innovative pedagogical framework that promotes interdisciplinary learning, creativity, critical thinking, and problem-solving competencies. By integrating scientific k...

Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) have emerged as a strategic approach in contemporary urban planning for addressing the interconnected challenges of climate change, biodiversity loss, environmental degradation, and urban resilience. By integrating natural processes and ecosystem services into the design and management of cities, NBS offer sustainable alternatives to conventional gray infrastructure while simultaneously generating environmental, social, and economic benefits. Green roofs, urban forests, wetlands, perme...

Sustainable public space design has become a central concern in contemporary urban planning as cities face increasing pressures from rapid urbanization, social fragmentation, climate change, and demographic transformation. Public spaces, including parks, squares, streets, pedestrian zones, waterfronts, and community gathering areas play a critical role in fostering social interaction, civic engagement, environmental quality, and urban resilience. Their design directly influences the inclusiveness, accessibility, a...

This article examines how the impacts of climate change are assessed during the formulation of adaptation strategies and sustainable investment decisions. The purpose of this discourse is to determine, based on thorough analysis, the most effective methods for mitigating the detrimental effects of climate change. The analysis identified notable disparities in the climate change adaptation strategies implemented across various regions. It was concluded that sustainable investments depend on the integration of scien...

Green finance has become a central instrument in the global transition toward sustainable economic growth, addressing the urgent need to align financial systems with environmental sustainability, climate resilience, and long-term development goals. As economies face increasing pressures from climate change, resource depletion, environmental degradation, and social inequality, traditional financial models are being re-evaluated to incorporate environmental, social, and governance (ESG) principles. Green finance inc...

Urban Digital Twins (UDTs) are emerging as one of the most transformative technologies in contemporary urban planning, environmental monitoring, and smart city governance. By creating dynamic virtual replicas of physical urban environments through the integration of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), remote sensing, Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), real-time sensor networks, and big spatial data, Urban Digital Twins enable advanced simulation, predictive analysis, and evidence-based decis...

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly disrupted traditional higher education practices, particularly in GeoScience disciplines where fieldwork, site observation, and direct environmental interaction are essential components of learning. Travel restrictions, social distancing measures, and limited access to outdoor learning environments accelerated the adoption of digital teaching methods and created strong demand for alternative experiential learning models. Among these, Virtual Field Trips (VFTs) emerged as an inno...

With the growing challenges of climate change and the depletion of natural resources, the transition to a green economy is not only necessary but also urgent. To ensure a sustainable future, it is important to build capacity by educating future leaders to lead the transformation in different sectors of the economy. This article examines the importance of education and training in creating sustainable leaders who are ready to meet the challenges of the green transition. The green economy combines economic growth wi...

Climate change is becoming an increasingly significant factor in the global economy, requiring urgent adaptation of economic systems and strategies. The impacts of climate change on the economy are multifaceted, ranging from physical damage to infrastructure to more subtle effects on the labor market and the prices of basic resources. At the same time, these changes create new opportunities for innovation and sustainable growth. One of the immediate impacts of climate change is extreme weather events that lead to ...

In today-s world, where climate change and environmental protection are becoming increasingly pressing issues, education needs to adapt to prepare young generations to understand and respond to these challenges. Integrating Earth sciences into the classroom is essential for building environmental awareness and developing sustainable practices. This article proposes a plan for integrating environmental education into the curriculum. Earth sciences encompass a variety of disciplines, including geology, meteorology, ...

Although cities are developing rapidly and dynamically, they also face serious challenges related to the environment, the health of the population and the quality of life. Ecological urbanism seeks to respond to these challenges by integrating green infrastructure into urban landscapes. This approach not only improves the aesthetics of cities, but also contributes to sustainable development, improving public health and increasing biodiversity. The main idea is that cities should function not only as places to live...

In a rapidly changing world, where climate change and sustainable development are among the most important challenges, education plays a key role in preparing young generations for the future. Environmental education not only provides knowledge about the environment but also empowers students to be active participants in solving environmental problems. In this article, we examine the importance of environmental education in modern curricula and the ways in which it contributes to the development of responsible and...

As climate change accelerates, governments and businesses around the world are faced with the need to adapt to new environmental and economic realities. Innovative adaptation strategies are becoming key to building economies that are not only resilient but also able to thrive in times of uncertainty. Adapting to climate change means adjusting economic systems to new conditions to mitigate negative impacts and harness potential benefits. This involves rethinking the ways we use resources, as well as developing new ...

With a growing global population and rapid urbanization, cities around the world are facing a multitude of challenges, including climate change, pollution, and biodiversity loss. Green infrastructure, a term that encompasses natural and semi-natural systems integrated into urban spaces, provides solutions that not only address these issues but also contribute to creating sustainable and livable cities. Green infrastructure includes a variety of elements, and they work together to provide ecosystem services, includ...

The green economy is a concept that seeks to ensure sustainable development, in which economic growth is in sync with environmental protection. Innovative educational approaches can foster the knowledge and skills needed to build a sustainable economy. This article examines some of the most effective innovations in education that support the green economy. Project-based learning is an approach that allows students to work on real-world problems and cases. By participating in projects related to sustainable develop...

With rapid urbanization and growing populations, cities around the world are facing multiple challenges related to the environment, public health and quality of life of citizens. In this context, green infrastructure appears not only as a solution but also as a way to revitalize urban spaces by restoring natural ecosystems and improving the vitality of urban areas. Green infrastructure encompasses a network of natural and semi-natural elements that are integrated into urban planning and management. It includes a v...

In today-s world, increasing urbanization poses challenges to the environment and quality of life in cities. This article examines the importance of urban ecology for sustainable urban planning and the transformation of urban landscapes. By integrating ecological principles into planning, cities can become more resilient and adaptable to climate change. Sustainable urban planning focuses on reducing negative environmental impacts, improving quality of life, and creating socially just spaces. Green infrastructure r...

One of the priorities in professional education, including the training of future geography teachers, is related to ensuring a quality and innovative educational process based on the competence approach and modern innovative educational technologies. In this regard, the present study aims to investigate the pedagogical effectiveness and educational potential of design thinking in the professional training of future geography teachers. The main goal is to enhance the academic performance of students by providing a ...

Natural resource management plays a crucial role in regional development as it affects the social, economic and environmental aspects of the region. Effective management of natural resources can contribute to the sustainable development of a region by ensuring the long-term availability of resources and by protecting the environment. An important aspect is the promotion of sustainable practices in the use of natural resources. Sustainable tourism practices are needed that minimize the impact on natural resources w...

Social and economic inequality in different countries or regions can be a significant obstacle to the implementation of an effective environmental policy. In general, people who are economically disadvantaged are often the most vulnerable to the negative impacts of environmental degradation and climate change. They may also lack the political power and resources to advocate for policies that protect their interests. For example, low-income communities are disproportionately affected by pollution and environmental ...

From a scientific point of view, the origins of design thinking can be traced back to the late 1960s. The very concept of "design thinking" appeared in the late 1980s and 1990s, when Rolf Faste began teaching design thinking as a "method of creative action" at Stanford University. Since then, various definitions of this concept have been added to the literature. Although design thinking is a business methodology, today it is widely used in the public, non-governmental, health and education sectors. With a view to ...

Air pollution is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality. The fact that more cities are now improving their air quality control system is good news, so when they take action to improve air quality, they set a goal accordingly. As air quality declines, the risk of stroke, heart disease, lung cancer and chronic and acute respiratory diseases, including asthma, increases in people who live in these cities. Ambient air pollution, which contains high concentrations of fine and fine particles, poses ...

Geopark is a region that has a complex special protected status, on the territory of which the geological history of the Earth, the formation of local landscapes, expressive geological formations, and layers of fossil fauna are clearly revealed. A geopark is not only a geological heritage, but also habitats for biological species, interconnected ecosystems, it is a cultural and historical heritage. Geopark is a favorable environment for the development of ecotourism and related business. UNESCO Global Geoparks are...

The modern world is on the verge of change - the models of economic development that have existed for more than one decade are being replaced by new systems that will provide humanity with not only a bright present, but also the future. We are talking about a green economy, with equal attention not only to people, but also to the world around them. The green economy and its competitiveness is a global and European opportunity to overcome international economic problems, accompanied by a more lenient attitude towar...

The story of the evolving development of urban-landscape theory, planning, and design is like the evolving perceptions and advancing knowledge in mathematics, anthropology, geography, and ecology. In the mid-90s, the theory of landscape urbanism appeared in the West, according to which the structure of cities is determined by landscape factors more than architecture. Landscape urbanism describes "the ability to produce urban planning effects traditionally achieved through the construction of buildings, simply thro...

In modern society, in most areas of activity, information technologies are actively being introduced, which has been facilitated by their powerful development over the past decades. The development of the technical equipment of the modern army, the increasing preponderance towards information wars, led to the fact that the defense sphere was no exception. Most of the important information technologies used by the military are based on means of processing digital information about the terrain and methods for collec...

Over the 21 century, the analysis of human capital has taken on a progressively more central role in discussions regarding the growth and success of nations and regions. The systematic development of human resources has for some time been an important consideration for national policy-makers throughout much of the developed world. Human resources, traditionally known as labour, are vital in order to support and ensure continuous regional economic growth. Human resource development (HRD) refers to the stock of prod...

In a world faced with the twin challenges of increasing urbanization and climate change, it is paramount to re-think cities so that they are able to face the pressures these changes will bring. Smart Green City goes one step beyond smart cities and is committed to caring for the environment. The Smart City, undoubtedly, has many advantages, and the implementation of all the technology associated with it is almost immediate. However, there is another emerging concept that, although it has less relevance, is also ve...

Global issues such as resource scarcity, climate change, land and ocean pollution linked to the widespread growth model of production and consumption have led to the introduction of many concepts and approaches such as 'sustainable development' and 'green growth', and etc. It is also a circular economy, and it has many similarities to these concepts and approaches that deal with the relationship between people and their environment. However, it has distinctive use and, in principle, has more radical consequences t...