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Recently, numerous landslides occurred in the southern part of the \"Ozen Dam (Sivas-Turkey) threatening the spillway. Kinematical analyses showed that the potential slope instability direction is NW corresponding to the dominant slope directions. Geotechnical surveys confirmed the rock slopes are highly prone to instability, and failures occurred in the limits between basement rock and debris material in the alteration zone as a planar surface. Pre-existing failures, excavations in the toe of the slopes, low qual...

The full impact of coyote blasting on the environment includes ground vibrations, air blast, fly rock and dust, and these are unavoidable in quarry operations if they are not controlled. The detonation of explosives for rock breakage induces a seismic disturbance that propagates in all directions from the explosion epicentre. In addition to the seismic disturbance, the detonation of explosives causes a transient pressure pulse that is propagated through the atmosphere. This phenomenon has been described in the lit...

The Raigan porphyry copper system is located in southeastern Iran (Kerman province), and is associated with diorite/granodiorite to quartz-monzonite of Miocene age that intruded Eocene volcano-sedimentary rocks. Copper mineralization was accompanied by mainly phyllic and lass potassic alteration. Field observations and petrographic studies demonstrate that emplacement of the Raigan stock took place in several intrusive pulses, each with associated hydrothermal activity. Molybdenum is not reported in any stage of h...

New developments in machine guidance systems in recent years have led to an increase in productivity and decrease in costs especially for construction and mining applications. Especially the usage of machine guidance systems for land reclamation projects after open pit mining operations is more profitable for time than traditional methods. Three-dimensional position of a point can be determined with GPS technology, which is known as Global Positioning System. And also real-time positions can be determined by means...

The Bulgarian environmental legislation does not formulate special requirements for the performing of baseline environmental studies and the environmental impact assessment of the prospecting and exploration activities for oil and gas. The oil and gas exploration and prospecting activities are usually performed on areas of significant size, and are connected with specific impact on the environment, therefore it is accepted in the good international oil practice to perform obligatory baseline environmental studies ...

The opportunity for heat recovery and greenhouse gas elimination from dilute methane emissions from coal mine ventilation air, oil and gas industries and landfill by using a Catalytic Flow Reversal Reactor (CFRR) technology is discussed. The CFRR technology has been experimentally proven to eliminate methane as dilute as 0.1 \% v/v in air, with no requirement for external heat. Indeed, for concentrations above 0.3 \%v/v, the methane heat of oxidation can be recovered with efficiency up to 90\% as 800oC hot air. Ut...

Twenty three (23) waste water samples, seven (7) soil and twenty two (22) plant ones from the region of the “Pernik” Central Preparation Plant (CPP) are a subject of study. A season method of sampling has been used . The water samples have been taken as follows: 1) water coming in the plant for preparation; 2) water, used during the dressing; 3) water used to transport the slime and fly ash; 4) water, running out of the slime storage; 5) water, that is draining. They have been tested by: ICP for Hg, Al, Cd, As...

Chemical species of existence and migration of water metal pollutants in solution and suspension in the significantly contaminated Plovdiv – Assenovgrad area are identified in their dynamics. Underground, surface and technological waters in their geochemical context are investigated (more than 2 000 data) as a ground of the speciation study (30 trace and 24 major elements). All the trace elements analytical researches are carried out by HR-ICP-AES Jobin Yvon ULTIMA 2 and the speciation study – by WATEQ 4F adap...

Major and trace element concentrations were measured in representative fly ash samples from four Power Units of Agios Dimitrios Thermal Power Plant, Northern Greece. Major and trace element concentrations were also measured in the respirable-size fly ash fraction (<10$\mu$m) of the same samples, separated from the bulk fly ash by laboratory treatment. The respirable-size fraction, compared to the bulk fly ash was found richer in CaO and poorer in all other major oxides (SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, MnO, MgO, Na2O, K2...

Coal, Oil and Natural gas account for 30\%, 31\% and 2\% respectively of the world’s total energy. In India, coal based energy is the main source of energy and its energy demand is increasing at the rate of 9\% per year. The supply on the other hand is lagging behind. If this trend continuous, it is estimated that by the year 2022, India would be required to spend Rs. 860 billion per year to meet its energy demand. World attention has recently started shifting towards methane, which can be exploited from the coa...

In article the opportunity of construction by a precision survey polygons necessary for mutual positioning of underground mining with a margin error within the limits of 100 mm is considered. Offered decisions of this problem include optimum accommodation of points of range on a contour of mining, application of a strict way of equalizing of a polygon and gyroscopic orientation of the sides of a traverse by modern devices.

Detailed geological and drilling investigations have shown KayabaЕџД± deposit, located in Trabzon-Turkey, has a resource of 590 000 tons ore containing 2.2\% Cu and 1029 kg Au. The ore body shows the characteristics of both massive- and stockworktype sulfide mineralization. In this study, mineralogical analysis and flotation tests were performed to determine the degree of liberation of sulfides and the optimum grind time for the massive ore samples. Covellite and chalcocite were identified as the main copper miner...

With the approaching accession to the European Union in 2004, the Czech Republic has been working intensively not only on streamlining legislative issues, but in particular on the unification of various processes in the economic and industrial spheres. Ecology and the environment have, over the past few years, become one of the Government’s policy priorities. The result is a clear concept and future of Czech open cast coal mines. These are divided into three separate companies from the point of view of their siz...

Quality of living environment connects with filling of the hygienically, protection and other norms, that are linking to the living environment. In magnesite firm due to the production process there is negative influencing of the whole ecosystem. Magnesite firm, that will be analysed in presented paper, is polluting living environment with various way and various intensity. In presented paper we will deal with influence of magnesite firm in area of polluting of water and soil. Analysed firm is working in area of m...

Blasting is not just an “empirical” relation between man (e.g., the blaster) and rock. This particular point of view has been proved to be correct and self-evident, mainly in major Public Works and Construction blasting, where the main part of the site activity often regards rock excavation within urban or sensitive areas. Such a risky and demanding operation should not be “left” only at blasters’ decision and experience. Blasting is considered to embody further scientific knowledge, know-how and technol...

Region of Rehova is located on the North East of Albania. The Rehova mine is 27-km way from Korca region and approximately 14 km from the national road Korca- Erseka. The mine has an extension 1000 km and a falling 600m. Rehova mine from the administrative question belongs to Korca region. The mine is connected with non-asphalt road with national road Korca-Erseka. Most of the populated centers are Vithkuqi, Lubonja, Rroshanj etc. The population is taking care manly the animal husbandry. The relief is of alpine ty...

Contemporary approach for mining investments has a strong support in initial investment documentation, which consist of expert studies, pre-feasibility, and feasibility studies. Based on the author’s personal experiences, this paper points to the mean of evaluation of investments in a starting phase, where actual examples of expert and feasibility studies have been applied.

Mining-related environmental problems should be studied not only at site scale (as imposed by most environmental regulations), but also at a regional scale, enabling satisfactory solutions to be found from the environmental and socioeconomic viewpoints. The regional environmental assessments by BRGM in collaboration with the Indian Bureau of Mines in 2000 are a good illustration of what can be achieved at the scale of a mining district. At a larger scale, the Environmental GIS of Central Europe shows the possibili...

This study is conducted through a NATO – Science for Peace Project “WATERMETAPOL”. Ground-water flow is a major premise for the dissemination of chemical pollutants after they have somehow fallen into the aquifer. The metallurgical plant is settled on a large alluvial cone of Chepelarska River. A highly productive aquifer is formed in the coarse grained deposits. The general direction of ground-water flow is northward, where a final discharge zones are Maritza River and Chepelarska River (lower reach). Sever...

In the present paper a grouting technique was studied in order to protect the buried monuments against the presence of the ground water. Krisis Macedonian Tombs in N. Greece was used as a pilot example for study, given that it is buried in loose sediments where the aquifer overflows their floors. Although the proposed method is expensive, it establishes permanent drainage conditions regarding to pumping. The purpose of this method is to create an impervious shell, which isolates the floor and the walls of the tomb...

In the presented article I deal with one part of the financial managing - capital decision in the conditions of the chosen firm. I will analyse and calculate effectiveness of the developing and most sophisticated capital activity of the firm, which should bring long-term effects, as well as to satisfy proportional development of the firm and to provide stable position on the market.

Coal Mining is one of the oldest industry in India. Coal is the predominant source of primary energy in India. About 63 per cent of the total demand for commercial fuel is currently met by coal and this feature is expected to persist well into the future The demand-supply imbalance in the Indian coal industry is a crucial issue, one that will determine the course of future business strategies charted by this sector. Rapid growth of India’s infrastructure sector will lead to a quantum leap in total demand for ene...

This paper illustrates, by means of the case study of the most important lignite deposit in Northern Greece, the lignite recovery in multi-seam or “zebra” type lignite deposits. It discusses the difficulties encountered in most efficiently producing lignite from this type of sequence, characterized by the multiple interchanges of lignite layers and thin sterile intercalations consisting mainly of clays, marls and sands. The knowledge of the geometry and the quality characteristics of the recoverable lignite ar...

Experimental modeling investigations in heavy metal polluted site of KCM (Pb-Zn smelter) are carried out in two aspects: 1) Determination of the migration ability of the metal (+As) pollutants during water-soil and water-clinker interactions effecting of water and MgCl2 lixiviation and 2) Establishment of the chemical speciation of the pollutants in the eluated liquid phase and of the mineral phases, controlling the water migration, in juxtaposition with the data for ground and surface polluted waters in the site....

The predominant part of the soils in the studied area is alluvial soils with highly variable mechanical composition. According to their grain-size composition soils range from loamy sand, loam, to silty loam and in few cases clay loam. Analyses of the mineral composition of soils show that clay minerals and quartz are the dominant constitutions. Other registered minerals are Kfeldspar, plagioclase, calcite and dolomite with variable amounts. The distribution of heavy metals and As in soils is influenced by natural...

In this study, the recovery of barite and silver from G\"um\"uЕџk\"oy Silver Plant (Turkey) tailings was investigated using Multi Gravity Separation and cyanidation methods. Approximately 20 million tons of tailings contain 20.62\% BaSO4, 51.15\% SiO2, 11.5\% CaCO3, 3.84\% Fe2O3, 4.76\% Al2O3 and 120 g/ton silver with a particle size of 70\% passing 37 $\mu$m have been disposed of to the tailings pond in G\"um\"uЕџk\"oy SilverPlant over the years. Multi Gravity Separator (MGS) produced a concentrate containing 65....

The degree of heavy metal (+As) water and vegetable contamination due to mining and metallurgical activities in the studied area is evaluated in individual and integral aspects. 267 ground, surface and waste water samples, according to the proposed grid, were investigated for trace elements, 56 of them for 34 elements: Al, As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Zn, Hg, Be, B, V, Sn, Mo, Se, Ag, Te, Tl, Ti, U, Ca, Li, Mg, Sr, Bi, Ga, In, K, and Na. The analytical work is performed with inductively coupled plas...

The presentation starts with a comparison between North Sea and West Black Sea in respect of maturity of hydrocarbon provinces and exploration efforts. In continuation of the presentation the integrated approach of OMV will be explained, the first reprocessing results of 1992 seismic vintage will be discussed and all planned further steps will be introduced which will lead to hydrocarbon play definition.

The economic interests of every company, performing prospecting and exploration for mineral resources require conformity with the contemporary market reality. Key element of that is the application of new technologies and methods, which lead to optimal results, while reducing the amount of some expensive and labor-consuming geological exploration works, without damaging the structure of the normative required information in the final documents for proving a commercial discovery (deposit). At the stages of prospect...

This paper provides an overview of the various issues influencing ore dilution in an underground mining. The paper reviews the dilution problem throughout the entire mining process, and provides a rational approach to underground mine design in order to minimize dilution. The stages contributing to dilution include orebody delineation, design and sequencing, stope development, drilling and blasting, and production stages. Vibrations generated by the drillingblasting operations during the ore production could accel...

One of the main subjects of the contemporary project or production/operations management is to make decision. In order to be successful, managers should use modern planning methods. Application of an accepted investment project is as important as its design. As the sources are limited eventually the accepted project which is designed with spending great sources and effort should be completed on time, it is necessary to use them efficiently and cleverly. One of the distinguishing features of contemporary project ma...

This paper summarises the results of the first phase of oil \& gas exploration of the B-Golitza Block. A revised geological framework will be presented, which puts the stratigraphy in a chronostratigraphic scheme, incorporating sequence stratigraphic architecture. Use of a chronostratigraphic framework for exploration of the block has enabled the exploration Play Elements to be identified and both their stratigraphic and aerial distribution to begin to be determined within an integrated methodology that incorporat...

During the last years there is a globalization of the informative treasure of the planet. The informative structures have been combining on social and even continental levels. International informative servers have been created already. Their ability for online usage and administration extremely easy the work of different professional groups. In this connection the geology data has to be qualified as vital and strategic one and respectively the designing of National, Regional Geological servers – for a prime tas...

The North part of Kashmar is located 250 Km South-west of Mashhad, Northeast of Iran. It is a part of Darouneh Fault zone and contains rhyolitic, andesitic pyroclastic and lava flow. The geometry of Kashmar strike-slip fault has been reviewed and described. From the data obtained it appears that fault geometry (the distribution of shear fractures such as R,R,ЩЋP surfaces, Riedel structures) plays an important role in controlling the location and emplacement of mineralization of gold and copper ore deposits. The Ri...

The environmental problems arisen from ground vibration and air blast have been faced and discussed frequently in various industries such as mining, construction, quarry etc. where blasting operations are unavoidable. So the ground vibration effects induced by blasting on structures and human beings need to be predicted, monitored, and controlled. With the increase of the environmental constraints on the levels of disturbance induced by blasting operations nearby residents, there is also an increasing necessity to...

Many production open-spaces and slopes is occurred during or after both production and overburden stripping in coal open pit mines. Under these different conditions sometimes slope stability problems in pit embakments may occur resulting loss of money. In this article the design principles and range of instability of such embakments are introduced. The purpose of this study is to exhibit the methods of field rehabilitation and measures taking in to consideration against possible slope instability.

In recent years, use of paste backfill has evolved from an experimental backfill method with limited application to a technically viable and economically attractive alternative. This is primarily due to the development of dewatering and transportation systems that allow for controlled and consistent production and delivery of paste in a cost-effective manner. In addition, it has been recognized that underground backfill provides for a mechanism to safely dispose of mine wastes such as tailings, which results in co...

The trace elements in the main sulphide and sulphate minerals in coal were determined. Coals with different degree of coalification (ranging from lignite to subbituminous) from three important Bulgarian coal basins – Maritza East, Pernik and Balkan have been investigated. Heavy liquids and hand picking under a binocular stereomicroscope were applied to concentrate the sulphur-bearing minerals present in coal. Trace elements in them were detected by inductively coupled plasma – atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP...