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Rapeseed meal is a valuable source of protein for animals feeding. It can be used as an alternative to soybean meal in the mixtures of combined feeds intended for farm animals. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the chemical and nutritional composition of the rapeseed meal intended for use in the feeding of monogastric livestock. 70 samples of rapeseed meal arrived at the Laboratory of Chemical Analyses for Animal Nutrition, were analysed. The following values were obtained for the main nutritional co...

Animal-origin glues are adhesives made by boiling animal tissues for a long time, and from the chemical point of view they are gelatinous and albuminoid protein substances bearing different names. The most frequently used are gelatins. They are extracted from raw animal hide residues, from cartilages, tendons, and from the gelatinous matter extracted from bones, on which the name and quality of gelatin depends. The gelatin extracted from unhaired hide waste/pelt waste resulting from unhairing bovine hide from tann...

The horseradish (Armoracia rusticana) is a root vegetable that belongs to the botanical family Brassicaceae and due to the high content of bioactive compounds, it has of great interest in many biotechnological fields. The high content of polyphenols, phenols, flavonoids, vitamin C and detoxification enzymes makes horseradish to have a great antioxidant potential and positive effects on the health, being used from ancient times as medicinal plant. The abundance of minerals, vitamins and dietary fibre make horseradi...

The assessment of genetic diversity is a key step in evaluating the adaptation of populations to new environmental conditions, and thus in the selection of new cultivars. The present investigation aimed to assess genetic variability of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes grown in Algeria. The 17 hexaploid genotypes of bread wheat were assessed using 16 molecular microsatellites of SSR (Simple Sequence Repeat). Among the 16 microsatellite markers tested, only 11 markers were the most polymorphic and reprod...

21 strains of E. coli isolated from wild partridge birds - P. Perdix from the western part of Romania were studied. Through laboratory examination, the phenotypic characters of the isolated E. coli strains were highlighted. 21/70 (30%) of E. coli strains isolated from Perdix perdix fixed Congo Red, all isolated strains fermented lactose 21/21 (100%). Hemolytic activity was highlighted in a single strain of E. coli 1/21 (0.21%). The final identification of E. coli strains isolated from wild birds was done using the...

The objective of this work was to evaluate the physical, chemical and rhelogical characteristics of vegetable milk of soybean (soymilk homemade prepared, and some types of soymilk purchased from Romanian supermarkets). Soymilk is an alternative to dairy products and it has long been a traditional drink in China, Japan and other parts of Asia. The soybean (Glycine max) is the most important bean in the world, providing a wide range of vegetable proteins. Soybean is an important source of many bioactive compounds, w...

Vegan alternatives to cheeses are in growing demand in European markets as more and more people are either lactose intolerant or switching to a plant-based diet. When the consumer chooses to buy a vegan cheese, his expectations are that the vegan product has the nutritional and organoleptic characteristics as similar as possible to those of conventional cheeses. This work aimed to obtain two variants of vegan alternative to cheese, using coconut milk as the raw material: one with the addition of white pepper and g...

Aphids have grown significantly both in number of species and in number of individuals in populations, especially in green spaces in urban environments. By feeding, they affect the plants in the structure of the ecosystem at the foliar and floral level, therefore it is necessary to manage them so that they are numerically reduced but at the same time to avoid the application of pesticides. Through this work, 2 ways of management were tried for 5 months (April-August): by exploiting existing natural enemies and by ...

This paper aims to synthesize in a logical and coherent approach the main control techniques used in managing and combating food fraud, as well as to discuss their effectiveness. Given the impact that food fraud can have on consumers' health and well-being, anti- fraud control techniques used throughout the food chain are an important and relevant topic, still insufficiently addressed and accepted in the relevant economic environment. The objectives of the article include presenting the current context of food fra...

Copper has a fantastic role in the organism, indifferent if its mammalian, plant, bacteria or yeast, functioning as a cofactor in enzymes involved in various processes. In agriculture, different copper compounds are used as fungicide to protect plants from fungal diseases. In humans the role of copper is also crucial, as it is an essential trace element being involved in many processes as well as a cofactor for several enzymes involved in antioxidant defense, iron metabolism, and neurotransmitter synthesis, playin...

Since the inception of modern plant breeding, especially with the discovery of heterosis and the development of hybrids, which are known for their ability to enhance crop yields, plant breeders have consistently strived to advance and identify an efficient method for developing inbred lines. In this endeavor, breeders have encountered various challenges, including the complexity of requiring multiple generations to develop inbred lines and the struggle to find effective ways to optimize this process. In our resear...

The multiple therapeutic properties of Chelidonium majus are known and well documented in the bibliography, being used for a long time in Chinese homeopathic medicine [1]. At the level of the skin, in traditional folk medicine, C. majus is used to treat warts, condylomas, and papillae, which are due to human papillomavirus (HPV) infections [2, 3]. In this context, the aim of this study was to assess the potential antitumor effects of C. majus extracts on human melanoma cells - A375 - and to evaluate it in terms of...

Intercropping increases biodiversity in vegetable fields. It affects both above-ground and soil communities. The aim of the research was to study and analyze the soil microbiological and enzymatic activity in intercropping of cabbage with leek, green bean, tagetes, flower mix, and dill. The studies were carried out in two directions: 1) of microflora, as a sensitive indicator of the microbiological status of soils; 2) enzyme research, such as functional characterization and expression of microbial activity. Soil b...

The extrusion process is recognized as the most versatile processing technology, and it can be used to produce food with higher nutritional, functional, and sensory qualities. The extrusion process involves forcing a mixture of ingredients through a small die under controlled conditions of temperature, pressure, and shear. This review highlights the main effects of the process parameters (feed rate, feed moisture, screw speed, barrel temperature, raw material characteristics, etc.) and system parameters (specific ...

In the western part of Romania, Helicoverpa armigera larvae cause significant damage to several types of agricultural and horticultural crops leading to considerable economic losses, so the purpose of this paper was the use of some ecofrendly agricultural practices, namely the use of entomopathogenic microorganisms. The field experiment was conducted at the Research farm of West Land Company SRL, Jimbolia, (Timis County). The trial was laid out during 2022 vegetation season, in randomized block design with seven t...

Recent years have seen an increase in microbial resistance, which has led to great challenges for the medical community in terms of treating diseases and the food industry in terms of contamination and the loss of shelf life. This research aimed to evaluate the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of Elettaria cardamomum against the following reference strains: Streptococcus pyogenes (ATCC 19615), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Shigella flexneri (ATCC 12022), Pseudomonas aerugi...

Chamomile flower, a well-known medicinal plant, possesses significant antioxidant properties attributed to its diverse array of bioactive compounds, including antioxidant proteins. These proteins are vital in combating oxidative stress and neutralizing harmful free radicals. To fully harness the antioxidant potential of chamomile, it is imperative to optimize the extraction methods. This study evaluates the effectiveness of nonconventional mechanical extraction methods using ultrasound to extract antioxidant compo...

The current orientation towards a healthy, calorie-free, high nutritional diet requires the identification and study of new ingredients with high nutritional properties, which introduced into the bread consumed daily, contribute to a suitable diet both for people with special diet needs and for healthy people. In this regard, the use of vegetal matrices such as konjac flour and psyllium bran in the bakery products represents a new idea that could be implemented in the food industry in order to diversify the range ...

The technology for producing gluten-free products based on grains flour continues to improve, which appreciably increases the nutritional importance of these products and expands the assortment of inexpensive gluten-free food products of domestic production. The aim of the addressed topic was to characterize the mineral composition and total antioxidant capacity of millet, flax and buckwheat flours and to identify some potential characteristics to help create healthier products with specific fingerprints. The case...

Increasing resistance of microorganisms to conventional drugs has required scientists to discover new sources of biocides with a broad spectrum of action. Since ancient times, plants and plant derivatives such as essential oils have been used in traditional medicine. In the present study, the ethanolic extracts of the aerial parts (leaves and stem) of Thymus pulegioides were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against some pathogenic bacteria, Gram+ bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes...

Different oleogels were obtained from olive oil (OL), grape seed oil (GO), sunflower oil (SO), walnut oil (WO) and hemp oil (HO) using carnauba wax as a gelling at different concentrations of 5%, 7%, and 9% (w/w). The physical characteristics of the oleogels obtained, such as oil binding capacity (OBC), peroxide index (IP) and color, were determined. From a structural point of view, the oleogels were further investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). It was found that a higher concentration o...

Waste from the food industry is of considerable value and is a valuable raw material, containing proteins, minerals, carbohydrates, lipids, etc. Large quantities of fruit kernels are currently wasted every year from processing plants all over the world, including Romania. This not only means the loss of a potentially valuable resource, but also creates serious problems regarding their storage and logistics in terms of environmental pollution. In order to value such by-products, the aim of this work was to study an...

The main aim of the paper was to obtain a chicken meat pate in which different proportions of goji berries were added in order to increase its functionality and protect it against lipid oxidation. The biofunctional properties of goji berries were initially evaluated by determining total polyphenol content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and total antioxidant activity using the DPPH method. The values obtained allowed estimation of the amount of goji fruit that could successfully replace the synthetic antioxid...

The oil obtained from linoleic sunflower hybrids grown mainly by Romanian farmers shows a low oxidation stability. In the period 2021-2023, high oleic and high oleic high stearic sunflower hybrids were cultivated experimentally in the western part of Romania. A good climatic and pedological adaptability was observed both in the intensive conventional culture and in the biologic one. The fatty acid profile showed the same characteristics. The oil obtained from linoleic sunflower hybrids grown mainly by Romanian far...

Moringa oleifera, commonly known as horse radish tree or drumstick tree is a perennial multipurpose tropical tree. It can be used as medicine, cosmetic and functional food, among others. The benefits of using the leaves are ascribed to the presence of a number of antioxidants. Nowadays it is widely cultivated and naturalized in many countries. Simple methods to extract antioxidants from Moringa leaf are lacking, which were established, stability of antioxidants was assessed, and residue left after extraction was e...

The issue of food security, in the face of threats as resource scarcity, climate change, population growth, pollution etc confronts the agri-food systems all over the world with the challenge of pursuing resilience and sustainability. Western populations do not currently experience food shortages, but others do not have enough food available and some others suffer from hunger. Besides, a topic gaining much attention is the malnutrition condition of the global population. International research present fortificatio...

The aim of the study was to characterize the gelling effect of candelilla wax (DW) using different types of cold-pressed vegetable oil (sunflower oil, olive oil, walnut oil, grape seed oil and hemp seed oil). The structuring of the oleogels was achieved by hot incorporation of oil with different percentages of carnauba wax, as follows: 3%, 5% and 11%. Characterization of the oleogels was done by determining the chemical and physical properties of the oleogels, the oil binding capacity and the texture of the oleoge...

Asclepias syriaca is a perennial species, native to North America. In Romania, being introduced as an ornamental species, in present being found in different habitats (agroecosystems) and on ever wider areas causing damage. Although the basic biological characteristics of Asclepias syriaca are known, its control is a significant problem. As a result, we hypothesized that temperature and sowing depth can be used to reduce the population of Asclepias syriaca. To test this, the seeds were put at 5?C, 27?C, room tempe...

Tomatoes (Solanum Lycopersicum) are fruits rich in bioactive substances, especially compounds with antioxidant characteristics. Tomato fruits are a source of vitamin C, having beneficial properties for health. Current indications lead us to the conclusion that tomato fruits are potential candidates for the study of bioactivity, as well as for functionally developed fruits. The activity of these bioactive compounds is to combat the activity of free radicals. Tomatoes are the most popular vegetable crop in the world...

Agriculture sector has a major role in food security worldwide, through its contribution to the production and availability of highly nutritious and safe foods such as meats, eggs, milk and vegetables. In recent years, global warming crises became a serious worldwide issue since it adversely affects human health. One of the solutions to this serious problem is to establish integrated farming system (IFS). This is because the integrated farming system use natural resources efficiently, reduce problem of waste, mini...

The use of natural products for healing purposes has gained great attention worldwide. Increased interest in certain plant products has been achieved mainly due to their ability to limit antibiotic resistance. Also, as the hypothesis that all biological processes at the cellular level are severely affected by the formation of free radicals has been confirmed, it is attempted to highlight some active principles in plants and their use as agents to counteract the oxidative process [1, 2]. This paper aims to demonstr...

Pasta, is an unleavened, dry food produced from flour, water and eggs and other additions such as vegetables, fruits. In this paper on the basis of the technology and recipe of its own manufacture, two types of wide noodles with broth and wide noodles with spinach were obtained. Based on the methods of the quality standards, the samples of noodles were evaluated physicochemical from the point of view of the water content, as well as the content of protein and ash substances. The results obtained by physicochemical...

The artisanally produced cheese feels a major comeback. Shops specialising in artisanal cheeses are increasingly selling artisanal cheeses made by local producers. In this work we made an assortment of matured cheese, from cow's milk, according to a traditional recipe from Harghita County, Romania. The technological process of obtaining ripened cheeses from cow's milk, studied by us, complies with the traditional technology used for many years. The products obtained were physicochemical evaluated in terms of moist...

The article examines the possibility of using corrugated pipes in the evaporator to intensify the heat exchange process. A computer model was constructed using the finite element method in Fluent ANSYS. Performed computer simulation of the boiling process of liquid in a smooth and corrugated pipe and was check it for adequacy. According to the modeling results, was carry out a comparative analysis of quantitative and qualitative indicators for a smooth and corrugated pipe. The temperature value in smooth and corru...

This study was examined to assess the beneficial effects of baobab flour (BF) on wheat flour (WF) muffins. Four (4) types of muffins, including control and 3 with 10, 20, and 30% BF, were produced and analyzed from a nutritional, phytochemical, and organoleptic point of view. The results of the nutritional analyses revealed that partial substitution of WF by BF significantly improved the nutritional characteristics of the muffins. There was a significant increase in mineral and lipid content in the muffins as BF b...

Goji fruits (Lycium barbarum) are known for their very high content of antioxidants, supplemented by a high intake of vitamins, (including vitamins A, C and vitamins from the B complex), minerals (calcium, magnesium, selenium), proteins, fibers and amino acids. Thus, goji fruits have a very high nutritional potential, which is why their inclusion in the daily menu or their use for therapeutic purposes have proven extremely beneficial for the human body. Hazelnuts (Corylus avelana) and pistachios (Pistachia vera) a...

Induction and synchronization of estrus during non-breeding season is the most frequently used biotechnological method of assisted reproduction in sheep. Synchronization of estrus in sheep is a very important breeding technique as it can effectively improve the reproductive performance of sheep, minimize the effects of seasonal factors on sheep reproduction, extend the breeding season of sheep, shorten the estrus interval, increase the gestation rate, increase the birth rate, it can also lead to the shortening of ...

The indicator of the quality of edible oils is its oxidative stability. The oxidative reactions can be influenced by several factors (light, heat, oxygen reaction with unsaturated lipids) and by chemical and enzymatic mechanisms (autoxidation, photooxidation and lipoxygenases). These factors can accelerate lipid oxidation, decrease oxidative stability and cause significant modification on sensory properties, what lead to nutritional depreciation of edible oil and decrease in the shelf life. The aims of this study ...

To improve individual and total meat production, it is necessary to implement control models of anthropogenic influence on meat production, i.e., the readjustment and diversification of mammal and poultry meat productions to the needs of the processing industry and the regional market trend. Depending on the evolution of herds and productions, the implementation of measures to improve organizational management is aimed at ensuring, in addition to nutrition, environmental control and favourable maintenance conditio...

Nanopore technology has become widely used because of its ability to analyze molecules at an individual level, so we are seeing a dynamic development in the use of nanopores to analyze biological molecules. In 2014, the first commercial nanopore-based device capable of sequencing long strands of DNA or RNA. While the system appears to be working well, signal analysis still has barriers. The main advantage of nanopore sequencing is that it can study the structure of a single molecule and generate reads many times l...

Nettle leaf powder is an excellent source of nutritional compounds (proteins, minerals, fibers, carbohydrates) and biologically active compounds: terpenoids, carotenoids, fatty acids, various polyphenolic compounds, essential amino acids, chlorophyll, vitamins, etc., essential for the health of the human body. Therefore, nettle powder could be used as a nutritional supplement. The nutritional quality of the nettle powder can be influenced by the drying technique of the nettle leaves, respectively by the water cont...

The use of some non-wheat raw materials in the form of flours, extracts, and malts has always been of interest to food producers. The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional potential of some types of malted barley flour (MBF) to develop a range of breads with improved sensory, nutritional, and technological qualities. Malted barley flour (MBF) contains health-promoting compounds that enhance the nutritional value of bakery products when combined with wheat flour (WF). Two types of MBF (Amber and C...

In cattle, uterine infections are one of the major causes of reproductive disorders. These bacterial infections are frequently treated with antibiotics, but their effectiveness must be evaluated, due to the continuous emergence of bacterial strains with multiple drug resistances. The research was conducted on several 190 samples from cows with a presumptive diagnosis of endometritis. The exploitation technology practiced at this farm is the free stall type. Samples were collected using sterile swabs and transporte...

Echinacea purpurea is a herbaceous plant that is 80-150 cm tall. [1] The roots of the plant penetrate deep into the soil, they have fibrous ramifications, the rhizome is short. Its leaves are wide, lanceolate or elliptic-oblong, and the flowers are conical, have a violet color. Echinacea species are native to North America and in Europe they are cultivated as medicinal or ornamental plants. [17] The research focused on determining the photosynthetic rate in this species, using variants cultivated both in vivo and ...

The antibiotic resistance is a well-researched and of great interest subject for both veterinary and human medicine, not only due to the impact on human and animal health, but also for the effects that are triggered in the long run that are hard to specify at this moment. It is unanimously recognized the fact that the emergence of antimicrobial resistance phenomenon reduces the possibility of a large scale use of bacterial etiology diseases preventing and controlling means In the study was aimed both the isolation...

The new tendency of consumers and processors in the food industry is to use organic products. Because intensive crops involve the use of pesticides and fertilizers, a bio alternative to tomatoes can be the rosehip from spontaneous flora. In this study, four variants (control, sweet, spicy and hot) of rosehip chutney were prepared as an alternative for tomato ketchup. The sensory characteristics were evaluated (by hedonic scale). The vitamin C content (by titrimetric iodometric method), polyphenols content (by Foli...

Sulfonamides are appropriate ligands for the preparation of coordination compounds with biological activity, as they possess bactericidal, antiviral, antidiabetic, and diuretic properties and some sulfonamide compounds are under clinical evaluation for cancer treatment. Metal complexes provide highly versatile platforms for drug design. Considering the biological potential of the quinoline nucleus, but also of the sulfonamide scaffold (especially antimicrobial), as well as that of the quinoline- sulfonamide combin...

This study aims to determine the specific fingerprints of cauliflower and broccoli available on the Romanian market based on mathematical models and chemical analysis (moisture content, minerals content, total antioxidant capacity and total polyphenols content). These vegetables (cauliflower and broccoli) are considered essential for the human diet due to their bioactive content and nutritional value. The content of minerals and antioxidant compounds varies depending on their varieties, environmental conditions, r...

Dioecious Cannabis sativa L. is grown for derived products that are of industrial, food and therapeutic importance. The research aims to highlight the therapeutic potential. The study's main objective is to examine the antibacterial activity of dioecious hemp extracts on two bacterial strains. The plant material comes from 4 varieties of dioecious hemp CS (Cannabis sativa L.): CS1-Armanca, CS2- Lovrin 110, CS 3- Silvana and CS 4- Teodora. The antibacterial property of the plant biological material was tested on tw...

The purpose of the paper was to assess the rheological properties of some kinds of sausages from the local market. Three different kinds of sausages were chosen: Cabanos (CS), Peasant (PS) and Grill (GS). In order to analyze the viscoelastic characteristics stress relaxation tests were run on the above food at the room temperature. With the "Origin" program, the graphic part was made, obtaining for each three compression curves. From these curves were calculated the compression module (or elasticity module or Youn...