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The spectrum of energy resource depletion in the coming years has been a serious alarm signal and has led to the identification of the possibilities for substitution of depleting resources, the reduction of environmental imbalances caused by the exploitation, processing and utilization of the resources used up to now. This alarm signal has led mankind to operate with a new concept, the energy security concept. For most specialists, energy security means producing the necessary energy in their own country and reduc...

At the moment, there is a significant problem of the Russian industry lagging behind world levels. The reason for this is the rupture of connections between social, natural and economic systems, consideration of economics in isolation from the law of nondecreasing growth rates of free energy of living systems. As a result, there was a need for the creation and development of an ?economic system - an industrial enterprise?, i.e. creating a flexible, diversified and receptive to innovation system in order to increas...

The paper reports the results of petrological calculations of some generations of rock-forming (pyroxene, amphibole, biotite) minerals and accessory minerals (zircon and apatite) from the Mesozoic igneous rocks of the poorly studied Dzheltula alkaline massif. It is the largest magmatic structure of the Tyrkanda ore region, located in the eastern part of the Aldan-Stanovoy shield. Obtained results of identification of physical-chemical conditions of pyroxene, amphibole and biotite crystallization indicate the fact,...

The coastal lakes of the Romanian Black Sea shore comprise significant ecosystems, characterized by marine, brackish and freshwater assemblages. Therefore, these lakes may be seen as biodiversity huge reservoirs and natural bio-filters. They offer natural resources linked to their high biological production and productivity. This paper is presenting the current research state in the field of quality assessment of the aquatic ecosystems, with special regards to the lakes occurring in the southern Romanian Black Sea...

One of the most abundant renewable resources with a great potential as raw materials for production of fuels and bulk chemicals are carbohydrates derived from biomass. Among these, esters levulinates have been widely used as solvents and plasticizers in food industry or as fuels additives for transportation. The direct synthesis of methyl levulinate from fructose over solid superacid SO42?/TiO2-La2O3 catalyst was investigated in this study. The influence of different reaction parameters such as reaction temperatur...

Core analysis is obligatory when developing mineral deposits or estimating reserves. Coring is always accompanied by taking photographs of the samples. Today, these photographs can also be used for additional research. For example, it is possible to extract information about the optical porosity from photogrammetric data, carry out an automated lithological classification or determine other physical and chemical characteristics of rocks within the sampling interval. Photogrammetric imaging result is a digitally un...

Increasing production scale and demand highlights the necessity of industrial waste water purification. Such water, except for harmful impurities that pollute environment ecologically, contain substances whose return into the production cycle makes the production process more economical. From this point of view, purification and concentration of water generated after the regeneration of cationites used in the process of water treatment, is more relevant. Lot of productions, such as energy, electronic, radio techno...

The Polish Cu-Ag deposits on the Fore-Sudetic Monocline are characterized by the occurrence of sedimentary structures called the elevations of the Weissligend top. These are elongated forms in the shape of sandy shafts whose occurrence affects the change in the value of deposit parameters (including reduction of the shale series's thickness). In the Lubin deposit, these elevations are the least well-known among all such structures in the entire Lubin-Glogow Copper District (LGCD). The basic material of the study w...

The aim of the present study was to determine the content of coumarin as a possible methanogenesis inhibitor in prepared model silages made of mixed cropping system (MC)crops composed of Zea mays L. and Melilotus albus MED. (white sweet clover).Global efforts to reduce dependence on non-renewable fossil fuels are intensified andbiomass production is becoming increasingly important. European Union (EU)intervention in the field of renewable energy has contributed to increasing the demand forbiomass intended for biog...

In the paperwork is exposed a practical way for establishing critical points position in a pressurized enclosure by using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. It is known that for complex inner structures of pressurized enclosures it's very difficult to precisely establish the position of critical points. Those critical points are points where the concentration of the test gas will reach at the latest to the desired value of concentration in the process of testing. In the first part of the paper were...

The work is considering of technology of Crude distillation unit in general modern technology of refining process. Crude distillation unit (CDU) is at the front-end of the oil refinery. Oil topping column K-1 is especially important in the general crude distillation unit technology in Russia. The main purpose of K-1 column is separation of light gasoline and the main part of the dissolved gases from crude oil in order to normalize the amount of gasoline hydrocarbons following to the main column K-2 and to stabiliz...

This paper examines changing environment of natural gas market with focus on Europe. It discusses the supply demand balance suggesting that developments in recent years will likely lead to higher natural gas prices and the need for new infrastructure in order to provide energy security at affordable prices. Last decade has seen significant fluctuations in prices of natural gas globally. In middle of 2018 market signal indicates that prices have bottomed out in the first half of 2016 and now they are on upward traj...

This scheme is based on the idea that the stratigraphic limits of this time interval (251 ma) correspond to the temporal positions of a large number of distinct dynamic moments (change of meaning of the radial motions) linked with two cycles: Valach climatic cycle (VhCCy ? 4.1 ma, pulsations of the Solar System) and Raup-Sepkoski cycle (RSCy ? 26.78 ma, pulsations of our galaxy). Many of these moments, often perceived as tectonic phases or as important extinctions, led various global changes which allowed the sepa...

We present developed model for decision support in environmental economics within geo-information management paradigm. We consider socio-economic geographically distributed natural-technical systems and use to manage them the basic principles of environmental economics and geo-information management in accordance with a complex approach that involve the integration of efforts of all sectors: society, government and business. We used Foresight technologies, theory of decision making under uncertainties, geoinformat...

The article presents the possibilities of using post-mining facilities and areas for tourist and geo-education purposes, as well as the specificity and conditions of such ventures, from local initiatives to projects with international renown. Factors deciding about the success of investments using post-mining relics were analyzed, mainly in terms of conditions for the implementation of projects for protection and securing such remnants as well as economic and social results of the project in the long-term perspect...

Determination of the velocities anisotropy and direction of fast and slow shear waves propagation in the reservoirs containing hydrocarbon deposits is important for the choice of a field development model. The paper describes computing technique the magnitude of the shear waves anisotropy and the assessment of the preferred propagation directions for fast and slow shear waves in the Akan oil field, Republic of Tatarstan, the Russian Federation. In the course of the work, the cross-dipole acoustic logging data were...

It is recognised on global and European level that organic agriculture is more sustainable and environment friendly production system. Organic agriculture, including food, (hereinafter - agri-food) production shows considerable growth on the global and European Union (EU) level, including Latvia. It has been widely considered by scholars, experts and politicians that organic agri-food production is beneficial for rural development through: enhanced entrepreneur activities; growth of jobs; creation of added value a...

Land use of the closed joint stock company "Zarya" is located in an extremely arid zone, which affects the specialization of the economy and the peculiarities of the use of agricultural land. The territory of CJSC "Zarya" is located within the Terek-Kuma artesian basin. Land use of the grape farm is located in the zone of distribution of chestnut soils. Depending on the qualitative composition of the soil are divided into five soil-reclamation groups. In the course of monitoring of agricultural land economy identi...

The most important part of any successful program of obtaining stable yields of agricultural crops is the development of effective plant protection products. The use of pesticides and chemical control methods has revolutionized agriculture. Chemical means of protection attracted attention by cheapness, variety of drugs, and most importantly, high efficiency The toxicity of some pesticides did not cause much concern, and only excessive saturation of the environment with pesticides sharply raised the question of lim...

The article considers the criteria of typification of municipal solid waste according to their degree of danger. It is proposed the approaches based on the adaptation of the criteria to the differentiation of unauthorized landfills depending on the extent of their negative impact on the environment and human health. The criteria of typification of MSW landfills are formulated on the basis of analysis of waste composition, location of dump, its area and environmental hazards. Environmental hazard of landfills is de...

The objective of this work was to develop the waste-free eco-pure composite technology for fruit and vegetable processing to produce high quality, storage- and sediment-resistant juices, pectin, P vitamin and essential oils within a single production cycle. Georgia is an agricultural country with a large cultivation of fruit and vegetables. At present, they are processed in small amounts and of rather low quality. The juice produced by the conventional technology is not stable, as its pulp precipitates, but the ju...

Renewable energy sources, including wood pellets, are increasingly used in the world to reduce CO2 emissions from the production of electrical and thermal energy. One of the largest producers of wood pellets in Europe is located in Latvia; it is a significant exporter of wood pellets on the European scale, exporting approximately 90% of the total quantity produced and supplying the remaining 10% to the domestic market. Even though there are favourable conditions for wood pellet production, industrial consumption o...

The diatom method is a useful tool for reconstructing the history of lakes and for understanding the nature of changes in their water level that occurred in the past. It also shows the periods of freshwater and brackish phases in the development of water basins. A long core was taken in the deepest part of Lake Big Miassovo in July 2018. The core covered the time span of 13 500 years. Following the analysis of 14 core samples from Lake Big Miassovo, 97 diatom taxa belonging to 44 genera were identified. The domina...

Increasing demand for new energy sources requires the use of new substances in the production of energy or at least innovative application of the already known compounds. Considering the above, LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) is more and more often used as fuel, as the growing pollution of the environment and rapid climate changes force the reduction of emissions of sulphur and nitrogen oxides to the environment. Liquid methane no longer contains sulphur oxides in any form because they are removed during the gas metha...

Light hydrocarbons migrate from the petroleum accumulations to the Earth?s surface through faults and fractures. The occurrence of these hydrocarbons in the near-surface zone forms the basis for the surface geochemical methods. The purpose of these methods is to record and analyze the distributions of micro-concentration of gaseous hydrocarbons. The paper presents the results of surface geochemical survey carried out in the ?Kosina? hydrocarbon concession block in SE part of the Carpathian Foredeep. The surveys we...

Afghanistan has a complicated geologic and tectonic setting due to its position between two active plates of Indian and Eurasia. The country is composed of a serious of tectonic crustal block, which are separated by faulting systems. With consideration of these active faults, besides other types of magmatic rock complexes, ultramafic rocks have widely distribution over the various part of the country. Based on the previously geological investigation of, most of the ultramafic complexes have distribution within Log...

The paper presents an attempt to integrate the results of surface geochemical survey (?free gas? method) and soil magnetic susceptibility carried out in "Brzesko-Wojnicz" area, the SE part of Poland. The measurement profile is located at the border of two regional tectonic units: the central part of the Carpathian Foredeep and the Outer Carpathians. . The purpose of the article was to find out a relationship between different indicators of hydrocarbon microseepage, which can provide useful information, especially ...

In the development of Latvia?s economy fisheries industry has always played a significant role, especially in development of the Baltic Sea and Riga Gulf coastline area. The fisheries industry has not only a long-standing history and traditions, but also an internal development potential and the ability to produce competitive products in the world market. The aim of the research is to reflect the diversity and competitiveness of the product in the Latvian fisheries industry. On the grounds of the methodology offer...

This paper analyzes and summarizes the main results of Technological and Nontechnological Eco-innovations performance through the investment planning framework and gives comprehensive overview of one of European Union Investments planning case in one of the Baltic States. The used methods: scientific literature and legislative documents analysis show the planned and called investments overview during the 20142020 financial planning period and explicitly outlines the fields of investment planning attractiveness int...

Weathering of open adits, dumps and non-isolated tailing impoundments at abandoned ore deposits cause many problems such as water, soil and stream sediments contamination by potentially toxic elements. Soil contamination often results in a local change in biodiversity. In the present study, we describe the diversity of plants and fungi in the areas contaminated mainly with arsenic and antimony. The highest contaminant contents (As, Sb, Pb, Zn, Cu) in soils were generally identified in alluvia of draining streams. ...

A study conducted over a longer period of time for an architectural heritage building from masonry is presented. The specific features of the asymmetric structural systems, the normative provisions in Romania, the strengthening works possibilities necessary after the action of severe Vrancea earthquakes for these systems and also of structural analysis using instrumental data processing techniques are considered. The results obtained in three stages- before, during and after the strengthening works, from Fourier s...

This paper presents an analysis of available statistical data on changes in the area of renewable energy sources in the European Union (EU). The analysis of the results takes into account, e.g. the share of renewable energy in final gross energy consumption and the share of renewable energy in gross power consumption. The analyzed source data relate to EU member states. The presented statistical data are based on data prepared in accordance with the accounting rules set in Directive 2009/28/EC regarding the promot...

The article deals with the impact of public recreation on forest communities near sacred sites in the suburban area of the city. The question is actual and is caused by an assessment of influence of forest types of recreation on components of forest biogeocenosis. It is revealed that for this purpose it is necessary to achieve strict observance of the basic ecological and forestry requirements at the organization of forest territories by types of the recreational occupations guaranteeing reliable preservation and ...

In order to fight for a clean environment, different types of action that can be helpful in this situation must be taken. The environment should be taken care of by the governments of individual countries, enterprises and various organizations, but also by ordinary people. The last group is particularly important because people transfer their behavior to their family, children, work, etc. But to know what to do, how to behave to help the environment, people must have an ecological awareness of their actions and li...

The progress of development must be assessed by relevant indicators. Two fundamental indicators for agriculture often proposed by principal schools of modern economics are work and land productivity. In addition to facilitating comparisons between countries, it is paramount to consider historical factors that have shaped agriculture. Poland's accession to the European Union fostered a number of discussions on the performance of Polish agriculture between both scientists and decision makers. To analyse selected soc...

Latvia is one of the greenest countries in Europe, and one of the advantages it gives is an opportunity to incorporate its nature and naturalness in tourism products. It is important for Latvia as a small country to contribute to the visibility of tourism products, which could promote sustainable economic growth. Solutions could be found within the scope of government policies. One of the objectives is to promote exports of tourism services without causing problems to the natural and social environments. In touris...

Ecotourism is often connected s concepts nature tourism, wildlife tourism, soft tourism, green tourism. In Slovakia, there is a known concept of green tourism, which main goal is stay in environment untouched by man. Ecotourism is a form of tourism involving visiting fragile, pristine, and relatively undisturbed natural areas, intended as a lowimpact and often small scale alternative to standard commercial mass tourism. It means responsible travel to natural areas, conserving the environment, an improving the well...

In the last decades the ecotourism become ever so popular in the protected natural areas. This form of tourism is more and more used as a new science which can reflect the new coordinates and trends for the development of the tourism industry on a global scale. In the beginning it was applied only in the natural protected areas, and step by step its area of influence got extended over the other major forms of tourism as well. By the end of the 20th century and beginning of the 21st century the ecotourism is gradua...

Ecotourism is one of the most rapidly developing new forms of the tourism industry which started to gain ground considerably by the end of the 20th century. This is the new trend in promoting a conscious and sustainable form of tourism with regards to the inherited natural environment and which promotes education, protection and preservation of the natural environment, economic growth and social development of the local communities. Thus in this paper we would like to present some of the aspects of the actual stat...

Salmonid fishes have always been the most valuable objects of the fisheries in the Baltic region. The population growth in Baltic region and the demand for fish products have resulted in the overfishing and impoverishment of many fishing areas. Most of wild types of fishes are losing their native spawning areas because of anthropogenic transformation involving hydro-technical construction, eutrophication of water bodies, water pollution and inadequate fishery. Heavy metals are considered as main toxicants in the p...

Catch crops have the potential to positively affect soil and environmental quality, including the reduction of soil erosion by water. As growing of catch crops require additional costs, farmers should be aware of the benefits that catch crops can provide. The objective of the paper is to evaluate the potential effect of catch crops with respect to reduction of soil erosion in transboundary Lielupe and Venta river basin districts (RBDs) shared by Latvia and Lithuania. Both RBDs are characterized by intensive crop f...

In-situ combustion is considered as one of the most effective ways to enhance recovery of heavy crude oils and bitumens. The oxygen from injected air reacts with the heavy components of the crude oil, forming a hot zone in which the cracking and oxidation of the heavy fractions occurs. It is noted that the combustion process essentially depends on the pressure and the nature of the crude oil. Thus detailed study on the effect of the gas phase composition on the processes of crude oil oxidation seems to be relevant...

The presented work deals with the effect of maize and legume planting density within mixed cropping system (MC) on selected indicators of soil quality: (1) microbial carbon content (Cmic); (2) total soil carbon (Ctot) content and (3) total soil nitrogen (Ntot) content. To demonstrate potential effect of different plant density within MC, 4-year field experiment was established in 2017 and will continue until 2020. The field experiment consisted of two MC groups with different plant density of maize (75 000 plants/...

The development of industry is always accompanied by an increase in the negative impact on nature. A variety of waste generated at the production stage for a long time is stored, accumulated and transformed. This is especially true for organic waste, the amount of which is steadily increasing as the industry develops. In this regard, the issue of their processing is becoming increasingly important. Currently, one of the optimal types of organic mass processing is pyrolysis. However, in most cases, thermochemical p...

The biology and ecology of Daphnia (Crustacea: Cladocera) is dependent on a number of biotic and abiotic factors. One of the ways Daphnia adapts to changes in environmental conditions is their swimming behavior. In this study, we assessed the effect of temperature and light intensity on the swimming activity of Daphnia magna in laboratory experiments using computerized video analysis in real time by the hardware-software system ?TrackTox?. In experiments we simulated different levels of temperature (14.5 ± 0.2, 20...

The article deals with the effective reduction of drinking water loss in its distribution in the territory of the model municipality in the Czech Republic. Loss reduction is a long-term process that is one of the cornerstones of the strategy of each operator or owner of the water supply system. Losses of water in water network characterize not only the construction-technical condition of the distribution system in a given agglomeration, but also one of the business cards of the operator or owner of the distributio...

The aim of the paper was to determine the level and structure of material expenditures in the selected organic farms. As measures of effectiveness of use of material expenditures, relations of the total value of agricultural production and the agricultural income to material expenditures were assumed. The scope of the study covered the research in thirty certified organic farms located in the south Poland in Malopolskie, Podkarpackie, and Slaskie voivodeships. These farms held certificates of organic farms. Materi...

Thermal methods have attracted a significant attention for the extraction of high-viscosity oil and natural bitumen. One of the promising methods for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) is in-situ combustion (ISC). In the reservoir, the combustion process occurred in the porous media of rock. As we all know that rock contains different minerals that may influence the crude oil combustion characteristics when air is injected into the heavy oil reservoir. Thus, it is important to determine the influence of various types of ...

The research studied the effects of solubility, disperse features (Z average diameter dav, and charge (?-potential) of the particles of heavy-metal slightly soluble compounds exemplified by aluminum (III), zinc (II) and plumbum (II) hydrates related to efficiency of their removal from aqueous solutions in the composition of 2- and 3-component systems by means of electroflotation and filtration within a wide pH-range (5 ? 12). The metals in question demonstrate various pH-values of hydrates formation and solution. ...

A sustainable remediation of halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons pollution such as chlorobenzenes (CB) based on the use of electro-Fenton as treatment process requires the development of reactor conditions as well as the cost of operations. A combined process coupling an electrochemical and Fenton processes with Pd catalyst in order to degrade CB was investigated with H2O2 production. The electro-Fenton treatment of CB was examined and the processes mechanism was identified for different concentrations of 5-11 mg/L ...