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In our days more and more people focus they attention towards the problems of environment and the living conditions since the Earth is a very rich reservoir of natural resources which ensure life. Around the world people demonstrate for and demand that the substances which destroy the environment shouldn’t be used anymore. It is well known fact that the territory of the Danube Delta Biosphere Reservation is permanently subjected to a large quantity of domestic waste resulting from the activities of exploitation of...

Heavy metals in wastewater are quite important because of being toxic effect for public health. Wastewaters that contain heavy metals are generally caused by industries discharged, either after primary treatment or even no-treatment farmers in Konya use wastewater for irrigation that discharged into canal. This causes soil pollution also decreases plant quality. Heavy metals can reach to humans and animals and causes toxic effects through food-chain. The aim of this study is determining heavy metal accumulation on...

For identification, preliminary selection and mapping of potential sites for regional waste landfills methods are applied, which are based on modern technologies - remote sensing, automated procedures in GIS environment for reduction of selected potential sites on the basis of pre-set categories and criteria as well as computer-aided visual interpretation of vector and raster data from the “CORINE Land Cover 2000 - Bulgaria” project. Office activities are followed by field investigations during which the main qual...

Jurassic brown coal layers of the Kansk-Achinsk basin are the actual source for thermal power stations of West Siberia. The thick (up to 70 m) coal layers lay almost horizontally. Typical unaltered coal is low in trace elements and has, correspondingly, a low radioactivity. However, coal in the uppermost part of the thick dense layers is most often altered to become friable and acquire unusually high contents of some trace elements including natural radioactive ones. Brown coal samples from open-cut mines and natu...

We present a method for the neutralisation of heavy metals – Pb, Zn, Cd and Cr in contaminated water and soils by binding them into water-insoluble complexes, inabsorbable by plants, which was found to be effective under laboratory and green-house conditions. By introducing multiblock copolyethers (MBPE) and low molecular weight organic chelates (LOC) in water, containing heavy metal ions, they interact stoichiometrically and precipitate, affording water of irrigation quality. Treatment with MBPE and LOC (by singl...

The destructive economic processes in the extraction of minerals and ores, and the global climate change may cause landslide expansion in the area of the abandoned open mines. The landslides are hazardous for the nearby settlements and road infrastructure. The legislative and regulatory documents lag behind the requirements of the practice of protection of sliding terrains along the ridges of the abandoned open mines. In order to solve the problem, the regulations related to landslide protection should be updated ...

The selective bio-solubilization of mineral sulphide deposits has had an upward development lately due to the irreversible depletion of the ore deposits and the accumulation of large quantities of refuse dumps, the process being equally important for the economy and the environment. This paper aims at carrying out a quantitative assay of both the heterotrophic and the sulphur-oxidising bacteria of the Thiobacillus genus found in samples of mine waters collected from the Barza and Valea Morii mining sites in the Ap...

Different kinds of pesticide are used for protection of plant from different pests which are bacteria, insects, fungi, nematotes, worm’s etc. Generally they give some advantage farmers’ plant production, but they also have some important disadvantage with their residues on plant materials. Farmers mostly apply pesticides higher than the needed levels to quarantive the higher production. They sometime use the pesticides later than deformation period. This time some residue chemicals may still be on the application ...

The major impact of early mining resulted from the establishment of this mine tailings, which neutralized hundreds hectares of land, which due poor management and neglect have been subjected to varying degrees of water and wind erosion. Environmental impacts range from water pollution (acid mine drainage derived from oxidation of sulphides, mainly pyrite, and the heavy metals in the Mooteh mine tailings), air pollution in the form of airborne dust from unrehabilitated, partially rehabilitated and reprocessed mine ...

The concept of constructing the industrial wastes storage in the rooms after salt mining in the „Polkowice-Sieroszowice” mine, which is currently considered by KGHM POLSKA MIEDZ S.A., would allow for disposing about 50 000 tons of wastes per year. These wastes are arduous for the environment and at present there are not other methods of their utilization than just storing them in the surface waste management facilities. These wastes have physical, chemical and toxic properties allowing to store them underground. T...

The quantity and the content of the landfill gas, emitted/extracted from landfill for non-hazardous waste “Suhodol” have been studied. Modeling calculations have been executed and forecast data for the quantity of the emitted and utilized landfill gas for the period till 2040 have been done. Methods for the treatment of the landfill gas, as it consists of methane - a powerful greenhouse gas, have been presented. The applicability of the presented different methods for Landfill “Suhodol” has been assessed. Assessme...

TOC (Total Organic Carbon), TKN (Total Kjedhal Nitrojen), tP (total Phosporus), C/N (Carbon/Nitrogen ratio) contents and other properties of Municipal Solid Waste, in İstanbul are suitable for Compost Production. Compost is an extremely useful agent in agriculture, provides humous to soil, improves its porosity, workability, aeration and needless to say improves water absorption capacity. It also helps increasing the number of saprofit micro organisms and helps plants to get more of fertilizers. Another advantage ...

The studied area is 1960 km2 and located in Zanjan province and is placed between 48º, 48´ to 49º, 30´ east longitude and 35 º, 57´ to 36º, 36´north latitude. Human pollutants are mainly home and human sewage which is discharged by absorbent wells that seems to be one of the best ways of discharging sewage. On the other hand in the places where the underground water recharge the river, there is a possibility of having some environmental problems in the nearly future.Presently, the amounts of BOD5 and COD are due t...

At present, there is a lot of interest in the use of dynamic simulation for optimization and operation of wastewater treatment plants. For this purpose, different mathematical models are used. Development of these models requires a complicated conceptual approach. It involves identification of all carbonaceous and nitrogenous components. The Activated Sludge Model No.1 (ASM1) presented by the IAWQ Task Group on Mathematical Modelling for Design and Operation of Biological Wastewater Treatment Processes is generall...

The Varna lake is connected with Varna bay (situated in the north – west part of the Black Sea with two channels).The lake has a strategic role in the economy of Varna city. This determine the interest and necessity from investigation of changes in it hydrological and hydrobiological conditions. The variations of this parameters in the lake ecosystems is provoke from antropogenical influence ( particulary the effect of heat pollution from coastal electric power stations). During the last 10 years, thermo-electric ...

The environmental problem of natural occurring radioactive materials (NORM) is omnipresent on Earth, and their radioactivity may become concentrated as a result of human activities. Various industries produce concentrated radioactivity in their by-products: Mining originating industries such as the coal industries, petroleum extraction and processing and natural gas, mining enrichment waste, phosphate, etc. They have been well known and widely investigated. The EPA describes NORM wastes from the mining and process...

In this article, pollution of ecological systems with heavy metals and their hazardous effects were investigated as a view of waste management. Several industries from mining to electroplating produce large volumes of wastewater containing heavy metals. These wastewater cause accumulation of heavy metals through ecological circle in soil, plants and animals which directly enter human food chains presenting a high hazardous effect on consumers. They may cause severe damage of the kidney, reproductive system, liver,...

Due to limitations in the spatial and temporal coverage of air quality measurements, monitoring data normally are not sufficient as the sole basis for demonstrating the adequacy of emission limits for existing sources. Also, the impacts of new sources that do not yet exist can only be determined through modeling. Dispersion models are used in all the basic applications such as the determination of the effect of a pollutant source on environment, calculation of ground level concentrations and regulatory control of ...

The elimination of finely emulsified oil from waste waters is an important problem, and so far, no satisfactory solution thereto is available worldwide. Here we report some of the results from our studies on the purification of water from different types of oil, to allow waste water re-use in the technological cycle, or use for agricultural irrigation. The isolation of oil is performed by treatment of waste water with polymers of specific adsorption behaviour and solubilizing properties in aqueous medium. Multiblo...

We took into consideration aspects regarding the physiology at two species of wooden angiosperms cultivated in sites from industrial area of Borzesti, Bacau District: Populus tremula L. and Tilia tomentosa Moench., during their ontogenetic cycle. We also talked about aspects related to some special biochemical and physiological parameters (dry matter content and assimilating pigments content). The researches of vegetal physiology have used classical methods of investigation. The negative influence of air pollutant...

In this paper a total of seven samples (a river sediment, two surface soil samples, and four surrounding rocks) from the Pangaion area, Northern Greece, were collected and analyzed for their content in 10 major (Al, Ca, Cl, Fe, K, Mg, Na, P, S, and Si) and 32 trace elements (Ag, As, B, Ba, Cd, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Ga, Ge, Hg, La, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Rb, Sb, Se, Sn, Sr, Th, Ti, U, V, W, Y, Zn, and Zr). The sampling was based on the major geomorphological processes of the area. The two soil samples are typical of the...

Many industrial processes and sewage treatment facilities produce odours, most of which are of decomposed sulphur compounds. Hydrogen sulphide (H2S), which is a very toxic and corrosive gas, may be the standard indicator among the obnoxious odours and therefore the amount released into the air is required to be regulated strictly. Hydrogen sulphide was efficiently removed from contaminated air by a pilot-scale bio-filter; a column prepared with soil, sawdust and activated sludge materials from the leather industry...

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) can effect plant growth and development in two different ways: indirectly or directly. Indirect promotion of plant growth occurs when these bacteria decrease or prevent some of the deleterious effects of phytopathogenic microorganism. The most important way is the direct way, when bacteria promote plant growth by providing the plant with a compound that is synthesized by the bacteria from plant rhizosphere. From this point of view there are many studies that show the imp...

ccording to Environment Report 2004, eight main areas with most violated environment can be identified in Slovak republic. Among those areas are also regions with mining and raw mineral processing, e.g . Jel\vsavsko -luben\'\icka, Rudniansko-gelnick\'a, Ko\vsicko-pre\vsovsk\'a a Zempl\'\inska regions. Affected regions can be defined by individual environment component grade, risk evaluation and regulations focused on environment protection. The presented paper deals about environmental impact of business activitie...

The climate system of the earth, globally and locally, obviously has been changed from pre-industrial period to present. Some of the changes are due to natural phenomena and some due to human activities, where the crucial role has been played by the emission of so-called “green house gasses” (GHG). By 1990 the measured concentrations of GHG had reached their highest level. From the enlarged volume of observations we have come to the picture of world that is getting warmer. The observed climate changes and their im...

The present work aims at presenting the main research topics of GPhI in the field of numerical air pollution modeling. The basic dynamic and pollution transport models, applied for the purpose are briefly described. Some study results are demonstrated, concerning air pollution modeling in local and regional scales.

The North-Western Bohemia region takes a unique position in the history of mining in the Czech Republic. Several ore districts are situated here, the welfare of which influenced the development of the Czech state in some periods. Some precious stones mining was also significant. Today the North-Bohemian Basin area is known for its largest Czech brown coal deposit. Whereas ore mining in the region extinguished and the other raw materials mining has relatively small significance, coal mining and the restoration of d...

Low concentration of chlorinated aliphatic compounds may be found in wastewater and contaminated soils from different industrial sources and in the air arisen from these type sources. Low levels of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC)’s could be removed by adsorption, incineration or biofiltration methods. These methods have some disadvantages with low removal efficiency or high operation cost. Chlorine has been removed from the chlorinated aliphatic compounds by biological methods at anaerobic conditions. The aim of ...

A comparative study of the content of five macro- and about fifty micro- and trace elements in fly ashes from six coal-burning power plants in Bulgaria is carried out by means of a combination of Chemical Analysis, AAS, X-Ray Luminescence and X-Ray Fluorescence EDA. The elements’ distribution among and within single particles is investigated on the base of the comparison of data from bulk analysis, micro-analysis, and the results from acid leaching tests using 0.1M HNO3. It is established that many heavy metals an...

We have studied 15 species of ligneous plants angyosperms, spontaneous and cultivated ones – in areas adjacent to industrial platforms: Borzeşti (Bacău county), Bicaz and Taşca (Neamţ county) - Romania; in the first case, the noxious substances are mainly gaseous (sulphur dioxide, chlorine, ammoniac), but also solid (carbon black, soot); in the other two cases, the noxious substances are mainly solid ones (lime or cement powders prone to sedimentation). Our investigations have focused on observations concerning sp...

Ore dressing leads to producing of great quantities of waste which are stored in special waste depositories (tailing ponds). They occupy large areas and their exploitation provokes air, water and soil contamination of the surrounding territories. Reclamation is one of the most radical methods for recovery of the environmental components, creation of conditions for grass and forest growth and formation of appropriate landscape. The current study aims to determine the anthropogenic impacts on the soils in the region...

Modelling of air pollution parameters, according to the meteorological data is a necessary for preventing the repetition of same problems. During recent years, neural network-based models have been shown to be powerful tools in the simulation of variations in air quality and provide better alternative to statistical models because of their computational efficiency and generalization ability. In this study, prediction of future daily SO2 concentrations in Konya (Turkey) using MLP (Multilayer Perceptron) artificial ...

Laboratory investigations on zinc ions removal from model solution in a column with fixed bed zeolite clinoptilolite were conducted. Experimental dynamic curves for sorption depending on the bed height of zeolite and velocity of treated solution were received. The main constant parameters characterizing the process at breakthrough were defined. It was established that the bed column volumes of solution and the capacity at breakthrough increase with increasing of contact time, whereas sorbent usage rate decreases. ...