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Terotechnica is an interdisciplinary science that competes in the development of technical and technological documentation for: assembling, commissioning, maintenance, repair, upgrading new spare parts, worn-out parts repairs, organizing specific activities and effective feedback on systems industrial. It may be given the definition of maintenance technique. Terotechnica systems must be organized in such a way as to meet the intended purpose of maintaining functional parameters with minimal expenses and short-term...

The requirements imposed by Regulation (EC) 2003/2003 on fertilizers and those set out in Annex III of the Regulation, require tests and physico-chemical analyses for high ammonium nitrate-based chemical fertilizers. The physicochemical properties of ammonium nitrate, as well as a number of factors influencing the sensitivity to detonation, underline the importance of the thermal conditioning of ammonium nitrate according to temperature in terms of detonation risk. The RENAR accredited laboratory test on nitrogen-...

This article argues that dynamic capabilities are a special type of specific resource embedded in the organizational structure of an enterprise, the purpose of which is to increase the productivity of using other resources available to the enterprise. By definition, dynamic capabilities, along with resources, can generate enterprise profits or act as a source of economic rent, due to the effective management of available potential. Therefore, this article attempts to assess the contribution of dynamic capabilities...

The purpose of the research is to assess the current condition of and determine ways of solving the problem related to the improvement of management of subsoil use processes and objects from the standpoint of interests of the state, business and society. The applied methodology is based on the study of the main provisions of official laws and regulations and policy documents, the application of methods for collecting, processing and analyzing information related to this topic, the demonstration of actual performan...

Among different types of hazards associated with underground mining in Polish copper mines, one of the most dangerous is rock burst hazard. Having in mind that the depth of exploitation is getting deeper, this problem will likely get worse in the near future. This kind of hazard is connected inherently with seismic events. Controlled group blasting within a potentially unstable roof stratum is considered as an active method of rock burst prevention. A number of recorded seismic events can be clearly and directly e...

The strength chart of rocks is an important characteristic in the development of minerals, the design of various geo-engineering structures. In its construction, the strength data of laboratory mechanical experiments are used, which include indirect or direct tensile, uniaxial compression, and triaxial compression according to the Karman's scheme. The necessary minimum information is the data from the first two types of test. Mohr-Coulomb circles are constructed for each specimen in the coordinate system "shear st...

Explosive mixtures generated in technological installations by processing, handling and storage are generally complex and in many cases cannot be assimilated with existing specific data. When ignited, they can burn rapidly and result in a considerable explosion force, when in mixture with air in proper proportions. Therefore, for establishing with certainty the requirements of the technical equipment which can be used in potentially explosive atmospheres generated by air / combustible dust mixtures, it is necessar...

Conveyor belt and especially its cover is viscoelastic material, which means that it combines viscous and elastic properties at the same time. In calculation of motion resistance, mainly in indentation rolling resistance, equivalent lateral stiffness of belts if necessary. To determine this value the distribution of compressive stress (both, in cover and cord) should be analysed. In mine conditions compressive stress in cord disappears gradually and top cover do not take part in cyclical compression. To calculate ...

Given their wide spectrum of utilizations, the interest for mapping new reserves and prospective areas of useful rocks becomes crucial. On the Romanian territory the natural occurrence of useful rocks is widely spread on the foreland zone, and on the Carpathian structures. These rocks have multiple uses in constructions and various other civil/industrial sectors. Besides being used as raw material in buildings, roads and a variety of miscellaneous engineering works, depending on their petrographic type, these usef...

This paper presents a two-level stochastic scheduling tool. The proposed tool determines the optimal location and size of different schedules through a long-term scheduling as well as the optimal operation strategy for schedules through a short-term scheduling. The proposed scheduling tool considers distributed resources, physical and operational constraints, and blocks as candidates for the extraction. One of the key characteristics of the introduced scheduling is its ability to tackle the two schedules through s...

ABSTRACT The specialized software packages dedicated to mine planning and design activity developed greatly in the past years. In order to take advantage of this software evolution, the available geospatial data, the information about the geology of the deposits, the surface morphology and the open pit models which are accessible in classic format, on printed paper, all the information must be converted in digital format for fitting in dedicated digital databases. The paper presents the steps taken in this digitiz...

The expense of restoring of excavators cutting bodies is increasing these days in the Most Basin area, primarily the replacement of tooth because of abrasion expense. The main reason is the complicated geological situation of overburden rocks, first of all the occurrence of sands and hard structures in the overburden cuts rocks in the deep horizons of open pit mines. The main target of this article is the brief description of realised research. It is design of the optimum methodology of bucket tooth cutting body h...

Application of rubber at higher temperatures requires sufficient heat resistance. The experimental research was carried out with the rubber intended for use at higher operating temperatures as gaskets for caps in mining. The intakes during the operation of the rubber gasket are accompanied with physical as well as chemical changes that lead to thermal degradation of the material. The mechanical properties (tensile strength, elongation, Shore hardness, and abrasion resistance) of the examined type of rubber were de...

The stress state of a rock mass close to the Vostochniy open-pit, Olimpiadinskoe gold deposit, was studied with relief methods in the end-face measurement variant. The studies were performed at three observation stations within one engineering-geological rock block and identified the gravitational-tectonic type of acting stress field. The maximum component of the principal stresses is subhorizontal and acts in the zone of influence of the open-pit excavation parallel to the open-pit contour. Reconstruction of the ...

Calculation of motion resistance of belt conveyor shown underestimation in comparison to results of conducted measurements. The main component of motion resistance for conveyors longer than 80 m are primary resistance. Furthermore, indentation rolling resistance can generate more ten half of them. Disproportion between measured and calculated values can be determined by the component which is predominated. This indicated the need to verify theoretical method of determining rolling resistance. To improve calculatio...

More than fifty per cent (56.7%) of total energy consumption of oil industry falls on the artificial lift operations. In recent years, the share of wells producing high-viscosity oil has been continuously increasing. It is common knowledge that these wells require high energy demand. Considering that the majority of these wells use downhole sucker rod pumping units, well performance improvement is the priority task. At present, balance of active energy consumed by motor at rod upstroke and downstroke is used as an...

The diagnostics of residual service life of key industrial products is essential in real technical operations. The diagnostics facilitates reliable monitoring of real-time state of the equipment and thus ensures its safety. Steel structures in heavy machinery are used for brown coal mining and require high purchase investments. That is why the diagnostics of these structures is so important. Each equipment failure represents a considerably high loss of mined volumes and thus also the financial loss. It is therefor...

Fans are such simple and common equipment, that we tend to underestimate their importance, giving them our attention only when their performances are not meeting our criteria. General mechanical ventilation is typically carried out by two co-operating installations: one for the inlet of fresh air into the room or technological space, and the second for absorbing the vicious air. Both fresh air and the evacuation of the air, the fans must be equipped with a diffuser. When the fan blows freely into the atmosphere wi...

An effective method to enhance productivity of gas drainage wells in gas-bearing coal seams is hydraulic fracturing. Proppants are usually used in the hydraulic fracture to maintain its aperture, long conductivity and gas recovery from developed coal seams. In the paper the experimental results of gas permeability of the solid coal cores, coal specimens with non-propped and propped artificial longitudinal fractures are presented. The data were received for different stress conditions: effective stress varied from ...

The involved geological structure of the Bilina Mine complicates mining of overburden materials and it is necessary to make movement of the large mining machines in the risk zones safe, so that they are not endangered. A lot of risks is connected with mining and some of them can be categorized as so-called uninfluenced risks. Areas broken by tectonic processes or strongly inclined layers on overburden cuts are such hazards. Those in quarrying negatively affect mining in many aspects. Due to a landslide there is a ...

Mining operations performed within the northern part of of deep copper Polish mines are associated with a relatively thick (up to 200 m) and broadly extended salt rock stratum. Since in the above area of planned copper ore exploitation large salt chambers exist and new ones will be mined-out, their safe dimensions have had to be found. The understanding of the mechanism of interaction between the workings? elements such as pillars and immediate roof strata excavated within the salt-rock body, required developing a...

Schemes of cleaning-up deep iron ore deposits using open pit mining method from mining-capital operations and land saving perspective are analyzed. It was established that the cleaning-up of border reserves with a pit side separation is expedient in the operation of shallow open pit mines. Cleaning-up of open pit mines with an increase in the resulting angle of slope of the side at the partial abandonment of transport communications is expedient at the transition stage from the auto truck-rail transport to the aut...

Drilling and blasting operations are one of the most important mining processes in open pit mines which encompass the crucial part of mining costs. Today, despite the development of mechanized drilling in surface mining, blasting operation has remained as an inseparable part of mining operations in most open pit mines. This paper tries to develop a mathematical model for finding an optimal length and width of the blast block for minimizing drilling and blasting costs in open pit mines. With the approach, the most ...

In the mining industry, open pit mining is accompanied by the most significant disturbances in the landscape and hydrological conditions of the development area and disturbed or complete loss of soil cover over large areas. With the existing technology of stripping works, reclamation of disturbed lands is carried out separately and requires additional costs for its implementation, and in most cases is not carried out, which has led to a tendency of accumulation of disturbed lands. Currently, reclamation of disturb...

In open pit mining operations, production scheduling is a hierarchical process for optimization of extraction capacities, resource allocations and types of ore dispatches. Production scheduling deals with equipment capacities, time periods, reserve constraints, wall slope restrictions, ore grade averages and feed controls to mill over a reasonable long-term schedule. Its results then form the inputs of short-term functions more detailed such as scheduling and to control at a lower level which usually has more accu...

A dynamic method has been developed for optimizing reload horizon of a cyclic and continuous technology complex (CCTC) with a combined road-conveyor-rail type of transport for round open pit fields, providing a rational depth of rail transport installation together with economically viable horizons for the location of the concentration horizon and reload from steeply inclined conveyors into the inner mine railway transport. Mining in border and deep zones of open pit mines is conducted in constrained conditions. C...

At all times, one of the most important criteria for evaluating the performance of a mining enterprise were its economic indicators. It is well-known that the enterprise will get that big profit, than earlier it will be able to learn the most effective way of development of production. In this regard development of qualitative methodology of assessment of economic efficiency of planning is very relevant as allows to receive indicators of economic effects from the implementation of a specific plan and on their basi...

Horizon control in underground coal mining is still largely based on the knowledge and experience of a human operator, while many other operations run fully automated in mines nowadays. Several control strategies have been developed for automatic horizon control in underground coal mines, but none of them worked satisfactorily for a long distance up to now, even if the used sensors execute their intended task already and were improved continuously. However, the behaviour of the mining system itself, especially the...

Corrosion represents a major problem in the flow assurance for the oil and gas industry. Carbon steel has been extensively used in oil and gas industry due to its cost-effectiveness, availability, strength, high durability and ductility. However, one of the biggest disadvantages of steel is highly susceptible to corrosion in the aggressive environments. Most of corrosion inhibitors are toxic, non-biodegradable and non-eco-friendly in nature, thus development of inhibitors based on natural resources are needed. In ...

Occupational noise exposure in the workplace is linked with a range of negative effects on human health. Many researchers agree that the noise-induced hearing loss is the second most common form of sensorineural hearing deficit, after the illness of age-related hearing loss. An extended exposure to occupational noise can generates devastating disability that is potentially 100% completely preventable. The hearing deficit begins at the higher frequencies and it develops gradually as a result of chronic exposure to ...

Risk assessment is a concept introduced for analysing the safety level in workplaces in order to assess if enough and proper precautions have been taken or if their number and quality should be improved so that to prevent hazardous situations. The underground coal mining industry is very hazardous, facing serious fatalities related to work, workplaces and workers as a consequence of the high-risk processes carried out underground and of the hazardous toxic and explosive atmosphere. The use of electrical equipment ...

Production of high-viscosity oil reserves is accompanied by digital modeling. Use of enhanced oil recovery methods involves the synthesis of optimal control of the injected agents? effects. The system for modeling of non-isothermal multiphase filtration processes currently under development is based on the use of the finite element method. This allows to detail the formation heterogeneities and processes taking place in the wells and in the near-well regions. The objective function includes minimization of water c...

At national and world wide level, raw materials consumption is steadily increasing due to industrial development and population growth. In this context, production of basic raw materials, and in particular of fossil fuels, natural gas and coal, is constantly increasing. For underground coal mining are used a complex network of horizontal, vertical and inclined mine workings with the purpose of extraction, transportation and evacuation of coal. Associated with the system of mine workings, there is a ventilation net...

At the present stage of greening of the old productive units, the demolition process using blasting works have an increasing application due to the reduced time consumption, labor and expenses. A large number of demolition works by using explosives and characterized by a high degree of difficulty, have shown that the use of the blasting technique is a proper alternative from the point of view of efficiency, quality and security. Each construction creates a special case, the calculation of the blasting parameters a...

Peat belongs to renewable energy sources; therefore, research into the state of reserves, use and development of peat extraction and processing technology is of great relevance, especially in areas with harsh climatic conditions. On the other hand, other sources of energy, such as coal and hydrocarbons, are exhausted and depletable. Against this background, the development of innovative technologies for peat extraction in harsh natural and climatic conditions is of great interest and prospects. One of such regions...

Phosphates are one of strategic mineral resources that provide the food safety of any country. The specific feature of the raw-material base in the Kola region is the endogenic type of apatite deposits. All industrial reserves and resources of apatite-nepheline ores (ANO) are confined to PZ alkaline-ultrabasic carbonatite complexes and, mainly, to the Khibiny massif (KM). 15 unique apatite-nepheline deposits and occurrences are located here. Some of them are the world-class scale. ANO of the KM are highly eco-frie...

Emergency management is a complex task, involving precise coordination of numerous activities and people, as well as fast decision-making in environments where critical, vital information, might often be missing. Despite all technical and technological progress, most industries record accidents with human casualties and property damage. For this reason, the presence of special intervention ? rescue teams at economic units is critical, because they can ensure a quick and efficient response to confine / eliminate da...

The tensile properties of conveyor belts significantly affect their use in practice. Research is focused on the determination of the influence of sampling direction on the tensile strength and the elongation of 3 types of fabric conveyor belts. The carcass material determines the tensile properties of the conveyor belt. The carcass of a fabric conveyor belt is formed by several layers of textile plies. The textile plies are created by crossing the system of warp and weft fibres. The warp represents a set of fibres...

Intervention and rescue activity in special conditions can be conducted under special requirements only by trained and authorized personnel using personal protective breathing equipment. The decisive factor for the success of an intervention and rescue operation in toxic or chemically aggressive environments lies, among others, in optimum and efficient design of rescue personnel?s training process, in connection with their testing in environments with high temperature and humidity. Heat is normally generated as a ...

Vulnerability to stress occurs during the person's biography, depending on psycho-emotional trauma, experiences of severe psychological stressful situations, including how the individual succeeded in managing them. Some people have a constitutional or psychological vulnerability to the action of traditional stressors, being more prone to psychic stress. The multifactorial complex of non-specific factors that modulate the individual response necessarily includes personality traits, acquired during the individual's ...

The paper approaches a series of researches that concern the finding of a solution for modernizing the cutting wheels of the extraction tower of Slanic Prahova salt mine. With this in view and starting from the observation that the former solution is worn out, a new variant has been conceived and designed in order that it might be applied to the structure of the extraction tower without important changes. Specialized software has been used for the assisted analysis and designing, which is able to provide the corre...

Restructuring of the exploitation of the coal deposit in the carboniferous area of the Jiu Valley in Romania is part of a quarter-century closure program and the use of minerals has been reduced by 10 times compare with the production achieved at the level 1989. In the last 10 years, the use of the coal in the steel production was abandoned, the production being processed only for electric and thermal energy needs. At present, 4 production units (Lonea, Livezeni, Vulcan and Lupeni) are operating in this area, out ...

Mining-and-industrial heritage ? underground workings, open areas of former mining works, natural caves and underground cavities are, in many cases in critical condition and pose a safety threat to the tourists visiting those. On the other hand, such places, have significant historical, technological and landscape value. Moreover, these objects are also crucial for the development of tourism, attracting a lot of visitors by their uncommonness. Underground space for tourism purposes is often used by the specialists...

The efficiency of drilling and blasting works can be assessed in many ways, depending on the desired effect. The evaluation can be performed on the basis of the quality of the explosives used for rock extraction. On the other hand, the correct assessment should include the results of drilling and blasting works. One of the parameters that are commonly used in the quality evaluation of explosives is the in situ velocity of detonation measurement, which is a direct indicator of the efficiency of the utilised explosi...

The solving of the project of the Czech Republic Technology Agency TACR dedicated to microbial methane genesis in geological conditions of the Czech coal basins is under way from 2018. The target of the project is clean methodology of coal. The main attention of the 2018 research was devoted to the geological research of the brown and hard coal basins and to the selection of the optimum localities for sampling. This paper briefly summarises the geological situation of coal basins, stratigraphy of different coal se...

In the study, heavy metal concentrations were determined from the Certej creek, basin in surface waters by using inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry as an analytical method (ICP-OES). In order to assess the toxicity effects, the toxicity of various elements such as ( As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni, Zn etc.) were studied, these elements having an increased toxicity even at low concentrations. The purpose of this work is to determine their concentrations by the inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry m...

The lecture deals with the issue of newly approved territorial ecological limits. Mining - technical conditions of mining or mining - geological conditions together with the optimal choice of the concept of mining procedures predict the efficient and safe use and extraction of a reserved mineral deposit in a given mining area. The mining space must be determined and define on the basis of mining ? geological conditions of every mining location due to the application of all the principles contained in the Mining la...

The analysis of extensive seismological databank of one of deep mines of Norilsk?Talnakh polymetals deposits was performed to assess the shock hazard statement of rock massifs. The kinematic parameter is proposed for estimation of shock hazard of rock massifs which is based on kinematic characteristics of seismic processes. This parameter is the ratio of the migration speed of the equivalent seismic energy release center and the apparent speed of the aftershocks of individual large seismic events within the contro...

The underground mining development in Low Tatras focused primarily on gold, silver and partly iron ore exploitation began in the Middle Ages. At the end of the 16th century, manually created mining underground spaces (vertical shafts and horizontal galleries) were already 100 m deep and several hundred meters long. The mines were situated also at the top of the mountain range at an altitude of approximately 1400 meters above sea level. During the 16th century silver mine called St. Michal was created on the ridge ...

The safety conditions of the underground works carried out for the coal mining process are ensured by longwall supports. The particularities of the system of hydraulic powered roof supports are given by structure of the supporting component, by the pumping station and respectively by the operating liquid and the length of the wall the activity of which needs to be ensured. The pumping stations used for the supply of the roof supports, also called hydraulic assemblies, are composed of: the oil in water tank, the pu...